With the inception of high voltage (HV), requisites on the insulating permanence of HV equipment is becoming increasingly crucial. Mineral/synthetic oil liquid insulation—together with solid insulation materials (paper, pressboard)—is the fundamental insulation constituent in HV apparatuses; their insulation attributes perform a substantial part in a reliable and steady performance. Meanwhile, implications on the environment, scarcity of petroleum oil supplies and discarding complications with waste oil have stimulated investigators to steer their attention towards sustainable, renewable, biodegradable and environmentally friendly insulating substances. The contemporary insulating constituent’s evolution is driven by numerous dynamics—in particular, environmental obligations and other security and economic issues. Consequently, HV equipment manufacturers must address novel specifications concerning to these new standards. Renewable, sustainable and environmentally friendly insulating materials are continuously substituting conventional insulating items in the market place. These are favorable to traditional insulating materials, due to their superior functionality. The also offer explicit security and eco-friendly advantages. This article discusses cutting-edge technology of environmentally friendly insulating materials, including their fabrication, processing and characterization. The new renewable, insulating systems used in HV equipment are submitted and their fundamental gains stated in comparison with conventional insulating materials. Several experimental efforts carried out in various parts of the world are presented, offering an outline of the existing research conducted on renewable insulating systems. The significance of this article lies in summarizing prior investigations, classifying research essence, inducements and predicting forthcoming research trends. Furthermore, opportunities and constraints being experienced in the field of exploration are evidently reported. Last but not least, imminent research proposals and applications are recommended.

In the era of globalization, the incidence of global warming emerges from the issue of climate change, which attracts the attention of several scholars to attain sustainability with respect to ensuring sufficient energy access and diminishing environmental adversities. However, in view of these circumstances, this study examines the heterogenous impacts of nuclear energy, renewable energy, and information and communication technologies (ICTs) on pollution emissions reduction for the top-five emitter countries, covering the data from the period from 1995–2017. This study employs an advanced panel quantile regression model that takes into account both unobserved individual heterogeneity and distributional heterogeneity. The findings illustrate that the effect of all the selected explanatory variables on CO₂ emissions is heterogenous along the quantiles. Our outcome supports the notion that nuclear energy consumption is insignificant in contributing to lower environmental pollution. Renewable energy consumption and ICT significantly decrease the carbon emissions of emitter economies, but the negative influence is more robust at the quantiles level (0.30–0.80) and (0.10, 0.20), both factors correct the environmental pollution in the five emitter countries. Finally, the findings of the study provide crucial policy recommendations to policymakers.

This paper analyzes the relationship between freight transport, economic prosperity, carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, energy consumption, and urbanization for three top Asian economies, namely, Hong Kong, Singapore, and South Korea during 1995–2017. For this purpose, we use the augmented Dickey-Fuller test for the stationary of the series, Johansen co-integration approach, and fully modified ordinary least squares and Granger causality model to infer the causal relationship between the study variables. The results show that economic prosperity (GDP) and energy consumption (EC) have a significant impact on freight transport (FT) for all three economies. In addition, the results also manifest the existence of bidirectional causality between GDP and FT in Singapore but a unidirectional causality running from GDP to FT in the case of Hong Kong and South Korea. As a quick policy option, controlling fossil fuel energy consumption in the transport sector may result in a remarkable reduction in CO₂ emissions. The present study provides new insights to decision-makers for designing comprehensive energy and environmental policies for future sustainable freight transport growth in the long run.

The global warming phenomena arise from the subject of climate change, which draws intellectuals’ attention toward replacing polluting energy sources with clean energy sources by continued deployment of innovations. Also, global warming problems put large pressure on governments, individuals, and policymakers. Therefore, for reliable energy supply and economic development, the target of achieving a low-carbon and sustainable environment is needed. In this light, we explore the role of clean energy and technological innovation in carbon emission reduction in China from 1995 to 2018. The key outcomes from the fully modified least-squares and robust least-squares indicate an elasticity of −0.065 and −0.075, respectively, for the nexus of renewable energy and CO₂ emissions. Similarly, nuclear energy, technology innovation, and political-institutional quality have a negative influence on CO₂ emissions. Furthermore, the granger causality demonstrates feedback between renewable energy and CO₂ emissions, as well as between technological innovation and CO₂ emissions. To achieve a cleaner environment, the implementation of the existing policy pathways is potentially geared toward applying technological innovations to produce renewable energy at lower costs.

This study examines the dynamic connection between green energy, employment, fossil fuel energy, and human development index including additional variables such as education, life expectancy, and poverty in panel data of 30 developing countries from 1990–2017. Previous studies analyzed the total energy consumption on the human development index, whereas the differential effect of green and fossil fuel energy with employment and human development index has not been examined. The empirical exercise is based on the panel co-integration test, panel fully modified ordinary least squares, dynamic ordinary least squares, and vector error correction estimation approaches. The results reveal that all variables are co-integrated. The results of regression analysis indicate that green energy, education, life expectancy, and employment increase the human development index, but fossil fuel energy and poverty decrease the human development index by −0.016 and 0.023%. In addition, the vector error correction model designates that there is bidirectional causality between green energy consumption and the human development index. Therefore, for developing countries, the development and utilization of green energy sources (wind, solar, geothermal, etc.) are needed. Moreover, these countries should rely less on fossil fuel energy because it causes a decrease in the HDI.

Several researchers have studied the environmental policy stringency and ecological innovation regarding CO₂ emissions and renewable energy consumption; however, the impact of environmental policy stringency, technological innovation, FDI, and ecological innovation on energy transition has not been studied in the case of NICs. For this purpose, panel quantile regression models are applied in the context of NICs from 2000 to 2021. Our empirical results show that the effect of foreign direct investment is positive and statistically significant on energy transition. On the other hand the variables environmental policy stringency, eco-innovation, and ICT-trade have an inverse effect on energy transition. Therefore, the findings of the study also provide policy implications that indicate NICs need to optimize their trade structure and re-innovate the latest innovation spillovers, and strict environmental policies should be introduced to facilitate energy transition in NICs.