In line with the objectives of Industry 4.0, the Health 4.0 initiative promotes the integration of cutting-edge technology into medical practice. The Health 4.0 concept includes virtual reality (VR) as a component that has the potential to play an important role. Even though VR in the medical field is a hot issue right now, there is still a lack of understanding about VR-assisted treatment from a broad viewpoint. The combination of healthcare with the metaverse will result in more efficient resource distribution and usage within the healthcare system. The data pertaining to healthcare in the metaverse are kept on a public server, and Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based devices are used to retrieve it. Through the use of metaverse's healthcare systems, patients get a diagnosis in a timely manner. Because the metaverse is meant to be used for specific things, its effects on society, the economy, and culture are also determined by those things. The main findings of this review are to highlight the metaverse's goal of encouraging connectivity, collaboration, and new experiences directly affects how people interact, work, and interact with digital environments and how important it is for responsible and ethical development to make sure that all of these elements work well together. This analysis is going to be broken down into two distinct categories, the first two of which are purpose and impact. In conclusion, the findings of this research will help to improve strategic decision-making as well as policy-making processes in order to pursue the creation of commercial opportunities via the deployment of a metaverse service in healthcare and other comparable contexts.

Digital health is plagued by low interest and adherence, but research suggests improvements are possible. Non-health care, for-profit digital enterprises like LinkedIn, Twitter, and Facebook undertake behavioural experiments to enhance user engagement. Today, everyone is impacted by commercial determinants of health, and the selection of unhealthy options compounds economic, social, and racial disparities that already exist. However, healthcare providers tend to prioritize pharmacological approaches at the expense of influencing patients’ actions. Thus, it is crucial to ensure that artificial intelligence (AI) is integrated as well as applied within the systems to improve related fields. Both Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) have indexed the previously examined body of work in their respective databases. This review is going to be divided into three different themes: (1) health, (2) education, and (3) other fields. This paper aims to analyse the existing data or outcomes via analysis, categorization, comparison, and summary. It also may uncover research gaps and explore field possibilities. This review included English-language research and literature from 2022. This study summarises current approaches of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in leading behavioural change from different fields of literature.

This study examines the usage patterns of social networking sites among Malaysian youths and their Anxiety/Uncertainty Management levels. According to the anxiety and uncertainty management theory, members of a group should be cooperative, trustworthy, tolerant of diversity, and happy in order to affect their membership attitude and behavior. These days, youth choose to spend their time on social networking sites since they provide an effective virtual community platform for communication. Malaysian youths exhibit a nuanced understanding of personal and social identity, motivation to interact, reactions to others, social categorizations, situational processes, connection to others, ethical interactions, and overall communication effectiveness. This study surveyed 600 respondents, the findings highlight a deep-rooted integration of digital communication into the daily lives of Malaysian youths, with a significant majority having extensive experience of 11 to 20 years on SNS platforms. SNS platforms significantly reduced communication uncertainty, fostering positive relationships and smoother communication through active, passive, and interactive strategies. Locality plays a crucial role in anxiety and uncertainty management, with rural youths demonstrating better management compared to their urban counterparts, attributed to stronger social cohesion, tighter networks, and communal lifestyles. The study suggests that addressing anxiety and uncertainty can improve communication quality in virtual settings, particularly in rural areas. Social media can promote cultural integration and acceptance among diverse groups. A balanced approach to communication, emphasizing ethical interactions, can maximize its benefits. The findings can be used to design targeted interventions and promote positive digital engagement practices among Malaysian youths. Keywords: Virtual community, social networking sites, anxiety and uncertainty management, effective communication, digital communication.

Traditional bullying is characterized by physical, verbal, and interpersonal aggression. With the rapid development of information and communication technology, bullying has extended to cyberspace, where it is known as cyberbullying. The increasing prevalence of cyberbullying has attracted the attention of scholars around the world, and a number of researchers have employed the phenomenological approach to explore its nature. The purpose of this systematic literature review is to identify and bridge gaps in themes, data collection strategies, research subjects and regions in research on cyberbullying that adopts a phenomenological approach. The PRISMA systematic review method is adopted to review 19 papers retrieved from the Scopus, Google Scholar and Dimensions databases. Only original research journal articles and theses, which were published by the end of 2020, in English, and on cyberbullying using qualitative research method by phenomenological approach, were included in this systematic review. The Prediction Study Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) was adopted to appraise the quality of the reviewed articles. From the review’s quantitative and qualitative (content analysis) synthesis, eight themes, two major data collection strategies, seven groups of research subjects and six research regions emerge. The major limitation is that this study focuses on research on cyberbullying that uses the phenomenological approach, to the exclusion of other qualitative research approaches and quantitative research methods. It is recommended that future studies should broaden the parameters and scope of research on cyberbullying to pursue a more comprehensive review study. Keywords: Cyberbullying, research on cyberbullying, phenomenological approach, PRISMA, systematic literature review. https://doi.org/10.17576/JKMJC-2023-3904-30

Social networking sites (SNSs) serve as a powerful tool for international students to adapt to the host country and improve life satisfaction. However, the use of SNSs also brings negative influences on their life satisfaction. Additionally, the mechanisms by which this occurs are still unclear. This study employed an online cross-sectional survey of 267 Chinese students in Malaysia to explore the relationship between SNSs usage (usage engagement and acculturation usage) and life satisfaction by considering the mediating effect of host cultural identity and ethnic cultural identity. Data analysis relied on Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and AMOS software. The findings showed that SNSs usage engagement and two cultural identities helped to improve life satisfaction. Moreover, two cultural identities can explain how SNSs usage engagement influences life satisfaction. Contrary to expectations, acculturation usage had a non-significant influence on life satisfaction. However, under the mediating effect of host cultural identity, acculturation usage positively predicted life satisfaction. The research can provide references for the Malaysian government and educational institutions when introducing relevant policies to promote the life satisfaction of international students. The shortcomings and possibilities for future research are also discussed.