In this study, a fully three-dimensional CFD analysis and multi-phase flow phenomena, has been successfully implemented for simulation of hydrodynamic journal bearing considering the realistic deformations of the bearing with Fluid Structure Interactions (FSI) along with cavitation. Mixture model is used to model cavitation in the bearing and parametric modelling is used for modifying the flow domain due to deformation. Both systems are coupled and design optimization based on multi objective genetic algorithm (MOGA), is used to obtain optimized solution of the attitude angle and eccentricity for the combination of operating speed and load. In the study of bearings with and without effects of cavitation, it is observed that maximum pressure values drop when cavitation is considered in the bearing. Also there is decrease in maximum pressure when elastic deformation in the bearing is considered. The oil vapour distribution goes on increasing with the increase in shaft speed, thus lowering the magnitude of the pressure build up in the bearing. Multiphase study of bearings with cavitation hence becomes extremely important in case of bearings operating with higher speeds. The experimental data obtained showed very good agreements with numerical results and considerable reduction in computation time is observed

This work focusses on a novel technique of producing bioethanol from fermented pomegranate fruits waste by using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, commonly known as baker's yeast. Four different blends of bioethanol, namely PE10, PE15, PE20, and PE25 were experimented at various operating speeds. It was inferred that the addition of ethanol enhanced the consumption of fuel as well as braking capacity. However, thermal performance was observed to be declined. PE15 blend exhibited optimum brake thermal efficiency at full load condition when compared with unleaded fuel. Brake specific fuel consumption of PE15 was noticed to be lower at different operating speeds among all the blends. Oxides of nitrogen as well as carbon dioxide emissions were increased as the proportion of ethanol in pure fuel was increased. Hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions were reduced, while increasing the ratio of ethanol relative to pure gasoline, except PE10 blend. The combustion characteristics were also studied. Lower value of coefficient of variation revealed stable combustion. This study conclude that PE15 can be used as an alternative fuel.

In this work, hydrodynamic journal bearing are simulated considering the realistic deformations of the bearing with fluid structure interactions (FSI) coupled with CFD. Mixture model is used model cavitation in the bearing. Parametric modeling is used to modify the flow domain due to deformation. Both systems are coupled and multi objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) is used to get optimized solution of the attitude angle and eccentricity for the combination of operating speed and load. Bearings with and without cavitation are studied. It is observed that maximum pressure values drop when cavitation is considered in the bearing. The oil vapour distribution goes on increasing with the increase in shaft speed thus lowering the magnitude of the pressure build up in the bearing. The experimental data obtained showed very good agreements with numerical results. Considerable reduction in computation time is observed.