Background/Objectives: This study aims to systematize the ability to use ROE to assess rhinoplasty outcomes in surgical approaches. Methods: The PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched for the following terms: “rhinoplasty and outcome” OR “prognosis” OR “outcomes” OR “satisfaction” OR “quality of life” OR QoL “rhinoplasty outcome evaluation”. The timeframe of the included studies is from 2011 to May 2024. Ultimately, 17 papers were included in the conducted meta-analysis of ROE scores between pre- and post-treatment data. Results The mean value of the pre-treatment ROE score was 33.50 with a CI of 29.46 to 37.53 (p < 0.001), while the post-treatment ROE was 69.60 with a CI of 63.07 to 76.14 (t ≤ 6 months). At t = 12 months it was 80.25 with a CI of 75.79 to 84.70 (p < 0.001). The mean difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment scores (t ≤ 6 months) was −36.31 with a CI of −40.93 to −31.69. The mean difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment scores for 6 m < t ≤ 12 m was −47.36 with a CI of −53.89 to −40.83. Conclusions: The result was statistically significant (p < 0.001).

Background: Bimaxillary surgery is an elemental procedure in the field of cranio-maxillofacial surgery. It allows for the correction of even the most challenging cases of maxillomandibular disorders, malocclusion, facial asymmetry, and disproportion. The osteotomies and maneuvers carried out during the procedure result in changes to the surrounding tissues, including the maxillary sinuses (MS). The aim of this study was to assess the change in the maxillary sinus volume and the thickness of the mucosa after maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) surgeries. Methods: A group of 25 patients who underwent MMA surgery were included in the study. Computed tomography (CT) of the head and neck region was performed 2 weeks preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. Acquired Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) files were analyzed using different software programs to calculate the medium MS mucosa thickness and MS volume. Results: A statistically significant reduction in MS volume was observed (p = 0.015). The change in the median thickness of the MS mucosa was not statistically significant. The median sella-nasion-A point angle (SNA angle) value of the group increased from 80.2 to 83.4 degrees. A weak negative correlation between the SNA delta and the MS volume delta was observed. Spearman’s rank coefficient: (ρ s = −0.381, p = 0.060). Conclusions: The MMA surgery results in a reduction in the MS volume. The amount of forward movement of the maxilla may be correlated with the extent of the MS volume reduction.

Background: Bimaxillary (BiMax) advancement surgeries are one of the most frequently performed procedures in the orthognathic subspecialty of craniomaxillofacial surgery. The growing digitalization of the planning process and the shift from physical to virtual settings in procedure design have allowed, among other things, for better visualization of surgeries, improved preparation, and a more profound understanding of individual anatomy. Therefore, the question of the accuracy of performed virtual planning (VP) as well as the available methods of its evaluation arises naturally. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of performed BiMax advancement surgeries and propose a new planning accuracy coefficient (PAC). Methods: A group of 35 patients who underwent BiMax surgery were included in the study. Computed tomography (CT) of the head and neck region was performed 2 weeks preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. Acquired Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) files were used to perform a VP and a 3-dimensional (3D) cephalometry analysis using IPS CASE DESIGNER^® software, v2.5.7.1 (KLS Martin Group, Tuttlingen, Germany). Statistical significance evaluation and basic measures of central tendency and dispersion of the analyzed variables were calculated. The accuracy of the performed planning was assessed based on the mean absolute error (MAE) between the planned and achieved cephalometric data variables. Additional assessment was performed based on the proposed PAC. Results: VP was found to be accurate in terms of cephalometric data assessing the height of the maxilla and mandible, the inclination of the occlusal plane, the position of the jaws in relation to the skull base, as well as overjet and overbite. There was a discrepancy in results between the classic and proposed methods of accuracy assessment in the case of several of the evaluated variables. Conclusions: The accuracy of the VP of BiMax advancement surgeries can be evaluated based on 3D cephalometry, and it is accurate in the assessment of the previously mentioned variables. There is a need for further analysis and potential development of the proposed PAC; however, the data obtained based on PAC are promising, and by taking into account the magnitude of planned movements, it can facilitate a fair comparison of results presented in different studies based on various assessment methods.

Objective: Normative values of Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation (ROE) and Functional Rhinoplasty Outcome Inventory 17 (FROI-17) allow the monitoring of surgery outcomes. The objective of our study was to determine the reference norms of these disease-specific questionnaires in the age group that most often seeks rhinoplasty. Methods: The normative values of the ROE and FROI-17 questionnaires were calculated for 570 (459 women and 111 men) young adults at the mean age of 19.3 ± 1.3 years, range 18–25 years. Each participant underwent an ENT examination. All those who obtained a positive result were asked to complete two questionnaires: ROE and FROI-17. Results: The mean total ROE score was 13.4 ± 2.3, with a median of 13 and a range from 7 to 24. The mean overall FROI-17 score was 9.1 ± 13.3, with a median of 4 and a range from 4 to 72. For nasal symptoms, the mean was 4.0 ± 6.0, with a median of 1 and a range from 0 to 29. We observed a statistically significant difference between men and women only for the normative values of nasal symptoms (mean 4.0 ± 5.9 and median 2 (0–27) vs. mean 3.7 ± 6.5 and median 0 (0–29)). Additionally, there was a statistically significant correlation between the normative values of the ROE and FROI-17 scores (ρs = −0.413 for all participants, ρs = −0.314 for women, and ρs = −0.437 for men). Conclusions: The established normative values for the ROE and FROI-17 questionnaires among young, healthy individuals without nasal abnormalities can assist in the initial assessment of individuals seeking rhinoplasty. Deviations from these normative values in the ROE and FROI-17 questionnaires results may serve as indicators of potential concerns, such as body dysmorphic disorder (BDD).

Background: Bimaxillary surgeries (BiMax) are an essential part of the craniomaxillofacial specialty. The osteotomies and subsequent spatial rearrangement of the maxilla and the mandible enable the correction of facial deformities, asymmetry, and malocclusion. Moreover, the movements performed during the procedure affect the morphology of surrounding soft tissues, including the upper airway (UA). Objectives: The objective of this study was to radiologically assess the potential volumetric alterations of the UA in the supine position at various intervals following BiMax advancement surgeries. Methods: A group of 31 patients who underwent BiMax advancement surgery were included in the study. Medical computed tomography (CT) of the head and neck region was performed 2 weeks preoperatively, 1 day postoperatively, and 6 months postoperatively. The UA volumes were calculated and analyzed based on the acquired Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) files using different software applications. The sella-nasion-A point (SNA) and sella-nasion-B point (SNB) angles were evaluated to measure the achieved maxillomandibular advancement. Results: When comparing the volume of the UA before surgery, post-surgery, and 6 months post-surgery, the p-value was <0.001, indicating statistically significant differences in UA volume between the successive examinations. A statistically significant difference was found between UA volume before surgery and 6 months post-surgery and between UA volume after surgery and 6 months post-surgery, with the obtained p-values being <0.001 and 0.001, respectively. A significantly larger UA volume was observed 6 months post-surgery (mean ± SD: 27.3 ± 7.3) compared to the volume before surgery (mean ± SD: 22.2 ± 6.4), as well as 6 months post-surgery compared to the volume assessed shortly after surgery (mean ± SD: 24.2 ± 7.3). Conclusions: BiMax advancement surgeries result in the significant enlargement of the UA. The volume of the UA does not diminish immediately following the procedure and is not constant; it increases significantly during the postoperative observation period.

Background: Understanding lymph node involvement in head and neck cancers is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes. Accurate identification of nodal metastases can enhance prognostic assessment, improve survival rates, and reduce the risk of recurrence. This study aimed to evaluate the association of lymph node metastases with primary tumor characteristics, with a particular focus on tumor stage and primary tumor location in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Methods: The study included 170 patients diagnosed with HNSCC at a single medical center between 2022 and 2025. Clinical and pathological assessments of the size and extent of primary tumors were performed according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM classification, version 8. Results: The study cohort consisted of adult patients with a mean age of 61.9 years, of whom 40.6% were female. The tongue was the most common primary tumor site (54.7%), followed by the floor of the mouth (22.4%) and the jaw (8.8%). Clinical staging identified lymph node metastases (cN1 or higher) in 32.4% of patients, whereas pathological evaluation revealed nodal involvement in 38.9%. A statistically significant association was observed between tumor stage and the presence of lymph node metastases (p < 0.001). Additionally, the frequency of nodal metastases varied by anatomical site, with the highest rates observed in tumors of the floor of the mouth and the tongue. Conclusions: These findings suggest that both tumor stage and primary tumor location are associated with an increased risk of lymph node metastases. The results underscore the limitations of clinical staging in detecting nodal disease and highlight the prognostic significance of tumor stage and anatomical site in assessing metastatic risk.