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The 2303 Wetlands of International Importance distribute unevenly in different continents. Europe owns the largest number of sites, while Africa has the largest area of sites. More than half of the sites are affected by three or four impact factors (55%). The most significant impact factors are pollution (54%), biological resources use (53%), natural system modification (53%), and agriculture and aquaculture (42%). The main affected objects are land area and environment of the wetlands, occurred in 75% and 69% of the sites, respectively. The types most affected by land area occupation are river wetlands and lake wetlands, the types with the greatest impact on environment are marine/coastal wetlands and river wetlands, the type with the greatest impact on biodiversity is river wetlands, the types most affected by water resources regulation are marsh wetlands and river wetlands, and the types most affected by climate change are lake wetlands and marine/coastal wetlands. About one-third of the wetland sites have been artificially reconstructed. However, it is found that the proportions of natural wetland sites not affected or affected by only one factor are generally higher than that of wetland sites both containing natural wetlands and human-made wetlands, while the proportions of wetland sites both containing natural wetlands and human-made wetlands affected by three or four factors are generally higher than that of natural wetland sites. Wetland sites in the UK and Ireland are least affected among all countries. Wetland management plans in different regions still have large space for improvement, especially in Africa and Asia. The protection and restoration of global wetlands can be carried out in five aspects, including management and policy, monitoring, restoration, knowledge, and funding.
Ting Xu; Baisha Weng; Denghua Yan; Kun Wang; Xiangnan Li; Wuxia Bi; Meng Li; Xiangjun Cheng; YinXue Liu. Wetlands of International Importance: Status, Threats, and Future Protection. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 1818 .
AMA StyleTing Xu, Baisha Weng, Denghua Yan, Kun Wang, Xiangnan Li, Wuxia Bi, Meng Li, Xiangjun Cheng, YinXue Liu. Wetlands of International Importance: Status, Threats, and Future Protection. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (10):1818.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTing Xu; Baisha Weng; Denghua Yan; Kun Wang; Xiangnan Li; Wuxia Bi; Meng Li; Xiangjun Cheng; YinXue Liu. 2019. "Wetlands of International Importance: Status, Threats, and Future Protection." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 10: 1818.
Drought-flood abrupt alternation (DFAA) is an extreme hydrological phenomenon caused by meteorological anomalies. To combat the climate change, the watershed integrated management model—Soil and Water Assessment Tool model (SWAT)—was used to simulate DFAA, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) from 1961 to 2050, based on measured precipitation data in the Hetao area and the downscaled Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) climate scenarios. In the future, the increase in temperature and the increase in extreme precipitation will aggravate the pollution of water bodies. Results indicate that the risk of water quality exceeding the standard will increase when DFAA happens, and the risk of water quality exceeding the standard was the greatest in the case of drought-to-flood events. Results also indicate that, against the backdrop of increasing temperature and increasing precipitation in the future, the frequency of long-cycle and short-cycle drought-flood abrupt alternation index (LDFAI, SDFAI) in the Hetao area will continue to decrease, and the number of DFAA situations will decrease. However, the zone of high-frequency DFAA situations will move westward from the eastern Ulansuhai Nur Lake, continuing to pose a risk of water quality deterioration in that region. These results could provide a basis for flood control, drought resistance and pollution control in the Hetao and other areas.
Yuheng Yang; Baisha Weng; Wuxia Bi; Ting Xu; Dengming Yan; Jun Ma. Climate Change Impacts on Drought-Flood Abrupt Alternation and Water Quality in the Hetao Area, China. Water 2019, 11, 652 .
AMA StyleYuheng Yang, Baisha Weng, Wuxia Bi, Ting Xu, Dengming Yan, Jun Ma. Climate Change Impacts on Drought-Flood Abrupt Alternation and Water Quality in the Hetao Area, China. Water. 2019; 11 (4):652.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYuheng Yang; Baisha Weng; Wuxia Bi; Ting Xu; Dengming Yan; Jun Ma. 2019. "Climate Change Impacts on Drought-Flood Abrupt Alternation and Water Quality in the Hetao Area, China." Water 11, no. 4: 652.
It has become a hot issue to study extreme climate change and its impacts on water quality. In this context, this study explored the evolution characteristics of drought–flood abrupt alternation (DFAA) and its impacts on total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorous (TP) pollution, from 2020 to 2050, in the Luanhe river basin (LRB), based on the predicted meteorological data of the representative concentration pathways (RCPs) climate scenarios and simulated surface water quality data of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The results show that DFAA occurred more frequently in summer, with an increasing trend from northwest to southeast of the LRB, basically concentrated in the downstream plain area, and the irrigation area. Meanwhile, most of the DFAA events were in light level. The incidence of TN pollution was much larger than the incidence of TP pollution and simultaneous occurrence of TN and TP pollution. The TN pollution was more serious than TP pollution in the basin. When DFAA occurred, TN pollution almost occurred simultaneously. Also, when TP pollution occurred, the TN pollution occurred simultaneously. These results could provide some references for the effects and adaptation-strategies study of extreme climate change and its influence on surface water quality.
Wuxia Bi; Baisha Weng; Zhe Yuan; Yuheng Yang; Ting Xu; Dengming Yan; Jun Ma. Evolution of Drought–Flood Abrupt Alternation and Its Impacts on Surface Water Quality from 2020 to 2050 in the Luanhe River Basin. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 691 .
AMA StyleWuxia Bi, Baisha Weng, Zhe Yuan, Yuheng Yang, Ting Xu, Dengming Yan, Jun Ma. Evolution of Drought–Flood Abrupt Alternation and Its Impacts on Surface Water Quality from 2020 to 2050 in the Luanhe River Basin. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (5):691.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWuxia Bi; Baisha Weng; Zhe Yuan; Yuheng Yang; Ting Xu; Dengming Yan; Jun Ma. 2019. "Evolution of Drought–Flood Abrupt Alternation and Its Impacts on Surface Water Quality from 2020 to 2050 in the Luanhe River Basin." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 5: 691.
Wetland protection and recovery needs scientific foundations for a better understanding of wetland floods, since the flooding exist and its dynamics are the key aspect in the formation and evolution of wetland ecosystems. The flood inundation areas in the Honghe National Natural Reserve (HNNR) were mapped in this study according to the correlation between hydro-geomorphology and regular flood progress. HNNR has been listed in the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands since 2002. The mapping of the flood inundation areas were supported technically from the application of remote sensing technology, combining the hydro-geomorphologic analysis with meteorological statistical data. The final map was validated by the long-term rainfall, soil moisture and surface water data in the HNNR. The results indicated that the flood inundation areas were mainly distributed in large patches along the two main river courses of Nongjiang River and its branch of Woyalan River in the northern and central HNNR. The flood inundation patches were scattered as seasonal marshes and permanent ponds in the southern and eastern HNNR. The extracted flood inundation area accounted for more than a quarter of the total area of HNNR. The flood inundation area of Nongjiang was much larger than that of in the area of Wuyalan.
Zeying Liu; Lina Zhao; Ting Xu; Fei Bu; Xiaomeng Liu; Demin Zhou. Quantification of potential flood inundation areas in the marsh wetland of Honghe National Natural Reserve, Northeast China. Ecohydrology & Hydrobiology 2018, 18, 1 .
AMA StyleZeying Liu, Lina Zhao, Ting Xu, Fei Bu, Xiaomeng Liu, Demin Zhou. Quantification of potential flood inundation areas in the marsh wetland of Honghe National Natural Reserve, Northeast China. Ecohydrology & Hydrobiology. 2018; 18 (4):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZeying Liu; Lina Zhao; Ting Xu; Fei Bu; Xiaomeng Liu; Demin Zhou. 2018. "Quantification of potential flood inundation areas in the marsh wetland of Honghe National Natural Reserve, Northeast China." Ecohydrology & Hydrobiology 18, no. 4: 1.
It is of great significance to study the effects and mechanisms of the key driving forces of surface water quality deterioration—climate change and LUCC (land use and land cover change). The Luanhe River Basin (LRB) in north-eastern China was examined for qualitatively and quantitatively assessing the responses of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) loads on different climate scenarios and LUCC scenarios. The results show that from 1963 to 2017, the TN and TP loads basically presented a negative correlation with the temperature change (except for winter), while showing a significant positive correlation with the precipitation change. The incidence of TN pollution is sensitive to temperature increase. From 2020 to 2050, the annual average loads of TN and TP were slightly lower than from 1963 to 2017. The contribution of rising temperature was more significant on nutrient loads. Also, the incidence of TN pollution is sensitive to the future climate change. Under LUCC scenarios, the TN and TP loads and pollution incidence increased correspondingly with the decrease of natural land. The evolution characteristics analysis can provide support for the effect and adaptation-strategies study of climate change and LUCC on surface water quality.
Wuxia Bi; Baisha Weng; Zhe Yuan; Mao Ye; Cheng Zhang; Yu Zhao; Dengming Yan; Ting Xu. Evolution Characteristics of Surface Water Quality Due to Climate Change and LUCC under Scenario Simulations: A Case Study in the Luanhe River Basin. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018, 15, 1724 .
AMA StyleWuxia Bi, Baisha Weng, Zhe Yuan, Mao Ye, Cheng Zhang, Yu Zhao, Dengming Yan, Ting Xu. Evolution Characteristics of Surface Water Quality Due to Climate Change and LUCC under Scenario Simulations: A Case Study in the Luanhe River Basin. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15 (8):1724.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWuxia Bi; Baisha Weng; Zhe Yuan; Mao Ye; Cheng Zhang; Yu Zhao; Dengming Yan; Ting Xu. 2018. "Evolution Characteristics of Surface Water Quality Due to Climate Change and LUCC under Scenario Simulations: A Case Study in the Luanhe River Basin." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 8: 1724.
In recent years, land subsidence in the plain areas of Hebei Province has caused a tremendous potential safety hazard, and has seriously hindered the social and economic development of Hebei Province. Therefore, the relevant ministries and commissions of China decided to implement comprehensive treatments to restore and protect groundwater in Hebei Province from 2014. This paper evaluates the effect of the comprehensive treatments implemented at Quzhou County in 2014 and 2015. Based on socio-economic and surface and groundwater data, the study converted “electricity to water amount” to obtain the actual amount of agricultural groundwater exploitation, and then drew the effective precipitation and agricultural groundwater exploitation amount (P-W) curve. Finally, the study calculated the restriction amount of agricultural groundwater exploitation and validated the groundwater exploitation restriction effect by the variation of groundwater depth. The restriction amounts of agricultural groundwater exploitation of the projects (including water conservancy projects, agricultural projects, and forestry projects) implemented in 2014 and 2015 were 10.54 million m3 and 5.65 million m3, respectively. The target completion ratios were 79.1% in 2014 and 100.8% in 2015, respectively. The groundwater depths of the project regions and the county have restored to some extent. Therefore, this study illustrated that the comprehensive treatments have played an effective role in groundwater recovery and the restriction of groundwater exploitation has not caused the reduction of grain production. The results of this study can also provide effective references and technical supports of the comprehensive treatments of groundwater overdraft for other similar regions.
Ting Xu; Dengming Yan; Baisha Weng; Wuxia Bi; Pierre Do; Fang Liu; Ying Wang; Jun Ma. The Effect Evaluation of Comprehensive Treatment for Groundwater Overdraft in Quzhou County, China. Water 2018, 10, 874 .
AMA StyleTing Xu, Dengming Yan, Baisha Weng, Wuxia Bi, Pierre Do, Fang Liu, Ying Wang, Jun Ma. The Effect Evaluation of Comprehensive Treatment for Groundwater Overdraft in Quzhou County, China. Water. 2018; 10 (7):874.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTing Xu; Dengming Yan; Baisha Weng; Wuxia Bi; Pierre Do; Fang Liu; Ying Wang; Jun Ma. 2018. "The Effect Evaluation of Comprehensive Treatment for Groundwater Overdraft in Quzhou County, China." Water 10, no. 7: 874.
In a context of climate change, precipitation patterns show substantial disturbances and the occurrence of precipitation anomalies has tended to increase in the Huang-Huai-Hai River Basin. These anomalies are likely influencing vegetation dynamics and ecosystem stability. This paper aims to have a comprehensive understanding of vegetation growth response towards the precipitation pattern in the Huang-Huai-Hai River Basin. The study used NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) data and mapped precipitation datasets from 1982 to 2011. NDVI and precipitation show a similar spatial distribution: they decrease from the southeast coast to the northwest inland. Regions with sparse vegetation are mainly distributed in arid and semi-arid areas or densely-populated areas. Vegetation coverage and the regular precipitation pattern show a positive correlation (61.6% of the whole region), while the correlation between vegetation coverage and precipitation anomalies is negative (62.7% for rainless days and 60.3% for rainstorm days). The clustering result shows that abundant vegetation is mainly situated in high precipitation or low anomaly areas. On the contrary, the degraded regions are mainly distributed in low precipitation or high anomaly areas. However, some special regions, mainly located in the Three North Shelterbelt Program region, the Tibetan Plateau, and other regions along the rivers, present improved vegetation cover when precipitation decreases or extreme events occur.
Denghua Yan; Ting Xu; Abel Girma; Zhe Yuan; Baisha Weng; TianLing Qin; Pierre Do; Yong Yuan. Regional Correlation between Precipitation and Vegetation in the Huang-Huai-Hai River Basin, China. Water 2017, 9, 557 .
AMA StyleDenghua Yan, Ting Xu, Abel Girma, Zhe Yuan, Baisha Weng, TianLing Qin, Pierre Do, Yong Yuan. Regional Correlation between Precipitation and Vegetation in the Huang-Huai-Hai River Basin, China. Water. 2017; 9 (8):557.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDenghua Yan; Ting Xu; Abel Girma; Zhe Yuan; Baisha Weng; TianLing Qin; Pierre Do; Yong Yuan. 2017. "Regional Correlation between Precipitation and Vegetation in the Huang-Huai-Hai River Basin, China." Water 9, no. 8: 557.