• Three management strategies (open corral, semi-open shed, cria body vest) were investigated in the Andes mountains of Perú for their impact on alpaca cria survival and body weight gain. • The use of a cria body vest as a protection strategy for alpaca neonates improved survival to 12 weeks of age (100%) and improved cria body weight gain (0.17 kg / d) compared with a semi-open shed (76% survival; 0.14 kg/d) or an open corral (64% survival; 0.13 kd/d). Sex of the cria did not influence cria survival or body weight gain. • Results of this study are useful because the use of a cria body vest can be implemented and semi-open sheds can be redesigned to improve survival and growth rate of crias reared in harsh environments.

Criterios de Interpretación para California Mastitis Test en el Diagnóstico de Mastitis Subclínica en Bovinos

In this case report, we report for first the time the presence of porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) in Peru (October 2019) and Latin America, and we present a control and eradication program using feedback (exposure)/controlled homogenization in a pig farm. This farm is located in the eastern jungle of Peru. Initially, clinical signs that appeared to be infectious diarrhea were detected, but the disease rapidly progressed to green diarrhea, vomiting, and increased mortality in piglets. These symptoms were compatible with those produced by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and transmissible gastroenteritis virus, but also with PDCoV. Because the disease could not be diagnosed by clinical signs and symptoms, analysis by real-time polymerase chain reaction was used. Implementation of a feedback/controlled homogenization program was quickly planned, accompanied by the closure of the farm, animal and farm health strategies, and its respective monitoring. At the farm level, between 1 and 9 weeks after application of the program, the samples were positive for PDCoV, but at week 10, they were negative. At week 12, the weaned and fattening piglets gradually became populated as negative animals. In the follow-up before the opening of the farm, all the piglets were negative. In the final verification, gilts (week 35) entered the breeding area as replacements only after being tested negative for PDCoV. A rigorous feedback/controlled homogenization program and complementary measures led to eradicating PDCoV from the farm.

Con el objeto de estimar cinco características tecnológicas de la fibra de alpaca Huacaya color blanco en una comunidad de la zona altoandina de Apurímac, Perú, se evaluaron 405 muestras tomadas de la zona media del costillar, previa a la esquila. Las variables estudiadas fueron: media del diámetro de fibra (MDF), coeficiente de variación del diámetro de la fibra (CVDF), índice de confort (IC), índice de curvatura (ICur) y finura al hilado (FiHi), según sexo y grupo etario de acuerdo a la dentadura (DL=Dientes de leche; 2D=2 dientes; 4D=4 dientes; BLL=boca llena). La MDF para machos y hembras fue de 19.6 y 20.1 µm, respectivamente (p<0.05), donde los valores amentaron con la edad (p<0.05). No hubo diferencias en el CVDF por sexos ni entre grupos etarios. El IC fue de 96.8% en machos y 95.5% en hembras (p<0.05), disminuyendo conforme aumenta la edad (p<0.05). El ICur fue similar entre sexos y la diferencia entre edades solo se aprecia entre DL con 4D y BLL (p<0.05). La FiHi fue diferente entre sexos (p<0.05) y entre los grupos etarios DL y BLL (p<0.05). Se encontraron relaciones significativas positivas entre MDF con FiHi y IC con ICur y negativas entre MDF con IC, MDF con ICur, IC con FiHi, ICur con FiHi e ICur con CVDF. Los resultados indican que en esta zona del país existen alpacas con buen potencial en calidad de fibra.

A study was carried out to determine the metabolizable energy (ME) and net energy (NE) of corn, wheat by-product, soybean meal, fishmeal, and soybean oil in poultry. 190 male chickens were used, distributed in six experimental diets (basal (B), B + corn (40%), B + wheat by-product (40%), B + soybean meal (30%), B + fish meal (30%), B + soybean oil (10%) with three feeding levels (ad libitum (AL), 85% AL and 70% AL). ME was determined by the total collection method of excreta and NE by the comparative slaughter method, the chickens received the experimental diets from 7 to 21 days of age, the excreta were collected every 24 hours (day 19 to 21). For NE, the energy retained and heat production were determined (7 and 21 days) The ME and NE of corn, wheat by-product, soybean meal, fishmeal and soybean oil was 3734, 2197, 2477, 3289, 8767 kcal / kg DM and 2527, 1598, 1417, 1837, 7550 kcal / kg DM respectively, the NE: ME ratio was higher with soybean oil compared to other feed ingredients.

El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la composición química y la degradabilidad ruminal de la materia seca (MS) y proteína cruda (PC) del pisonay (Erythrina falcata) a los 105, 120 y 135 días de rebrote. Se tomaron muestras de hojas y peciolo, se secaron y se colocaron 8 g de muestra molida por bolsa de nylon en el rumen de tres chivatos machos adultos por 0, 24, 48 y 72 horas. Los valores de MS y PC fueron 24.4 y 21.4% a los 105, 24.8 y 23.2% a los 120 y, 27.2 y 24.4% a los 135 días, respectivamente. La degradabilidad ruminal de la fracción insoluble potencialmente degradable de MS y PC fue 29.6 y 42.9% a los 105, 24.3 y 31.4% a los 120 y, 14.9 y 24.1% a los 135 días, respectivamente, y la degradabilidad efectiva de MS y PC fue 41.3 y 41.2% a los 105, 36.5 y 30.3% a los 120 y, 32.3 y 30.5% a los 135 días, respectivamente. El estudio demuestra que el follaje E. falcata a los 105 días de crecimiento posee una mayor ventaja proteica para los caprinos.