In order to predict the high mortality due to COVID-19, simple, useful and remote instruments are required. To assess the validity of the baseline Barthel Index score as a predictor of in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients, a validation study of a clinical prediction tool in a cohort of patients with COVID-19 was conducted. The primary variable was mortality and the Barthel Index was the main explanatory variable. Demographic, clinical and laboratory variables were collected. Other mortality predictor scores were also assessed: Pneumonia Severity Index, CURB-65 and A-DROP. The Receiver Operating Characteristic Area under the Curve (ROC AUC), sensitivity and specificity were calculated for both the Barthel Index and the other predictor scores. An analysis of the association between the main variables was conducted, adjusting by means of three multivariate models. Three hundred and twelve patients were studied. Mortality was 16.4%. A mortality Odds Ratio (OR) of 5.95 was associated with patients with a Barthel Index ≤ 90. The model number 3 was developed to predict in-hospital mortality before COVID-19 infection occurs. It exhibits an OR of 3.44, a ROC AUC of 0.792, a sensitivity of 74.5% and a specificity of 73.9%. The Baseline Barthel Index proved useful in our population as a predictor of in-hospital mortality due to COVID-19.

There is evidence that healthcare can be executed differentially depending on the gender of patients, researchers, and clinicians. The aim was to analyze the possible existence of nursing gender differences in pain management produced by arterial puncture for blood gas analysis. A cross-sectional, multicenter study designed was conducted in Castilla-la Mancha (Spain). Variables of interest were collected from nurses in the public health system of a European region through a questionnaire. Data were collected for four months; the primary outcome was the use of any intervention to reduce pain and the explanatory variable was the nurse’s gender. Bivariate analysis was carried out to assess associations between gender and pain-reducing interventions and a multivariate model was created with those factors that were relevant using logistic regression. A significantly higher proportion of men reported using some form of intervention (45% vs. 30%) and had more specific training (45.9% vs. 32.4%). The adjusted probability of using pain-reducing interventions by men was 71% higher than women. Thus, we found gender differences in the management of pain caused by arterial punctures performed by nurses as the main healthcare providers.

Introducción. La punción arterial para el análisis gasométrico provoca dolor de intensidad variable. Este dolor podría alterar la dinámica ventilatoria y, por tanto, los parámetros respiratorios de la muestra sanguínea. Objetivos. Determinar la posible relación entre el dolor inducido por la punción arterial y los parámetros obtenidos del análisis gasométrico de estas muestras de sangre. Como objetivos secundarios, obtener la prevalencia del dolor provocado en la muestra estudiada y la posible asociación con el número de intentos. Metodología. Estudio transversal que incluyó 100 muestras arteriales de 61 pacientes durante el primer semestre de 2024. La intensidad del dolor, reportada mediante la escala NRS-11, fue la variable principal de estudio. Se analizó la asociación de esta variable con variables gasométricas (por ejemplo, pH, pO2, pCO2 y lactato) y con otras variables sociodemográficas y relacionadas con punción arterial. Resultados. La edad fue de 69,43 ± 13,07 y el 68% eran hombres. Respecto a la variable principal de resultado, la puntuación media del dolor fue de 4,03 ± 2,61. La intensidad del dolor no mostró asociación con ninguna variable gasométrica. Sin embargo, el número de intentos de obtener con éxito una muestra arterial mostró significación. Tras ajustar por otras variables, cada intento adicional aumentaba el dolor en 1,14 puntos. Discusión. No se encontró asociación entre el dolor de la punción arterial y los parámetros del análisis gasométrico, por lo que los resultados pueden interpretarse de forma robusta en situaciones en las que no es posible un manejo adecuado del dolor. ABSTRACT Introduction. Arterial puncture for gasometrical analysis causes pain of varying intensity. This pain could alter the ventilatory dynamics and therefore the respiratory parameters of the blood sample. Objectives. To determine the possible relationship between the pain induced by arterial puncture and the parameters obtained from the gasometrical analysis of these blood samples. As secondary objectives, to obtain the prevalence of pain caused in the sample studied and the possible association with the number of attempts. Methodology. Cross-sectional study involving 100 arterial samples from 61 patients during the first half of 2024. Pain intensity reported by the NRS-11 was the main study variable. The association of this variable with gasometrical variables (for example: pH, pO2, pCO2, lactate) and with other variables of different nature (sociodemographic and related to the arterial puncture itself) was analyzed. Results. The age was 69,43 ± 13,07 and 68% were men. Regarding the main outcome variable, the mean pain score was 4.03 ± 2.61. Pain intensity showed no association with any of the gasometric variables. However, the number of attempts to successfully obtain an arterial sample showed significance. After adjustment for other variables, each additional attempt increased pain by 1.14 points. Discussion. No association was found between arterial puncture pain and gasometric analysis parameters, so the results can be robustly interpreted in situations where adequate pain management is not possible.