All plant parts of the Moringa oleifera can contain relevant concentrations of phytochemicals with health benefits. Plants grown in vitro allow pathogen-free plant material production and rapid propagation, and this technique is widely used to obtain secondary metabolites. This study analyzed how light spectrum quality affects growth, chlorophyll, and total phenolic content in M. oleifera plants grown in vitro. M. oleifera seeds were inoculated in MS medium supplemented with 3% sucrose and 0.7% agar and were stored under a controlled temperature, humidity and photoperiod. The light conditions tested were white fluorescent lamps (WFL) and light-emitting diodes (LED: 70% red + 30% blue), both standardized with a photon flux density of 58 μmol m-2s-1. Radiation emitted by WFL and LED did not influence stem germination, height, or diameter. However, WFL provided higher total chlorophyll levels. All plant parts germinated in vitro were analyzed via high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD), and preliminary analyses revealed preferential synthesis of gallic acid derivatives in the leaves under LED radiation. For the total phenolic content, leaves under the LED and WFL irradiations showed 3.524 ± 0.054 and 3.805 ± 0.304 micrograms, respectively, of gallic acid equivalents per milligram of dry matter (μg GAE mg-1 DM). Light quality did not interfere with phenolic compound accumulation; however, it stimulated the preferential synthesis of gallic acid derivatives in leaves grown under LED radiation, and the evidence indicated that all evaluated organs synthesized nonpolar substances.

Oral mucositis (OM) is one of the main adverse events observed during the treatment of neoplasms, especially in relation to head and neck (H&N) cancer. Complications, initially non-infectious of OM, can significantly compromise the chosen therapy, extend the hospitalization period and decrease the quality of life of patients with H&N cancer. Therefore, the present work presents a narrative review that gathers, presents and discusses studies on the relationship between the topical application of chamomile-based pharmaceutical products and the treatment of oral mucositis, with an emphasis on its effectiveness. A literature search was conducted in August 2021 using PubMed, Scielo and LILACS. From literature search was identified 869 papers, of which 06 were selected to answer the guiding question of this study. Finally, it could be seen that chamomile has great potential to help manage OM, as well as other oral complications, especially in cases of patients undergoing H&N cancer treatments using radiotherapy. Furthermore, formulations containing chamomile have been shown to be effective in slowing the progression of OM grades. However, it is necessary to evaluate in each formulation, the possible impacts of each pharmaceutical adjuvant, as well as the adverse events capable of increasing pharmacotherapeutic adherence.

Celtis iguanaea, widely used in Brazilian folk medicine, is known for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. This study evaluated the in vitro antioxidant capacity and the in vivo antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of the standardized spray-dried Celtis iguanaea hydroethanolic leaf extract (SDCi). Phytochemical analysis showed that SDCi contains 21.78 ± 0.82 mg/g polyphenols, 49.69 ± 0.57 mg/g flavonoids, and 518.81 ± 18.02 mg/g phytosterols. UFLC-DAD-MS identified iridoid glycosides, p-coumaric acid glycosides, flavones, and unsaturated fatty acids. Antioxidant assays revealed an IC₅₀ of 301.6 ± 38.8 µg/mL for DPPH scavenging and an electrochemical index of 6.1 μA/V. In vivo, SDCi (100–1000 mg/kg, p.o) did not impair locomotor function (rotarod test) but significantly reduced acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing and both phases of the formalin test at higher doses (300 and 1000 mg/kg). The antinociceptive effects were independent of α-2 adrenergic receptors. SDCi also increased latency in the hot-plate test and reduced paw edema in the carrageenan model, accompanied by decreased IL-1β and increased IL-10 levels. Histological analysis showed a 50% reduction in inflammatory cell infiltration. These findings support SDCi as an effective anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive phytopharmaceutical intermediate, with potential applications in managing pain and inflammation.

Extratos vegetais dos diferentes Biomas brasileiros têm sido utilizados como fármacos naturais no tratamento de variadas doenças. Atualmente, nos deparamos com um problema mundial de saúde pública: a resistência microbiana à fármacos tradicionalmente empregados. A maioria das plantas superiores possuem compostos com ação antimicrobiana que as protegem de microrganismos invasores. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o potencial antimicrobiano de extratos vegetais de espécies coletadas na região de Divinópolis/MG. Obteve-se extratos hidroetanólicos de partes aéreas dos espécimes avaliados. Foram testados extratos de Bidens subalternans, Anadhenantera columbrina, Annona mucosa, Eugenia dysenteryca, Inga vera, Tecoma stans e Crotalaria stipularia. Para os bioensaios foram empregados os testes Disco-Difusão em ágar e CIM/CBM. Utilizaram-se os microorganismos de referência Escherichia coli ATCC 29214, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC43816, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048, Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC19606, Candida albicans ATCC18804 e Candida glabrata ATCC2001. Extratos de B.subalternans apresentaram efeito bactericida frente a E.coli e bacteriostático frente a A.baumanii e E.aerogenes. A. mucosa apresentou efeito bacteriostático frente a E.coli e E. dysenteryca e efeito bacterida frente a S.aureus. T.stans apresentou efeito bactericida frente a E.coli e bacteriostático em A.baumanii e E.aerogenes. Os extratos não apresentaram efeito antifúngico frente a C.albicans e C.glabrata. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo confirmam o grande potencial para o desenvolvimento de novos antimicrobianos baseados em extratos obtidos de partes aéreas de espécies vegetais da região de Divinópolis/MG.

In this study, short-term liquid nitrogen (LN) storage was used as a strategy to conserve Pyrostegia venusta embryos, and its effects on in vitro germination, phenotypic and biochemical characteristics, and in vitro secondary metabolite production were assessed. Embryos stored in LN for 1 and 7 days presented a higher germination rate and germination speed index compared to those of the control (non-cryostored embryos). Short-term LN storage also favored the phenotypic characteristics of seedlings. LN storage significantly affected the proteins (PTN), soluble sugar (SS) and reducing sugar (RS) contents, oxidative metabolism, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, as well as the total phenolic compound, flavonoid, phytosterol, and alkaloid levels in seedlings regenerated from embryos cryostored for 7 days. Benzoic acid derivatives and flavonoids were observed in regenerated non-acclimatized seedlings. LN storage did not affect the survival rate or phenotypic characteristics of seedlings during acclimatization. Acclimatization promoted significant changes in PTN, SS and RS contents, oxidative metabolism, and PAL activity in seedlings from embryos cryostored for 7 days. Roots from acclimatized seedlings exhibited the highest phenolic, phytosterol, and total alkaloid levels. Differences in the chromatographic profiles of the acclimatized seedlings compared with the non-acclimatized seedlings were observed. LN storage can be an effective means of ex situ conservation of P. venusta genetic resources.