Apart from wind potential, there are many other spatial factors which impact the possible implementation of wind farm projects. The spatial advantages and limitations of these factors can be used as criteria for selecting the most suitable location for a potential wind farm. The specific method for evaluating wind farm locations in this paper is novel because of its choice of spatial criteria and its two-stage evaluation procedure. The first stage involves the elimination of unfavorable areas for locating a wind farm, based on elimination criteria, using GIS. The second stage is the selection of the most suitable wind farm location using the PROMETHEE method. This is based on the multi-criteria evaluation of locations according to different weight categories and scenarios. The results are then multiplied based on which decision-making subjects can make appropriate decisions. The results indicate that the method presented has a universal character in terms of its application. However, its specifics in terms of quantitative statements for the individual spatial criteria used in the evaluation depend on the specifics of national and international regulations, the area in question and the particular project. By integrating the spatial criteria with the relevant legislation, this method has potential for global application. It aims towards systematicity, efficiency, simplicity and reliability in decision-making. In this way, potential conflicts and risks for investors and other users of the space are prevented in the earliest development phase of a wind farm project.

Although wind farms have an undeniable beneficial impact on the environment, certain negative environmental implications do appear as a consequence of their operation. One of them is the production of noise. The wind farm noise values decrease with distance, so that at a certain point they are within the legally prescribed limits. This is the case for individual wind farms noise impact assessments. However, with two or more wind farms in the same area, there is a superposition of noise and a consequential change in the noise value. The focus of the paper is on the results of modeling noise propagation in space in the case of the cumulative impact of two neighboring wind farms. The results are modeled during the process of strategically assessing the environment so as to determine territorial impacts and make informed decisions about future development. The paper presents the strategic answer to the model of the spatial propagation of noise in cases of cumulative impact with a view to including the preventive protection principle in the planning of several adjacent wind farms.

Changes in the trends, distribution and structures of the population identified through censuses (such as the changes in total population, gender, educational, age and other structures) are crucial for understanding spatial phenomena and processes like urbanization. Numerous urban geography studies researching the development of systems of settlements in former Yugoslavia, which carried on in Serbia, were the foundation for a singular theoretical and methodological framework for researching spatial phenomena and processes focused precisely on the understanding of dynamic changes in the structures of the population and their territorial manifestation. Other than in scientific research, this approach found direct application in spatial and urban planning, when defining the measures directing demographic development, arrangement of urban functions, formation of a system of settlements, planning infrastructure development, etc. More recently, this theoretical and methodological framework was enhanced using GIS technologies, which allow for the integration of spatial and statistical data and provide for a powerful analytical tool. Data integration has spurred new research on the correlation between demographic and spatial phenomena and the mutual relationships and influences between spatial and demographic development. This paper presents an overview of existing research on the mutual influence between population development trends and spatial changes manifest through the fluctuations in the intensity of built-up areas, population density, infrastructure development, etc. A model of population distribution was created by using selected census statistical data and correlating them with phenomena in actual geospace. Emphasis is placed on the significance of using this and similar models in further research on the population?s impact on the environment, directing economic development, protection in emergency situations, and numerous other areas.

Spatial plans for special purpose areas for natural resources are one of the main instruments for their protection and development, and significant results have been achieved in spatial planning practice in Serbia in recent years. The main purpose of this research is to consider a methodological framework for drawing up integrated plans enabling protection and development in areas of natural resources. The results of a comparative analysis are presented through a case study of four spatial plans: for the Kopaonik and Djerdap national parks and for the Stara Planina Mountain and Radan Mountain nature parks. The representation of the elements and models of implementation in the plans was considered. The main conclusion of this paper is that the integrated planning for the protection and development of natural resource areas in spatial plans is satisfactory, primarily in terms of the relativization of conflicts, though monitoring the implementation of the plans can be further improved.

The potential accessibility has been widely represented in the scientific literature since the 1950s and in the work of Hansen. Until today, different sets of measures have been developed for evaluating it in different scientific areas such as transport infrastructure, land use planning, regional development, and others. In the Serbian scientific literature, this concept received limited attention, so this paper represents a new contribution to the field of managing territorial development within spatial planning. The main aim of this research is to view the sustainable territorial development of the Republic of Serbia from a new perspective, which combines demographic and socioeconomic indicators with infrastructure development. Considering that, the potential accessibility to the population of local self-government centers index was calculated at the settlement level. This approach corresponds with demographic and economic trends in Serbia that are present in recent decades and some newer analyses in the scientific and professional literature regarding processes within the Serbian urban system. Findings from this research can make a significant contribution to further understanding of Serbian urban system patterns and sustainable territorial development.