Europe’s forests, particularly in Ukraine, are highly vulnerable to climate change. The maintenance and improvement of forest health are high-priority issues, and various stakeholders have shown an interest in understanding and utilizing ecological interactions between trees and their associated microorganisms. Endophyte microbes can influence the health of trees either by directly interacting with the damaging agents or modulating host responses to infection. In the framework of this work, ten morphotypes of endophytic bacteria from the tissues of unripe acorns of Quercus robur L. were isolated. Based on the results of the sequenced 16S rRNA genes, four species of endophytic bacteria were identified: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis, Delftia acidovorans, and Lelliottia amnigena. Determining the activity of pectolytic enzymes showed that the isolates B. subtilis and B. amyloliquefaciens could not cause maceration of plant tissues. Screening for these isolates revealed their fungistatic effect against phytopathogenic micromycetes, namely Fusarium tricinctum, Botrytis cinerea, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Inoculation of B. subtilis, B. amyloliquefaciens, and their complex in oak leaves, in contrast to phytopathogenic bacteria, contributed to the complete restoration of the epidermis at the sites of damage. The phytopathogenic bacteria Pectobacterium and Pseudomonas caused a 2.0 and 2.2 times increase in polyphenol concentration in the plants, respectively, while the ratio of antioxidant activity to total phenolic content decreased. Inoculation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis isolates into oak leaf tissue were accompanied by a decrease in the total pool of phenolic compounds. The ratio of antioxidant activity to total phenolic content increased. This indicates a qualitative improvement in the overall balance of the oak leaf antioxidant system induced by potential PGPB. Thus, endophytic bacteria of the genus Bacillus isolated from the internal tissues of unripe oak acorns have the ability of growth biocontrol and spread of phytopathogens, indicating their promise for use as biopesticides.

The article is devoted to the development of methodical approaches to the management of environmental risks due to pesticide contamination of agrocenoses. An assessment of ecological risks due to the use of pesticides was carried out at the scientific research field of the Skvirskaya research...

Coal mining in Donbas is a global problem as it causes the destabilization of ecological landscapes. Spoil tips, covering almost 52% of the territory, alter the topography of the land, affect the ecosystem, and decrease soil fertility. The soils become degraded and are unsuitable for agricultural...

The article considers the existing approaches to the management of environmental risks in agricultural production. It is noted that in order to minimize environmental risks in agrocenoses and improve environmental safety in agroecosystems, it is necessary to assess the consequences of the impact of agricultural activities on agrocenoses. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to summarize the main environmental risks in agrocenoses and determine levers of environmental risks managent to minimize their negative impact in agricultural production and improve the safety of agroecosystems. It is shown that in order to control the consequences of environmental risks, it is important to develop an algorithm for the process of managing environmental risks in agrocenoses throughout the crop cycle. The fundamental principles of this process include studying the main factors of environmental risks for growing crops and developing a list of environmental risks in agrocenoses; identification of the main levers of environmental risk management in agrocenoses, which include recommendations for the use of optimal measures in agricultural production to prevent or minimize environmental risks. The list of main environmental risks in agrocenoses is proposed, which summarizes the sources of their occurrence and the consequences for agrocenosis. The main environmental risks in agrocenoses include climate change, soil degradation, anthropogenic soil pollution, changing of the optimal ratio of land used in agriculture, unsatisfactory phytosanitary condition of crops. The main levers of environmental risk management in agrocenoses are identified and priority measures are given to prevent the negative consequences of the effects of biotic and abiotic factors on agrocenoses. It is noted that the development of new methodological approaches to the management of environmental risks will minimize their impact on agrocenoses and improve the safety of agroecosystems.

The impact of bioformulations on the development of fungal diseases and the productivity of tomatoes was studied. Microorganisms of the genera Azotobacter, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Streptomyces, and Trichoderma were used as bioagents. Their protective effect was compared with the effectiveness of chemical fungicides. The majority of bioformulations actively inhibited the spore germination of tomato pathogens Alternaria solani and Phytophthora infestans. In greenhouse experiments, biological preparations provided a protective effect at the level of 33.2%–70.1% against early dry spot and 34.3%–65.5% against late blight of tomatoes. The use of bioformulations in the field experiments effectively controlled tomato diseases and improved productivity and fruit quality. The highest protective effect against early dry spot was observed with the use of bioformulations Avercom, Biophosphorin, Haupsin, Planriz, and Trichodermin. Biophosphorin, Azotobacterin, Azostrept, and Haupsin were more effective against phytophthora. Usage of bioformulations provided the 19%–66% increase of healthy fruit harvest of different varieties of tomatoes.

Forests perform essential ecological functions - water protection, sanitation, health, recreation, and aesthetics. The research aimed to substantiate the ecological and economic importance of forest resources in the Kyiv region and analyse their rational use and protection. The article shows that...