Glioblastoma (GBM) represents a significant therapeutic challenge due to its aggressive nature. Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) present a promising approach to GBM therapy. The primary mechanism of TTFields, an antimitotic effect, alongside numerous indirect effects including increased cell membrane permeability, signifies their potential in combination with other treatment modalities. Current combinations often include chemotherapy, particularly with temozolomide (TMZ), however, emerging data suggests potential synergy with targeted therapies, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy as well. TTFields display minimal side effects, predominantly skin-related, posing no significant barrier to combined therapies. The effectiveness of TTFields in GBM treatment has been demonstrated through several post-registration studies, advocating for continued research to optimize overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients, as opposed to focusing solely on quality of life.

The risk assessment for carotid atherosclerotic lesions involves not only determining the degree of stenosis but also plaque morphology and its composition. Recently, carotid contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has gained importance for evaluating vulnerable plaques. This review explores CEUS’s utility in detecting carotid plaque surface irregularities and ulcerations as well as intraplaque neovascularization and its alignment with histology. Initial indications suggest that CEUS might have the potential to anticipate cerebrovascular incidents. Nevertheless, there is a need for extensive, multicenter prospective studies that explore the relationships between CEUS observations and patient clinical outcomes in cases of carotid atherosclerotic disease.

Genetic alterations in the ALK gene occur in approximately 3-5% of cases of non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These rearrangements are critical in determining how cancer cells respond to treatment with ALK inhibitors. However, over time, some patients may develop resistance, leading to disease progression. In such cases, performing genetic analysis is crucial to detect new mutations that could be driving resistance, enabling healthcare providers to select the most appropriate next-line therapy. We present the case of a 56-yearold patient with advanced NSCLC who had an exceptional progression-free survival of 71 months. This case highlights the potential benefits of using sequential ALK inhibitors in the treatment of advanced ALK-rearranged lung adenocarcinoma. This case emphasizes the importance of genetic testing and tailored treatment approaches and offers optimism for improved patient outcomes in individuals with ALK-positive lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: Cervical pregnancy (CP) accounts for less than 1% of all ectopic pregnancies. The standard of management for CP is still under detailed investigation; however, among the known treatment methods, super-selective uterine artery embolization (UAE) and the use of methotrexate (MTX) have emerged as effective and minimally invasive options in recent years. Our aim is to present our center’s experience and provide available evidence evaluating the efficacy of UAE in the treatment of CP. Materials and Methods: This single-center and retrospective study evaluated the procedural and clinical outcomes of patients with CP who underwent endovascular uterine embolization with MTX between 2017 and 2024. Both procedural and clinical efficacy and safety, as well as the rate of complications and long-term outcomes, were noted. Results: A total of nine patients were diagnosed with CP (imaging examination included transvaginal ultrasound and/or magnetic resonance imaging) and referred for endovascular treatment. The mean age of the patients was 36.7 years, and the mean gestational age on admission was 9 weeks. In all cases, selective catheterization of supplying vessels and subsequent embolization with a mixture of methotrexate and gel sponge was carried out. The technical success rate was 100% with no complications. Follow-up ultrasound confirmed the disappearance of the flow signal around the intracervical gestational sac in all cases. Conclusions: In conclusion, this retrospective study demonstrated the procedural and clinical safety and efficacy of uterine artery embolization in patients with cervical pregnancy. This is why endovascular therapy should be proposed to these individuals and be included in treatment options discussed during multidisciplinary boards.

Background: Vascular injury after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is rare but may be limb-threatening. Popliteal artery branch pseudoaneurysm is an uncommon complication that can present with nonspecific symptoms, potentially mimicking postoperative hematoma, infection, or deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Case presentation: A 79-year-old man underwent primary left TKA for advanced osteoarthritis (OA). Seven months later, he sustained a low-energy fall closed reduction and bracing were implemented. Due to recurrent episodes of instability with spontaneous self-reduction, a constrained revision TKA (R-TKA) was performed. Eighteen days after revision, the patient was readmitted because of persistent pain-related functional impairment. Duplex Doppler ultrasonography revealed a partially thrombosed pseudoaneurysm measuring 33 × 37 mm arising from a popliteal/genicular branch. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) confirmed a partially thrombosed pseudoaneurysm with a contrast-filled component within a larger periarticular fluid collection. This suggested a second, smaller pseudoaneurysm along the feeding vessel; hemarthrosis and soft-tissue edema were also present. After multidisciplinary evaluation, selective catheter angiography via left common femoral access was performed, and the injured branch was occluded using coil embolization combined with n-butyl cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive. Completion angiography demonstrated successful exclusion of the pseudoaneurysm without complications. Conclusions: Delayed pseudoaneurysm of a popliteal artery branch should be considered after revision TKA in patients with atypical swelling, hemarthrosis, or disproportionate pain. Duplex ultrasound and CTA are complementary diagnostic tools, and endovascular embolization provides a minimally invasive, effective, and low-morbidity treatment option when the lesion involves a branch vessel.

Genetic abnormalities in the anaplastic lymphoma (ALK) kinase gene are present in 3-5% of Non-squamous Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) cases. ALK gene rearrangement plays a crucial role in determining the sensitivity of neoplastic cells to small molecule ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors. However, some patients may develop resistance to ALK inhibitors over time, leading to disease progression. In such cases, it is important to perform genetic testing to identify any emerging mutations that may be res