Glochidpurnoids A and B (1 and 2), two new coumaroyl or feruloyl oleananes, along with 17 known triterpenoids (3–19) were obtained from the stems and twigs of Glochidion puberum. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data analyses, chemical methods, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. All compounds were screened for cytotoxicity against the colorectal cancer cell line HCT-116, and 2, 3, 5, 6, 11, and 17 showed remarkable inhibitory activities (IC₅₀: 0.80–2.99 μM), being more active than the positive control 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The mechanistic study of 2, the most potent compound, showed that it could induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis and improve the sensitivity of HCT-116 cells to 5-FU.

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), recognized as a medical biomaterial, have been proven to promote cell proliferation and tissue repair. PHA has a variety of forms: PHB, PHV, PHHx, and PHBHHx, etc. In this study, PHBHHx was selected as the precursor to fabricate biopolyester films. Specifically, a novel type of biopolyester film was generated through an ammonolysis cross-linking reaction in conjunction with polyamidoamine dendrimer G2.0 (PAMAM). The properties of the resultant biopolyester films were comprehensively evaluated, encompassing surface characteristics, amino group content, and water contact angle. The drug-loading properties and compatibility with osteoblasts of the biopolyester films were also determined. The findings revealed that following aminolysis, the biopolyester film surface exhibited enhanced roughness and an enlarged surface area. Moreover, as the aminolysis duration extended, the hydrophilicity and drug-loading efficiency were significantly augmented. Post-aminolysis, the PHBHHx membrane exhibited a more favorable environment for the adhesion and proliferation of osteoblasts. Overall, the biopolyester film developed in this study provides novel insights and materials for tissue engineering, especially bone tissue repair.

The medicinal plant Phyllanthus emblica Linn. has been recognized for its health‐beneficial properties and has a long history of cultivation in ancient China and India. However, its effects and main mechanism in high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced metabolic syndrome (MetS) have not been revealed yet. According to our findings, emblica fruit powder (EFP) through the freeze‐drying process was able to modulate the composition of the intestinal microbiota, with a significant increase in the beneficial bacteria genera Lactobacillus and Turicibacter. In addition, fecal metabolite profiling revealed that 20 metabolites were deferentially expressed, which were mainly organic acids, amino acids, and their derivatives. They are primarily enriched in the biological process of lipid metabolism, including the metabolism process of cholic acid, glycerophospholipid, and α‐linoleic acid. Subsequent qPCR testing of the liver tissue suggested that the regulatory effects of EFP in HFD mice may stem from its influence on the expression levels of over 20 key genes involved in host metabolic processes. In conclusion, EFP is able to alleviate the MetS caused by HFD, and this positive impact may be partially through the regulation of the “gut‐liver axis.” Consequently, EFP holds potential as a functional food ingredient for the prevention and management of MetS.