When 42 cases of primary dissociative states from India were classified according to DSM–III–R and ICD–10 criteria, DSM–III–R was found to be unsatisfactory, with 40 (95.2%) cases receiving a diagnosis of dissociative disorder not otherwise specified. The majority fit well into simple dissociative and possession disorders. ICD–10 was found to be more satisfactory, with 36 (85.5%) patients fitting into specific subcategories, which, however, need to be defined and described more explicitly.

Background: In the 21st century, people still use solid fuel for cooking at home, resulting in poor indoor air quality. Prolonged exposure to such conditions may negatively affect one’s cognitive function. So, the present study examines the possible association between IAP and the cognitive function of individuals aged 45 years or above in India. Methods: The study utilizes secondary data, procured from the longitudinal ageing study in India (2017-18). Treatment effects through regression-adjusted models were applied to represent the association between IAP and cognitive health and the results are represented by beta coefficient (β). Three separate models with a 95% confidence interval adjusting with the other factors like housing environment, individual and behavioural were framed. Results: The study revealed that households without a separate kitchen (β = -0.64; 95%CI: -0.90 to -0.39) and electricity (β = -0.97; 95%CI: -1.34 to -0.61) significantly affect cognitive strength. Cognitive decline is likely more pronounced among older adults (β = -1.19; 95%CI: -1.42 to -0.96) than the middle-aged population. Moreover, the cognitive ability of rural residents (β = -1.11; 95%CI: -1.49 to -0.73) and women (β = -2.05; 95%CI: -2.29 to -1.81) is negatively associated with IAP exposure. Older adults with no reading habits (β = -6.28; 95%CI: -6.72; to -5.85) and physical inactivity (β = -0.96; 95%CI: -1.22 to -0.70) had a sign of notable decline in cognitive ability. Conclusions: Findings revealed that cognitive function is negatively associated with IAP, demanding a deep intervention plan to minimize the detrimental effect.

Geriatric depression is one of the most common mental disorders globally. The relationship between social participation and having depressive disorders can be considered as reciprocal. The main aim of this present study was systemizing the evidences on the influence of social non-participation on depression among older adults. Systematic review specifically Meta-analysis was performed to show the adverse impact of social non-participation on depression among the older adults. Maintaining all the inclusion and exclusion criteria required for this systematic review, empirical studies conducted within the last decade only investigating the association between social non-participation and depression were retrieved and summarized. Database searches were performed in Scopus, PubMed, Medline, Google scholar, Web of Science, SocINDEX, PsycINFO and ProQuest platforms. A total number of 10 studies were added to conduct meta-analysis. Majority of the studies (6) examined that the older people who did not participate socially had more likelihood of getting depressed. The average effect size across all studies using random effects model was found as OR-2.07 [95% CI: 1.49–2.65] which suggested that the older people having no social participation were 2.07 times more likely of becoming depressed than those participated in social events. As with increasing ages, different health issue arises and social isolation increases; effective social gerontological interventions are required for achieving better mental health of older people. Future research should include long-term follow up and repeated measures to longitudinally investigate the effect of social participation on geriatric depression.

Background: Reproductive span is the foundation of every woman’s health in later life. India is currently facing a growing burden of multiple morbidities among the women in their reproductive age group which may further increase over the coming decades. The purpose of the present study aimed to identify different modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors affecting multimorbidity among the women in reproductive age group in Indian context. Methods: Secondary data were obtained from the Demography and Health Survey (DHS), conducted in India during 2019–2021. A total of 671,967 women aged 15–49 years were selected for this present study. Descriptive, association studies and multinominal logistic regression analyses were performed to accomplish the objectives. Results: Currently, 6.3% of total study participant’s reproductive age group women suffered from multimorbidity in India. Never consuming protein, fruits, vegetables and milk increase the chances of developing multimorbidity. Consumption of fried foods, aerated drinks and addiction towards tobacco and alcohol also has a greater influence on the prevalence of multimorbidity. The prevalence of multimorbidity is sharply increased with increasing age and Body Mass Index (BMI). Regionally, the prevalence of multimorbidity was found more among the women hailed from eastern and north-eastern India. Conclusion: To reduce the risk of developing multimorbidity, targeted interventions are needed in the form of educating every woman concerning the importance of having minimum health-related knowledge, maintaining healthy lifestyle, weight management and having proper and balanced diet.