Aim: To investigate predictors of nurses' reporting behaviours and their reasons for not formally reporting.Background: Underreporting of workplace violence (WPV) among nurses contributes to gaps in WPV prevention measures, as it cannot be fully understood. WPV is classified according to its source (Type II: patients and visitors, Type III: coworkers) and forms (physical assault, threat of assault, emotional abuse, verbal sexual harassment and sexual assault).Design: This is a secondary analysis of cross‐sectional survey data collected in 2019 from British Columbia (BC), Canada.Methods: This study had a sample of 4109 BC nurses. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyse predictors of reporting behaviours. Reasons for not reporting were analysed descriptively.Results: Informal reporting to management or through a patient safety incident report was less likely when nurses experienced threat of assault, emotional abuse and verbal sexual harassment from both Type II and III sources and physical assault from Type III sources. Higher perceptions of WPV prevention efforts increased odds of informal and formal reporting through employee incident procedures. Believing that nothing would change after reporting remained among the top three reasons for not formally reporting across all WPV sources and forms. Nurses also commonly selected not knowing the formal process, lack of leadership support and other reasons stated in an open‐text response.Conclusion: Findings indicate that nurses in BC, Canada, perceive many barriers to formal WPV reporting. Formal reporting systems should address these barriers so that healthcare organisations can effectively track WPV and have data to inform WPV prevention measures.Implications: To promote WPV reporting, healthcare organisations need multifaceted interventions including confidential and simplified reporting systems, leadership support to follow‐up with nurses and education and training on reporting systems.Reporting Method: The authors of this manuscript have adhered to the relevant EQUATOR guidelines based on the STROBE cross‐sectional reporting method.Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution.

Background: Nurses experience an alarming rate of violence in the workplace. While previous work has indicated that working conditions play an important role in workplace violence outcomes, these studies have not used comprehensive and systematically operationalized variables. Methods: Through cross-sectional survey responses from 4066 British Columbian nurses, we identified which of the 13 psychosocial factors, as outlined in the National Standard of Psychological Workplace Health and Safety, are most predictive of workplace violence perpetrated against nurses by patients and their visitors (Type II violence) and organizational employees (Type III violence). Results: Eighty-seven percent of respondents indicated that they had experienced Type II violence, whereas 48% indicated they had experienced Type III violence over the last year. Lack of physical safety, workload management, and psychological protection were the top three psychosocial factors in the workplace predictive of Type II violence, whereas lack of civility and respect, organizational culture, and psychological support were the top three factors associated with Type III violence. Conclusions: The findings in this study shed light on the distinct psychosocial factors in the workplace in need of investment and intervention to address Type II and III violence.

With Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools becoming increasingly commonplace, the usage of AI-enabled tools in education has also grown. AI-enabled tools refer to machines incorporated with human-like capabilities, such as reasoning, interpretation, and problem-solving, to perform tasks that require human intelligence. ChatGPT is one of these tools, which uses large language models (LLM), a type of AI that generates natural language, to give human-like answers to questions. This study investigated nursing students’ perspectives on AI-enabled tools, such as ChatGPT, aiming to identify (1) perceived benefits and challenges and (2) implications for the ethical and responsible use of AI within undergraduate nursing programs. Using interpretive description, we conducted focus group interviews with undergraduate nursing students. Through convenience sampling, sixteen students were recruited. Our findings revealed four key themes - utilization as a support tool, utilization leading to a loss of competency in foundational skills, utilization risking credibility and academic integrity, and the need for further education and resources. Three key factors – evidence-based practice, ethical considerations, and the importance of critical thinking skills – influence nursing students’ perspectives toward AI tools. To ensure the safe and ethical use of AI in academia, robust institutional policies and training are needed. Promoting open dialogues and education can help students understand AI's advantages, potential harms, and risk mitigation strategies. Future research should build a comprehensive understanding of the perspectives of undergraduate and graduate nursing students, and educators on AI usage in academia. Development of interventions that mitigate AI-usage risks is also necessary to improve integration into education.

Aims: Mitral valve transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) is a minimally invasive treatment option for patients with severe symptomatic mitral regurgitation who are at increased risk for cardiac surgery and are receiving optimal medical therapy. Little is known about patients’ perspectives on their journey of care, including their experiences leading up to treatment and their early recovery period. The aim of this study was to explore patients’ experiences of their journey to TEER and their perspectives on early recovery. Methods and results: We conducted a qualitative study using interpretive description. A purposive sample of 12 patients from a purposive sample, 3–6 monthspost-TEER procedure, were recruited from a tertiary hospital. The median age of the patients was 79 years, with seven males and five females. Data collection included semi-structured interviews over the phone. Data analysis followed an iterative process and utilized thematic analysis. There were four central themes highlighting the experiences of the patients leading up to their procedure: (i) escalating challenges with everyday life; (ii) plummeting losses; (iii) choosing and readiness to proceed with TEER; and (iv) the long and uncertain waiting time. The theme-improved health status highlights the experiences of patients in their early recovery. Conclusion: Patients’ experiences of waiting for TEER are complex and involve multifaceted challenges related to their worsening cardiac symptoms and navigating the healthcare system. Therefore, care pathways must be put in place to provide continuity of care and support.

Aim: To examine (a) ‘on‐the‐spot’ experiences, (b) contributing factors and (c) warning signs of patient‐initiated workplace violence (WPV) from the perspectives of healthcare worker (HCW) victims and witnesses in emergency departments. Design: A qualitative interpretive description study. Methods: Data from in‐depth semi‐structured virtual interviews conducted from June to September 2023 with purposefully selected HCW victims and witnesses ( n = 19), and incident reports ( n = 47) from the Workplace Health Indicator Tracking and Evaluation database of two emergency departments in British Columbia, Canada, were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Participants reported (1) physical assault, (2) threats of physical assault, (3) emotional/verbal violence and (4) threats of sexual assault. Contributing factors to patient‐initiated WPV encompassed three main themes and their subthemes: (1) the context of the care environment (care provision and unit flow, staffing shortages and wait times, patient needs being beyond what can be delivered); (2) the context of the patient (patients' physiological and psychological states, patients not having the ‘benefit of our perspectives’ and patients' previous experiences of losing freedom and experiencing violence); and (3) the context of the healthcare provider (healthcare provider education and interactions with patients). While not all patients demonstrated warning signs before exhibiting aggression, those who did, most commonly showed signs such as being irritable and/or avoiding eye contact or answering questions. Conclusion: Findings emphasised an urgent need for patient‐centred, trauma informed and team‐based care approaches and training programmes. Impact: While there is extensive body of evidence on patient‐initiated WPV in relation to its prevalence, antecedents and consequences, there remains a gap in our understandings of contributing factors, and early warning signs. Through understanding the experiences of HCW victims and/or witnesses of ‘on‐the‐spot’ experiences and experiences leading up to aggression and violence, this study revealed further understandings of contributing factors and early warnings sings of patient‐initiated WPV. Patient‐initiated WPV in emergency departments involve multifaceted risk factors at the system, environmental, patient and healthcare provider levels and their mitigation require the adoption of patient‐centred care, trauma informed care and team based care. Reporting Method: The COREQ guidelines for qualitative research were used. Patient/Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution.