The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of probiotics obtained from an agroindustrial waste substrate fermented with lactic acid bacteria and/or yeasts on the health and changes in the microbiota of the digestive tract of guinea pigs. Eighty male guinea pigs, Kuri breed, 30 days old and 250 g live weight, were randomly selected and divided into four groups of 20 animals each: T0, control; T1, Lactobacillus acidophilus and L. bulgaricus; T2, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Kluyveromyces fragilis; and T3. L. acidophilus, L. bulgariccus, S. cerevisiae and K. fragilis. T1, T2 and T3 contained molasses-vinasse substrate in their base, the dose administered was 1.00 mL/animal orally every 3 days. The indicators evaluated were weight gain, occurrence of diarrhea and mortality, macroscopic lesions in the digestive tract organs and changes in the microbiota of the stomach, caecum, small and large intestine. Treatments T1, T2 and T3 improved weight gain (p < 0.05) and reduced the presence of guinea pigs with diarrhea (p < 0.05) and there was no mortality; animals in the control group presented a greater amount (p < 0.05) of macroscopic lesions in the digestive tract organs; in the T1, T2 and T3 groups there was an improvement in the natural microbiota. It is concluded that the inclusion of a microbial additive in young guinea pigs improves intestinal health and consequently improves weight gain, reduces diarrhea and deaths and normalizes the natural microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract.

Objective. To evaluate the effect of biopreparations obtained from agroindustrial by-products fermented with lactic acid bacteria and yeasts on the bioproductive behavior of primiparous guinea pigs and their offspring. Materials and methods. A total of 40 nulliparous guinea pigs were used, with 125 d of age, 1450 g of live weight, distributed in four groups of 10 animals each. T1, Control (basal diet without additive); T2, substrate fermented with Lactobacillus acidophilus. T3, substrate fermented with Kluyveromyces fragilis and T4, substrate fermented with L. acidophillus and K. fragilis. A completely randomized design was used where weight gain during pregnancy, age at first delivery, percentage of fertility, conception index, health, and values ​​of hemoglobin, hematocrit and mean corpuscular volume were evaluated. Results. Weight gain during pregnancy was greater (P <0.05) in T4; the age at first delivery was reduced (P <0.05) in Treatment 4; the fertility percentage and the conception index were better (P <0.05) in the animals that consumed the T4 biopreparation, the occurrence of diarrhea was lower (P <0.05) in the T4 group. Hematological values ​​ware improved in all groups that consumed biopreparations. Conclusions. The use of agroindustrial substrates fermented with L. acidophilus and K. fragilis improved the productive and reproductive indicators in primiparous guinea pigs. In addition, it intervenes in the improvement of health and hematological values.

In the last decade, the production of guinea pig meat in Andean countries has increased due to the growing number of consumers of this meat. Objective: To evaluate the effect of including different doses (0.50, 1.00, and 1.50 mL) of agro-industrial substrates (molasses distillery waste) fermented with lactic acid bacteria and yeasts on productive performance, hematological profile, relative weight changes in digestive tract organs, and changes in the intestinal microbiota in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). Materials: A total of 300 guinea pigs, Kuri breed, aged 20 days and weighing 330 g, were distributed into 10 groups of 30 animals each. Ctrl, Control. La, substrate fermented with Lactobacillus acidophilus (8.1 × 10⁷ CFU/mL). Kf, substrate fermented with Kluyveromyces fragilis (7.4 × 10⁶ CFU/mL). La + Kf, substrate fermented with bacteria and yeasts; the evaluated doses were 0.50, 1.00, and 1.50 mL/animal. The indicators evaluated in the study included weight gain, health, hematological profile, relative weight of digestive tract organs, and changes in the intestinal microbiota. Results: The parameters evaluated were toxicity, productive parameters, occurrence of diarrhea and mortality, and blood profile. The results showed a significant increase in the weight of the animals consuming probiotics, especially at higher doses. Additionally, an improvement in the intestinal microbiota was observed, with an increase in beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus and a decrease in pathogenic bacteria. Probiotics also influenced the hematological parameters and the weight of digestive tract organs, suggesting a positive effect on the overall health of the animals. Conclusions: Supplementation with probiotics proved to be a promising strategy for improving productive performance and intestinal health in guinea pigs. Supplementation with L. acidophilus and K. fragilis significantly enhances guinea pig growth and modulates the intestinal microbiota. The combination of strains and appropriate doses maximizes benefits. These results promise applications in animal production, requiring further studies to confirm their efficacy in other species and developmental stages.

The objective of this study was to obtain and characterize three candidate microbial cultures for veterinary probiotics, developed in different substrates on agro-industry wastes. A selection of lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. bulgaricus, Streptoccus thermophillus) and yeasts of Kluyveromyces fragilis (L-4 UCLV) were used to develop probiotic preparations. The substrates chosen were: molasses (as a source of carbohydrates) and soy milk, whey, torula yeast and orange vinasse (as a source of protein) to obtain a high number of microorganisms and levels of organic acids. The substrates under study were composed of: T1, molasses and soy milk. T2, buttermilk more torula yeast and molasses. T3, orange vinasse and molasses. All the variables were incubated for 24 at 37 ° C. Dry matter, crude and true protein, ether extract, ash, viability and microbial concentration were determined in all treatments (T1, T2 and T3). At the time of incubation, the pH values of all the treatments were lower than 4.22 and at 24 hours it was reduced to 3.86. The values of the dry material and ether extract were higher (P<0.05) in T1; the crude and true protein was higher (P<0.05) in T2; whereas, ash was higher (P<0.05) in T3. But for all the variables the microbial concentration and the viability was higher than 93% and 7.7x107 cfu/mL respectively. The results of the present study showed that byproducts such as: molasses, soy milk, whey, milk yeast and orange vinasse are suitable substrates to develop microorganisms with probiotic capacity and obtain an acceptable probiotic for veterinary use.

El estudio tuvo como objetivo, evaluar la acción de los bioaditivos probióticos sobre los cambios histomorfometricos y nivel de colonización en diferentes segmentos de tracto digestivo en cuyes con 90 días (d) de edad. De manera aleatorizada se seleccionaron 80 cuyes de raza Kuri con 30 d de edad, 250 g de peso vivo, y se distribuyeron en cuatro grupos de 20 animales cada uno. Ctrl, Control. Bal, sustrato vinaza–melaza fermentado con Lactobacillus acidophilus. Lev, sustrato vinaza–melaza fermentado con Kluyveromyces fragilis. B+L, sustrato vinaza–melaza fermentado con L. acidophilus y K. fragilis. El Bal, Lev y B+L en su base contenía sustrato melaza – vinaza. Los parámetros evaluados fueron, lesiones macroscópico en los órganos del tracto digestivo, cambios morfométricos y microbiota del tracto digestivo. Los órganos del tracto digestivo en cuyes del grupo control presentaron mayor (P<0,05) cantidad de lesiones macroscópicas; las muestras el intestino, duodeno, yeyuno e ilion de los animales que consumieron probióticos presentaron mayor (P<0,05) longitud; similar situación presentó los cambios histomorfométricos de tejidos intestinales en cuyes con probióticos, la carga microbiana detectada a partir del hisopado rectal en los diferentes medios de cultivos con diferencias estadísticas significativas (P<0,05). Se concluye que la inclusión aditivo microbiano en los cuyes influyen en los cambios morfométricos sobre todo en la longitud y ancho de vellosidades intestinales, profundidad de criptas y relación longitud/profundidad a los 45 y 90 d de edad. Asimismo, se pudo verificar el nivel de colonización que realizan las cepas de los microorganismos beneficiosos en diferentes segmentos del tracto digestivo.

Objetivo. Obtener, caracterizar y evaluar dos biopreparados desarrollados a partir de melaza de caña de azúcar - vinaza de naranja fermentados con levaduras y/o bacterias ácido lácticas. Materiales y métodos. Se utilizó un diseño completamente aleatorizado con cinco repeticiones por tratamiento. Los tratamientos evaluados fueron: T1, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus y T2, las bacterias anteriores más Saccharomyces cerevisiae y Kluyveromyces fragilis (L-4 UCLV). En un sustrato compuesto por melaza- vinaza se inocularon los microorganismos anteriormente mencionados y estos fueron incubados a 37ºC por 24 h. Se les determinaron a los biopreparados los parámetros fisicoquímicos, microbiológico y se realizaron las pruebas in vitro para evaluar la capacidad probiótica. Resultados. Ambos biopreparados presentaron un color marrón oscuro, dulzón y con pH inferior a 4. El comportamiento bromatológicos y microbiológicos fueron mayores (p>0.05) en el T2. En ambos biopreparados la viabilidad fue superior a 92%. En pruebas in vitro, ambos biopreparados fueron resistentes a pH ácido, sales biliares, amplio espectro de actividad antimicrobiana y efecto inhibitorio a la E. coli, Salmonella spp. y S. aureus. Conclusión. Los biopreparados obtenidos a partir de melaza de caña de azúcar-vinaza de naranja fermentados con levaduras y/o bacterias ácido lácticas demostraron propiedades físicoquímicas, microbiológicas apropiadas para productos probióticos. En las pruebas in vitro, se demostró su efecto potencial como probiótico.