The authors present a review of publications in the scientific and medical literature on modern concepts of mechanisms of low-level laser biostimulating effects at the human body, at microvasculature chains and lymphoid organs. The main aspect of microcirculation photoactivation is the process of microcirculation reconstruction which leads to prolonged improvement in tissue trophism. There are three processes in the basement of biostimulating effect of low-level laser light in the red and near infrared spectral regions at microcirculation: hemomicrocirculation enhancement, activation of capillary neovascularization, lymphocorrection effects at the structure and functional activity of lymphoid organs.

The study employs laser doppler flowmetry and laser fluorescence spectroscopy to reveal the changes in microcirculation and activity of coenzymes of oxidative metabolism in the finger skin under the influence of photobiostimulation by monochrome incoherent low-intensity electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 470 nm. Photobiostimulation with light waves in the blue range has contributed to an increase in hemomicrocirculation during and 15 min after the termination of exposure, while the indicator lymph outflow, on the contrary, decreased during the irradiation period and recovered after its termination. The dynamics of changes within the parameters of blood microcirculation, the lymph flow in microvessels and the indicators of oxidative metabolism showed that the skin microcirculation system is an important acceptor of the photobiostimulating effect of light in the blue range of the spectrum. Photobiostimulation triggers the mechanism of activation of hemomicrocirculation by reducing myogenic vasomotion, thereby increasing the conductivity of cardiogenic biorhythm in the vessels of the microcirculatory bed. With an increase in the level of hemomicrocirculation, photobiostimulation is directly associated with the activation of tissue oxidative metabolism.