The Neoproterozoic sedimentary succession of the Katanga Supergroup at Mwambashi in the Zambian Copperbelt includes a 105 m thick interval of fragmental rocks, interpreted in the past as tectonic friction breccia. Re-examination of these rocks shows that their textural and structural features are indicative of sedimentary genesis. This coarse clastic sedimentary complex rests with an angular unconformity and a pronounced hiatus on the basal, siliciclastic unit of the Roan Group. The succession evolves from fluvial or marginal marine red-bed sandstones and fine-grained conglomerates to subaqueous coarse-grained debris flow conglomerates and includes large exotic blocks, up to 30 m thick, of gabbro, dolomite and quartzite. Both, the exotic pebbles and large blocks are derived from the Roan Group rocks. The upper boundary of this conglomeratic complex is transitional to the succeeding fine-grained siliciclastic and dolomitic strata of the Mwashya Subgroup. Based on the stratigraphic position in the Katanga Supergroup succession, composition, and the textural and structural features the conglomeratic complex at Mwambashi is here correlated with the recently identified new lithostratigraphic unit of coarse clastic strata defined at Mufulira, to the east of Mwambashi, as the Mufulira Formation. The Mufulira Formation marks a pronounced uplift in the southern part of the Roan rift basin, which terminated deposition of the Roan Group, and opening of a younger Mwashya rift, which expanded towards the north. Lateral variations of the maximum clast-size, structural features of conglomerate beds and the associated finer-grained facies imply that the Mwambashi section occupies a position proximal relative to the source area uplifted in the southwest, whereas the succession intersected at Mufulira was deposited in a more distal and deeper setting within the Mwashya rift basin. An occurrence of oxidised Fe-rich, reddish coloured siliciclastic sediments within generally grey-coloured- successions enables correlation between Mwambashi and Mufulira. The correlation suggests that at the southern margin of the Mwashya rift the basin infill evolved diachronously, the marine flooding and associated retrogradation of subaqueous coarse-grained facies progressing towards the southwest.

The Dukla Nappe in the Skrzydlna area exposes two types of mélange reflecting two different phases of basinal and tectonic evolution of the Outer West Carpathian orogen in its Polish sector. The Oligocene-age sedimentary mélange (olistostrome) is related to growth of the accretionary wedge, whereas the Miocene-age diapiric mélange postdates the orogenic thrusting. Textural and structural features of the very coarse-grained sedimentary mélange suggest non-cohesive debris flows and high-density turbidity currents as predominant emplacement mechanisms. Growth strata, associated with progressive unconformities, and facies contrast between the underlying fine-grained unit and the overlying olistostrome reflect a considerable uplift of the source area and rotation of the adjacent part of the basin floor. The olistostrome and the overlying turbidite succession form a retrogressive sequence interpreted as a submarine canyon infill grading to a small submarine fan. The diapiric mélange, injected into the Oligocene-age succession of the Dukla Nappe, contains the Early and Late Cretaceous-age blocks and matrix derived from the underlying Silesian Nappe. The features reflecting diapiric emplacement include matrix proportion increase and block content decrease towards the mélange margins, scaly fabric and shear zones. Both mélanges, interpreted in the past as chaotic bodies, upon detailed examination reveal genesis-related subtle internal organization.

The Neoproterozoic Ghanzi Group metasedimentary succession, of northwestern Botswana shows a potential for hosting precious metals. Platinum group minerals (PGM) were discovered in the Quirinus Prospect of the Boseto Exploration Area during preliminary stages of research into copper-silver mineralisation in the D’kar Formation. The PGM are associated mainly with molybdenite, bismuth-bearing minerals and copper sulphides. The combination of reflected light microscopy and SEM-EDAX analyses revealed a presence of Pd-Hg tellurides occurring together with molybdenite and Bi-bearing minerals forming a veinlet cross-cutting a larger quartz-calcite vein. The BSE image shows two mineral phases of diversified chemical composition with concentrations of Pd and Hg reaching maximum of 45.82 weight % and 21.41 weight % respectively.