Heritage education is configured as an ideal framework for the treatment of socio-environmental problems relevant to modern society. To this end, it is essential that teachers can develop proposals in the classroom that promote critical thinking and the eco-social education of their students, based on innovative and experiential methodologies. For this reason, initial teacher training must ensure that future teachers acquire these innovative tools. Thus, the aim of this work is to identify the conceptions of student teachers in initial teacher training regarding gamification as a teaching methodology to address controversial heritage. To achieve this, a questionnaire has been designed with questions about heritage, controversy, and educational gamification, which was given to 235 students (M = 60; F = 175) taking their primary education degrees at different Spanish universities. To guide the design of the research instrument and analyze the results, a system of categories was developed and the SPSS data processing program was used. The first results show that, even though students in initial teacher training think that they do have a predisposition to use gamification to work around controversial heritage in class, they lack the knowledge of methodological strategies and gamified educational activities, which suggests a dearth of training on these issues in the primary education degree courses.

Esta investigación es una primera aproximación al estudio de concepciones de docentes de Educación Primaria sobre el juego de rol en la enseñanza del patrimonio. Para ello se ha procedido a aplicar un cuestionario a los docentes de Huelva capital con el fin de establecer modelos didácticos en relación con la enseñanza del patrimonio a través de los juegos de rol. Después, profundizamos en sus concepciones y prácticas a través de una entrevista a docentes con perfiles didácticos diferentes. Finalmente, analizamos los datos obtenidos, apoyándonos en los descriptores de nuestro sistema de categorías y siguiendo nuestra hipótesis de progresión. Entre los principales resultados de este estudio destacamos que los docentes valoran la educación patrimonial y la relevancia del uso del juego de rol como herramienta significativa para la enseñanza del patrimonio, a pesar de que no lo utilicen en la práctica de su enseñanza.

This chapter includes an approach to several concepts of current relevance, such as controversial issues, ecosocial education and citizenship education because heritage education is the ideal framework to develop educational experiences for the initial training of Social Sciences teachers, and specifically of History, that integrate controversial heritages for the education of a critical, participative and democratic eco-citizenship. Based on the review of these concepts, implications for teacher training are established, in the form of examples from the different perspectives of controversial heritages, as a proposal for the teaching of history. The review addresses the basic criteria that allow the design of didactic proposals which, through heritage and based on innovative, interactive, dynamic and participatory visions, link the experimentation of good educational practices with initial teacher training in order to approach eco-citizenship education through the analysis of socio-environmental problems and controversial issues of the past and present and their possible future projections.

This work is based on the need to implement, from the early stages of education, didactic proposals that promote the development of reflective and critical thinking and the analysis of the cultural manifestations of their community from the principles of social justice and equality. Thus, this study presents the results of an educational experience of heritage education from a gender perspective developed in the 4-year level of the second cycle of Early Childhood Education in a compensatory education centre in the province of Almeria. Through the use of different instruments for collecting information, such as a semi-structured group interview and free drawing by the students, we have tried to find out the conceptual and emotional change of the students in relation to flamenco and the gender stereotypes and roles present in this cultural phenomenon before and after the development of different activities as a first approach to the subject. In order to analyse the information, a qualitative category system has been used, giving as first results that students have ingrained sexist ideas from an early age, finding slight but significant changes towards the deconstruction of stereotypes and gender roles if heritage is worked on from a gender perspective in the classroom.

Este estudio parte de las premisas teóricas establecidas en el Proyecto EPITEC2 en el marco de la educación patrimonial. De acuerdo con el potencial educativo de los patrimonios controversiales, surgidos del tratamiento de temas polémicos en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje del patrimonio, se ha pretendido realizar un diagnóstico delimitando y comparando problemáticas socioambientales y patrimoniales que intervienen en la formación inicial docente de las universidades de Huelva y Santiago de Compostela. Los participantes son estudiantes y docentes de Didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales del Grado en Educación Primaria. Se aplica un enfoque mixto: cuestionario (196) y grupos de discusión (24). La información fue analizada con el software SPSS de forma cuantitativa y el software ATLAS.ti de forma cualitativa, siguiendo los criterios de un sistema de categorías que permitió clasificar los problemas socioambientales relevantes y los patrimonios controversiales que se abordaron en las respuestas a las preguntas realizadas en ambos instrumentos. Los datos revelan que los estudiantes poseen una concepción tradicional del patrimonio, reconocen su dimensión controversial y muestran mayoritariamente preocupación por la violencia de género y el maltrato animal que coexisten en algunos patrimonios. Asimismo, se ha podido identificar que, tanto a este grupo como a sus formadores que trabajan conflictos en las aulas, les preocupa mayoritariamente la violencia de género, las desigualdades o la memoria histórica a escala local. El estudio aporta, como hallazgo en las conclusiones, una nueva subcategoría de análisis de los patrimonios controversiales, a partir de la visión y posicionamiento que cualquier sujeto puede desplegar ante estos elementos, transitando desde el negacionismo al compromiso ecosocial sobre la controversia.