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Hong-Sen Yan
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan

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Journal article
Published: 03 January 2019 in Applied Sciences
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A decade ago, electric vehicles (EV) made a boom in the automobile market, as they started to become a growing market section in the transportation space. The reasons behind the boom were to decrease environmental pollution by reducing the use of fossil fuels, lowering transportation operating costs, and increased general consumer interest in the new technology. This work generates a streamlined process for the design and simulation of motor transmissions with eight-link mechanisms. This procedure presents a wide range of motor transmissions such as 34 new clutchless systems and 34 new clutched systems. Two novel feasible motor transmissions of the design process are taken as a sample to dissect the working principle conjoined both power flow paths and operation modes. In addition, these designs are conducted for modeling and computer simulation procedures that obtain the results of the energy management strategy and operation mode variation.

ACS Style

Ngoc-Tan Hoang; Hong-Sen Yan. On the Innovation Design for Two-Motor Transmissions with Eight-Link Mechanisms in the Electric Vehicles. Applied Sciences 2019, 9, 140 .

AMA Style

Ngoc-Tan Hoang, Hong-Sen Yan. On the Innovation Design for Two-Motor Transmissions with Eight-Link Mechanisms in the Electric Vehicles. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9 (1):140.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ngoc-Tan Hoang; Hong-Sen Yan. 2019. "On the Innovation Design for Two-Motor Transmissions with Eight-Link Mechanisms in the Electric Vehicles." Applied Sciences 9, no. 1: 140.

Conference paper
Published: 12 December 2018 in The Machines of Leonardo da Vinci and Franz Reuleaux
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Zhan’s five wheels sand clock was a significant design of time-keeping device in China during the 14th century. With a sand wheel as the power source and four pairs of gears as the transmission system, it was able to indicate time by its hand on the clock dial. Although this invention is not preserved, an ancient literature provides a clear record of its mechanical structure of gear transmission with engineering data. This paper introduces the background of Zhan’s sand clock and presents a translation version of those descriptions of this device. Moreover, a mechanical analysis is made based on the engineering data provided in the original literature, and all relevant factors and mechanical design parameters about its power source are listed and discussed. Finally, the feasibility of Zhan’s sand clock is verified through a reconstruction design and prototype testing.

ACS Style

Y. H. Chen; Marco Ceccarelli; Hong-Sen Yan. Reconstruction and Analysis of Zhan’s Sand Clock in the 14th Century. The Machines of Leonardo da Vinci and Franz Reuleaux 2018, 123 -133.

AMA Style

Y. H. Chen, Marco Ceccarelli, Hong-Sen Yan. Reconstruction and Analysis of Zhan’s Sand Clock in the 14th Century. The Machines of Leonardo da Vinci and Franz Reuleaux. 2018; ():123-133.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Y. H. Chen; Marco Ceccarelli; Hong-Sen Yan. 2018. "Reconstruction and Analysis of Zhan’s Sand Clock in the 14th Century." The Machines of Leonardo da Vinci and Franz Reuleaux , no. : 123-133.

Journal article
Published: 26 October 2018 in Energies
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Nowadays, there are several electric vehicles (EV) on the market, due to the innovation of technology that promotes new components such as batteries, transmissions, and electric motors. This study proposes the design procedure for the configuration synthesis and simulation of in-wheel-hub motor transmissions with six-link mechanisms. The synthesis process shows six mechanisms with six members and eight joints, 15 new clutchless motor transmissions, and 16 new clutched motor transmissions. A novel motor transmission with the possibility of synthesized configurations is chosen as a case to analyze the working rules connected with the power flow modes and operation modes. Moreover, this design is modeled for the simulation process that generates the results of the operation mode transition and energy regulation.

ACS Style

Ngoc-Tan Hoang; Hong-Sen Yan. On the Design of In-Wheel-Hub Motor Transmission Systems with Six-Link Mechanisms for Electric Vehicles. Energies 2018, 11, 2920 .

AMA Style

Ngoc-Tan Hoang, Hong-Sen Yan. On the Design of In-Wheel-Hub Motor Transmission Systems with Six-Link Mechanisms for Electric Vehicles. Energies. 2018; 11 (11):2920.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ngoc-Tan Hoang; Hong-Sen Yan. 2018. "On the Design of In-Wheel-Hub Motor Transmission Systems with Six-Link Mechanisms for Electric Vehicles." Energies 11, no. 11: 2920.

Research article
Published: 19 September 2018 in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering
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This work presents the modeling and computer simulation of a novel hybrid transmission with a mechanical reverse driving mode, including an engine, a motor, a simple planetary gear train, and a Ravigneaux planetary gear train. Based on the given teeth number, the reduction ratios of all the clutching condition are acquired. The feasibilities of mode shifts among the clutching conditions are analyzed. Then, a modified rule-based control strategy is introduced. Subject to the vehicle condition, speed command, and predicted equivalent fuel consumptions, the most fuel economy clutching condition is selected by the control strategy. And, a computer model is developed using SIMULINK. Two popular driving cycles are applied to the simulation model, and the simulation results of the novel hybrid transmission are competitive with the existing hybrid electric vehicle models.

ACS Style

Guan-Huei Wu; Hong-Sen Yan. Modeling and computer simulation of a novel hybrid transmission. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 2018, 233, 2599 -2609.

AMA Style

Guan-Huei Wu, Hong-Sen Yan. Modeling and computer simulation of a novel hybrid transmission. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering. 2018; 233 (10):2599-2609.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guan-Huei Wu; Hong-Sen Yan. 2018. "Modeling and computer simulation of a novel hybrid transmission." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, no. 10: 2599-2609.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2018 in Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering
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A finite element model (FEM) was developed to study the plane shape of an aluminum alloy thick plate after angular rolling. Results show that the plane shape is a parallelogram after the first pass of angular rolling. When the angular rolling process is completed after a second pass, the plane shape becomes symmetric about the center lines in both length and width directions. The width increases more at the edge that enters the deformation zone earlier. Next, a mathematical model to predict plane shape after angular rolling was proposed based on a sectional calculation method. By simulating the longitudinal rolling process, spreads from different plate widths were obtained and used in the mathematical model. By comparing these results with results from the FEM, the accuracy of the mathematical model was verified. Because of its short calculation time, the mathematical model can be used in practice during the production process.

ACS Style

PuJun Hao; Guan-Chen Chen; Wenquan Sun; Hong-Sen Yan. Formation mechanism and prediction of plane shape in angular rolling of aluminum alloy thick plate. Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 2018, 42, 81 -89.

AMA Style

PuJun Hao, Guan-Chen Chen, Wenquan Sun, Hong-Sen Yan. Formation mechanism and prediction of plane shape in angular rolling of aluminum alloy thick plate. Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering. 2018; 42 (2):81-89.

Chicago/Turabian Style

PuJun Hao; Guan-Chen Chen; Wenquan Sun; Hong-Sen Yan. 2018. "Formation mechanism and prediction of plane shape in angular rolling of aluminum alloy thick plate." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 42, no. 2: 81-89.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2018 in Mechanism and Machine Theory
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ACS Style

Yu-Hsun Chen; Marco Ceccarelli; Hong-Sen Yan. A historical study and mechanical classification of ancient music-playing automata. Mechanism and Machine Theory 2018, 121, 273 -285.

AMA Style

Yu-Hsun Chen, Marco Ceccarelli, Hong-Sen Yan. A historical study and mechanical classification of ancient music-playing automata. Mechanism and Machine Theory. 2018; 121 ():273-285.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yu-Hsun Chen; Marco Ceccarelli; Hong-Sen Yan. 2018. "A historical study and mechanical classification of ancient music-playing automata." Mechanism and Machine Theory 121, no. : 273-285.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2017 in Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering
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This paper presents the open-circuit magnetostatic field analysis of a DC commutator motor by applying 1-D and 2-D equivalent magnetic circuit methods. For the 1-D and 2-D equivalent magnetic circuit method, the average air-gap flux density of a DC commutator motor and magnetic flux in every node are derived respectively, and the validity is verified by the finite-element analysis. The Carter’s coefficient is applied to model the permeance of the slot and gear-teeth space. The differences of the air-gap flux density are 3.21% and 3.06% for 1-D and 2-D methods, respectively. The flux linkages, back-EMF constants, cogging torques, electromagnetic torques, and torque ripples of the two gear profiles with feasible number of teeth integrated on the rotor are analyzed to verify the effects of gear profiles. The result shows that the gear-teeth integrated on the motor act as dummy slots, which reduce the cogging torque and torque ripple by 92.02% and 50.14 %, respectively.

ACS Style

Guan-Chen Chen; Hong-Sen Yan. MAGNETOSTATIC FIELD ANALYSIS OF DC COMMUTATOR MOTORS WITH GEAR-TEETH ON THE ROTOR. Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 2017, 41, 555 -569.

AMA Style

Guan-Chen Chen, Hong-Sen Yan. MAGNETOSTATIC FIELD ANALYSIS OF DC COMMUTATOR MOTORS WITH GEAR-TEETH ON THE ROTOR. Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering. 2017; 41 (4):555-569.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guan-Chen Chen; Hong-Sen Yan. 2017. "MAGNETOSTATIC FIELD ANALYSIS OF DC COMMUTATOR MOTORS WITH GEAR-TEETH ON THE ROTOR." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 41, no. 4: 555-569.

Conference paper
Published: 09 September 2017 in New Activities For Cultural Heritage
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The cultural heritage value of ancient automata can be appreciate not only by historical study but even though design considerations and prototype reconstruction. This paper addresses attention to design and prototype reconstruction of ancient automata for music playing. Procedures are outlined and an example is discussed to show the feasibility but the results of the proposed approach to make again available evident musician automata.

ACS Style

Yu-Hsun Chen; Marco Ceccarelli; Hong-Sen Yan. Designing and Prototyping Reconstruction of Musician Automata. New Activities For Cultural Heritage 2017, 22 -32.

AMA Style

Yu-Hsun Chen, Marco Ceccarelli, Hong-Sen Yan. Designing and Prototyping Reconstruction of Musician Automata. New Activities For Cultural Heritage. 2017; ():22-32.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yu-Hsun Chen; Marco Ceccarelli; Hong-Sen Yan. 2017. "Designing and Prototyping Reconstruction of Musician Automata." New Activities For Cultural Heritage , no. : 22-32.

Journal article
Published: 20 July 2017 in Energies
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This paper presents a design approach for the configuration synthesis of series-parallel hybrid transmissions with eight-bar mechanisms. The final design consists of 54 mechanisms with eight members and twelve joints including a simple planetary gear train (PGT) and a double planet PGT. Then, by using the techniques of power and clutch arrangements, new series-parallel hybrid transmissions are synthesized. The power arrangement process generates 97 clutchless hybrid systems. The clutch arrangement process generates 100 corresponding series-parallel transmissions. To demonstrate the feasibility of the synthesized configurations, a new hybrid transmission is selected as an example to analyze the working principle with operation modes and power flow paths.

ACS Style

Ngoc-Tan Hoang; Hong-Sen Yan. Configuration Synthesis of Novel Series-Parallel Hybrid Transmission Systems with Eight-Bar Mechanisms. Energies 2017, 10, 1044 .

AMA Style

Ngoc-Tan Hoang, Hong-Sen Yan. Configuration Synthesis of Novel Series-Parallel Hybrid Transmission Systems with Eight-Bar Mechanisms. Energies. 2017; 10 (7):1044.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ngoc-Tan Hoang; Hong-Sen Yan. 2017. "Configuration Synthesis of Novel Series-Parallel Hybrid Transmission Systems with Eight-Bar Mechanisms." Energies 10, no. 7: 1044.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2017 in Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering
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This work presents a novel design procedure for integrated permanent-magnet rotating electric motors with gear mechanisms. A DC commutator motor and a planetary gear mechanism are used as an example. Based on the design requirements and constraints, the detailed design of the rotor and stator are obtained. A 1-D equivalent magnetic circuit method is applied to analyze the integrated device performance and is verified by FEM software. The design methods for gear trains, gear profiles, numbers of gear teeth, and gear strength are also introduced. Finally, a feasible integrated device is presented that reduces the cogging torque and the torque ripple by 92.02 and 50.14%, respectively, while increasing the torque density by 16.66%.

ACS Style

Guan-Chen Chen; Hong-Sen Yan. ON THE DESIGN OF INTEGRATED PERMANENT-MAGNET ROTATING ELECTRIC MOTORS WITH GEAR MECHANISMS. Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 2017, 41, 113 -127.

AMA Style

Guan-Chen Chen, Hong-Sen Yan. ON THE DESIGN OF INTEGRATED PERMANENT-MAGNET ROTATING ELECTRIC MOTORS WITH GEAR MECHANISMS. Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering. 2017; 41 (1):113-127.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guan-Chen Chen; Hong-Sen Yan. 2017. "ON THE DESIGN OF INTEGRATED PERMANENT-MAGNET ROTATING ELECTRIC MOTORS WITH GEAR MECHANISMS." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 41, no. 1: 113-127.

Conference paper
Published: 01 January 2017 in The Proceedings of the JSME international conference on motion and power transmissions
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Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and hybrid transmissions have been developed rapidly in recent decades. And, numerous designed hybrid transmissions are series-parallel hybrid systems. To come up with a novel design for such a system, this paper firstly utilizes a systematic design approach to synthesize 4 feasible configurations for series-parallel hybrid transmissions using a simple planetary gear train subject to concluded design specifications and design constraints. Then, based on specific desired design specifications, 8 alternative configurations are proposed. The new transmissions can provide series-parallel hybrid systems with ten clutching conditions that can be gathered into seven primary operation modes, namely, electric motor mode, HEV series mode, power mode, CVT/charging mode, engine mode, regenerative braking mode, and stationary charging mode. Finally, one of the new hybrid transmissions is selected as a numerical example to explain the working principle, and the kinematics, static torque and power flow of each operating mode are analyzed.

ACS Style

Huu-Tich Ngo; Kuen-Bao Sheu; Yu-Chi Chen; Yen-Chun Hsueh; Hong-Sen Yan. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF A NOVEL SERIES-PARALLEL HYBRID TRANSMISSION. The Proceedings of the JSME international conference on motion and power transmissions 2017, 2017, 10-04 .

AMA Style

Huu-Tich Ngo, Kuen-Bao Sheu, Yu-Chi Chen, Yen-Chun Hsueh, Hong-Sen Yan. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF A NOVEL SERIES-PARALLEL HYBRID TRANSMISSION. The Proceedings of the JSME international conference on motion and power transmissions. 2017; 2017 ():10-04.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huu-Tich Ngo; Kuen-Bao Sheu; Yu-Chi Chen; Yen-Chun Hsueh; Hong-Sen Yan. 2017. "DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF A NOVEL SERIES-PARALLEL HYBRID TRANSMISSION." The Proceedings of the JSME international conference on motion and power transmissions 2017, no. : 10-04.

Research article
Published: 09 August 2016 in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science
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The Blossoming Flower Clock is an ingenious timepiece made in the 18th century and now preserved in Beijing Palace Museum, China. It generally cannot be disassembled and examined due to its historical value, and hence the inner mechanisms of the clock are unknown. This study provides a systematic design approach for reconstructing the five automata in the clock, namely time keeping, music playing, ducks swimming, flowers blossoming, and figures posturing. For the first two automata, practicable mechanical structures are inferred based on a classification and analysis of known technological customs and practice at the time. A total of seven feasible mechanisms are proposed for the time-keeping automaton, while three possible mechanisms are presented for the music-playing automaton. For the remaining automata, the structural characteristics and design constraints of the associated mechanisms are derived by means of a systematic motion analysis. By applying the concepts of generalization and specialization, a total of seven feasible mechanisms are synthesized for the ducks-swimming automaton, while six mechanisms are presented for the flowers-blossoming automaton and figures-posturing automaton. The proposed methodology is formalized in the form of a flow chart. Overall, the present results suggest that the proposed method provides a useful approach for reconstructing the unknown internal workings of mechanical devices.

ACS Style

Yu-Hsun Chen; Hong-Sen Yan. Reconstruction of unknown automata designs of Blossoming Flower Clock in Forbidden City. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 2016, 231, 1354 -1368.

AMA Style

Yu-Hsun Chen, Hong-Sen Yan. Reconstruction of unknown automata designs of Blossoming Flower Clock in Forbidden City. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science. 2016; 231 (7):1354-1368.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yu-Hsun Chen; Hong-Sen Yan. 2016. "Reconstruction of unknown automata designs of Blossoming Flower Clock in Forbidden City." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 231, no. 7: 1354-1368.

Book chapter
Published: 16 April 2016 in The Machines of Leonardo da Vinci and Franz Reuleaux
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ACS Style

Yu-Hsun Chen; Jian-Liang Lin; Hong-Sen Yan. An Introduction to the Ancient Mechanical Wind-Instrument Automata. The Machines of Leonardo da Vinci and Franz Reuleaux 2016, 32, 77 -85.

AMA Style

Yu-Hsun Chen, Jian-Liang Lin, Hong-Sen Yan. An Introduction to the Ancient Mechanical Wind-Instrument Automata. The Machines of Leonardo da Vinci and Franz Reuleaux. 2016; 32 ():77-85.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yu-Hsun Chen; Jian-Liang Lin; Hong-Sen Yan. 2016. "An Introduction to the Ancient Mechanical Wind-Instrument Automata." The Machines of Leonardo da Vinci and Franz Reuleaux 32, no. : 77-85.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2016 in Mechanism and Machine Theory
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This paper presents a systematic design approach to synthesize feasible configurations of parallel transmissions for a hybrid electric vehicle using single electric motor/generator. Based on the studies of existing parallel hybrid systems, four main types of parallel hybrid transmissions are classified and studied. The mechanisms, which were studied in present research, are two degrees of freedom compound planetary gear trains consisting of two simple planetary gear trains. By applying the proposed design approach, twelve feasible mechanisms for parallel hybrid transmissions are generated. Then, four potential mechanisms, which are used in existing designs, are employed to systematically synthesize 37 corresponding feasible parallel hybrid transmissions, including some existing parallel systems. To demonstrate the feasibility of the synthesized systems, a new parallel hybrid transmission is taken arbitrarily as a numerical example to illustrate its working principle with operation modes, and kinematics and power flow analysis.

ACS Style

Huu-Tich Ngo; Hong-Sen Yan. Configuration synthesis of parallel hybrid transmissions. Mechanism and Machine Theory 2016, 97, 51 -71.

AMA Style

Huu-Tich Ngo, Hong-Sen Yan. Configuration synthesis of parallel hybrid transmissions. Mechanism and Machine Theory. 2016; 97 ():51-71.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huu-Tich Ngo; Hong-Sen Yan. 2016. "Configuration synthesis of parallel hybrid transmissions." Mechanism and Machine Theory 97, no. : 51-71.

Book
Published: 01 January 2016 in Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device
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ACS Style

Jian-Liang Lin; Hong-Sen Yan. Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device. Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device 2016, 1 .

AMA Style

Jian-Liang Lin, Hong-Sen Yan. Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device. Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device. 2016; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jian-Liang Lin; Hong-Sen Yan. 2016. "Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device." Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 24 November 2015 in Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics
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This paper presents a design approach to systematically synthesize feasible configurations for series–parallel and parallel hybrid transmissions subject to design constraints and required operation modes using a simple planetary gear train (PGT). The configuration synthesis process includes two main steps: (1) assign inputs and output powers to the PGT subject to design constraints by the power arrangement process and (2) assign clutches and brakes to the obtained systems subject to desired operation modes by the clutch arrangement process. By applying the proposed design approach, 9 clutchless and 31 clutched configurations for series–parallel and parallel hybrid transmission systems are synthesized, respectively. For each type of the hybrid systems, we analyzed kinematics and power flows of a new configuration to demonstrate the feasibility of the synthesized systems. The design approach can be used to systematically synthesize future hybrid transmissions with different mechanisms, design constraints, and desired operation modes.

ACS Style

Huu-Tich Ngo; Hong-Sen Yan. Novel Configurations for Hybrid Transmissions Using a Simple Planetary Gear Train. Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics 2015, 8, 021020 .

AMA Style

Huu-Tich Ngo, Hong-Sen Yan. Novel Configurations for Hybrid Transmissions Using a Simple Planetary Gear Train. Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics. 2015; 8 (2):021020.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huu-Tich Ngo; Hong-Sen Yan. 2015. "Novel Configurations for Hybrid Transmissions Using a Simple Planetary Gear Train." Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics 8, no. 2: 021020.

Book chapter
Published: 07 October 2015 in Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device
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With the developments of ancient astronomy, ancient astronomical mechanical instruments were extensively used for measurements, computation, and demonstration. These instruments represented the combinational achievements of astronomy and mechanical engineering technology at the subjects’ eras. The investigations of the recorded ancient astronomical instruments not only give us a glimpse of their historical developments, but also provide overall concepts and knowledge about the mechanical characteristics for some designated functions and applications. Furthermore, the relevant craftsmanship is realized. This chapter presents a study of the ancient astronomical mechanical instruments and classifies them in accordance with their display functions. Some representative artifacts such as sundials, astrolabes, calendrical device and relevant compound instruments, astronomical (mechanical) clocks, and orreries are introduced. Focusing on a specific display function, the designs among different astronomical instruments are compared. In addition, the manufacturing technology and craftsmanship for generating some particular functions are analyzed.

ACS Style

Jian-Liang Lin; Hong-Sen Yan. Ancient Astronomical Instruments. Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device 2015, 21 -43.

AMA Style

Jian-Liang Lin, Hong-Sen Yan. Ancient Astronomical Instruments. Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device. 2015; ():21-43.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jian-Liang Lin; Hong-Sen Yan. 2015. "Ancient Astronomical Instruments." Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device , no. : 21-43.

Book chapter
Published: 07 October 2015 in Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device
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All decoded information of the Antikythera device has been studied through hard investigations for a long time. Scholars in the time of the discovery failed to explain how this device can be operated. It was really puzzling trying to figure out what this device with the complicated mechanisms and the fine elements was. The fragmentary excavation, the sophisticated mechanical designs, and the immature technology make the device more mysterious. These mysterious characteristics have attracted scholars to decode and reconstruct such an ancient invention for more than 110 years. The knowledge about Antikythera device is attributed to a number of individuals and research groups, who have focused on the restoring research, such as A. Rehm, D. Price, A.G. Bromley, M. Edmund, P. Morgan, M. Wright, T. Freeth et al., Lin and Yan, etc. In addition, more and more researchers invest their professional knowledge in decoding the device. In this chapter, historical developments of the reconstruction research of Antikythera device are introduced. Research results and contributions in different periods are presented. Various reconstruction designs are compared. And, their differences are identified clearly with the known design of Antikythera device.

ACS Style

Jian-Liang Lin; Hong-Sen Yan. Modern Reconstruction Research. Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device 2015, 63 -84.

AMA Style

Jian-Liang Lin, Hong-Sen Yan. Modern Reconstruction Research. Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device. 2015; ():63-84.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jian-Liang Lin; Hong-Sen Yan. 2015. "Modern Reconstruction Research." Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device , no. : 63-84.

Book chapter
Published: 07 October 2015 in Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device
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Long time ago, the cyclic motions of the Sun, the Moon, and several moving heavenly bodies were found. Many attentions were paid to these astronomical phenomena for making careful observations and keeping records. They were contributed to not only defining the time systems, such as day, month, and year, for actions and celebrations of human, but also explaining the connection between the human and the stars even to develop the astrology. Indeed, all sorts of accumulated knowledge nourished the embryo of astronomy . Ancient Greek astronomy , between 700 and 400 BC, was an outstanding branch of Western astronomy and contributed many brilliant achievements, including the forming of cosmology and the geometrical theories of celestial bodies. The purpose of this chapter is to study ancient Western astronomical developments, starting with the introduction of Western astronomy and ends with the astronomical achievements of the Hellenistic Age. In addition, several relevant civilizations, including the Egyptian civilization, the Mesopotamian civilization, and the Aegean civilization, calendars, special astronomical cycles, and astronomical theories to describe the motions of celestial bodies by geometrical models are introduced. The following content is the basis of investigation of the known astronomical devices. It is helpful for readers to understand Chaps. 3 and 4 for the known Antikythera astronomical device and its reconstruction work. Also, it is closely contributed to Chaps. 6–10 for synthesizing all possible reconstruction designs of the incomplete and lost mechanisms of this invention.

ACS Style

Jian-Liang Lin; Hong-Sen Yan. A Sketch of Ancient Western Astronomy. Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device 2015, 1 -20.

AMA Style

Jian-Liang Lin, Hong-Sen Yan. A Sketch of Ancient Western Astronomy. Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device. 2015; ():1-20.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jian-Liang Lin; Hong-Sen Yan. 2015. "A Sketch of Ancient Western Astronomy." Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device , no. : 1-20.

Book chapter
Published: 07 October 2015 in Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device
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The lunar subsystem is a special and complicated mechanism in the surviving evidence. Various reconstruction designs were presented in the past years. The decoding of this subsystem started from the discovery of a pin-in-slot joint by Wright (Antiquarian Horology 27:270–279, 2003, Bull Sci Instrum Soc 85:2–7, 2005, Antiquarian Horology 29:51–63, 2005) who claimed and restored the mechanism of the lunar anomaly motion in the Antikythera device. In 2006, Freeth et al. presented a hypothetical gear, which connects the lunar subsystem and the calendrical subsystem. Due to this hypothetical gear, the design concept that there were two input sources to drive the lunar subsystem was presented in their reconstruction design (Freeth et al. in Nature 444:587–891, 2006, Nature 454:614–617, 2008; Freeth in Sci Am 301:79–83, 2009). Thus, the output lunar motion satisfies completely the Hipparchus’ lunar theory. At present, the reconstruction design by Freeth et al. is the most popular design even though an obvious pentagon pattern detected in the surviving fragment of the lunar subsystem still goes without a proper explanation. This chapter focuses on decoding this unexplained feature of the lunar subsystem.

ACS Style

Jian-Liang Lin; Hong-Sen Yan. Reconstruction Designs of the Lunar Subsystem. Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device 2015, 133 -152.

AMA Style

Jian-Liang Lin, Hong-Sen Yan. Reconstruction Designs of the Lunar Subsystem. Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device. 2015; ():133-152.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jian-Liang Lin; Hong-Sen Yan. 2015. "Reconstruction Designs of the Lunar Subsystem." Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device , no. : 133-152.