Despite the manifestations of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) in the neonatal period or in the first year of life, the diagnosis of this rare disease is usually established at the age of 4–7 years. The aim of the study was to search for reserves for early diagnosis of PCD. Materials and methods of research: 17 patients were observed with PCD, confirmed on the basis of the PICADAR scale, highspeed light video microscopy (all patients) and transmission electron microscopy (in 3 patients) of the mucous biopsy of the respiratory membrane using a genetic study (in one patient). Results: all patients were born full-term; neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was observed in 71% of patients; the median duration of mechanical ventilation/oxygen therapy was 14 [7; 21] days; lateralization abnormalities were found in 35% of patients; all patients had persistent nasal congestion and/or rhinorrhea, 94% had chronic or recurrent sinusitis, otitis, recurrent pneumonia, chest x-ray and computed tomography (CT) scans in 71% had atelectasis with constant localization in the middle lobe, 12 of 15 patients, traced in the follow-up, – bronchiectasis (BE), also mainly in the middle lobe (in 9 patients). The average age at diagnosis was 5 [1.75; 7] years, patients with an established diagnosis over the age of 3 years were more often diagnosed with BE. The median of PICADAR scores was 7 [6; 8] points. Conclusions: to establish early diagnosis of PCD, it is important to consider neonatal RDS, lateralization of organs, difficulty in nasal breathing, starting from the first half of life.

In the last 10–15 years, especially among young people, there has been an increase in the prevalence of vaping, which partially replaces the smoking of conventional cigarettes. The chemicals in vape liquids can provoke the development of non-infectious inflammatory pneumonitis. Symptoms of the disease usually appear within a few months after the start of smoking electronic cigarettes. Vape-associated lung disease is a clinical diagnosis and is established after the exclusion of other respiratory diseases. The article describes a clinical case of vape-associated lung injury in a 17-year-old teenager.

Перспективы коррекции микробиоты кишечника в профилактике и лечении астмы у детей

Роль -3 полиненасыщенных жирных кислот в развитии ребенка

Acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) are the most common diseases among children. The typical and most disturbing symptoms of ARVI are nasal discharge, nasal congestion and difficulty in nasal breathing. Local protective factors of the respiratory mucosa (epithelial barrier, mucociliary clearance, antimicrobial peptides, immunoglobulin A, microbiota) prevent the penetration of respiratory infections. To prevent ARVI in children it is important to maintain the physiological state of the mucous membrane. ARVI treatment in children is based on care and supportive activities. By irrigating nasal cavity with saline one removes mucus, mechanical impurities, stimulates mucociliary clearance, reduces swelling of the mucous membrane and need for decongestants. The new nasal spray Aqualor Protect contains 45% of sea water with a slightly hypertonic concentration of salts (1.5%) and Ascophillum nodosum brown algae extract. The main polysaccharides of brown algae - fucoidan and ascofillan - have a wide range of biological actions, including anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties. The extract of brown algae added to saline helps to increase the effectiveness of irrigation therapy in the treatment and prevention of acute respiratory viral infections in children.