This study aims to explore innovative adaptation strategies that can effectively mitigate the climate threats faced by transportation infrastructure in Lagos, Nigeria. The study highlights the urgent need for innovative approaches to address the challenges posed by climate change to transportation systems. By analyzing the current vulnerabilities and potential impacts of climate change on transportation infrastructure, the authors identify and propose four current challenges facing transportation infrastructure as a result of climate change. These threats include the impact of rising sea levels on coastal roads and bridges, the vulnerability of inland transportation systems to extreme weather events such as floods and heavy rainfall, the potential disruption of transportation networks as storms become more frequent and intense, and the implications of temperature changes on road surfaces and their structural integrity. The study also identified and proposed ten potential adaptation measures that can enhance the resilience of transportation systems in Lagos, Nigeria. The adaptive measures ranged from increasing the resilience of road networks through the implementation of proper drainage systems and slope stabilization measures to forming partnerships with private sector companies to promote sustainable practices and the development of green transportation initiatives. To facilitate these adaptive measures, the authors used them to develop various policy frameworks for transportation resilience in Lagos, Nigeria. These policy frameworks aimed to provide guidelines and regulations for the implementation of adaptive measures, ensuring their effective integration into the transportation system. The authors emphasized the importance of stakeholder engagement and public participation in decision-making processes to foster a sense of ownership and collective responsibility towards building resilient transportation systems. By adapting to these measures, Lagos, Nigeria, can enhance its ability to withstand and recover from transportation disruptions caused by various hazards, such as extreme weather events, infrastructure failures, or security threats.

This paper seeks to address Nigeria’s challenges in meeting its climate objectives by investigating feasible pathways that can be implemented to accelerate progress and ensure credibility in meeting these targets. By examining the current policies and practices in place as well as successful strategies employed by other countries, this paper aims to provide strategies and policy implications recommendations for Nigeria to enhance its climate action efforts. The potential scenarios developed in this study ranged from increasing renewable energy capacity to implementing stricter regulations and standards for industries to reduce their carbon footprint, promote sustainable production processes, and strengthen climate governance and policy frameworks. The authors further investigated these measures and discovered that implementing stricter regulations and standards for industries would reduce their carbon footprint, promote sustainable production processes, and strengthen climate governance and policy frameworks. As such, Nigeria will be able to meet its climate goals more quickly as a result of the following factors: preventing environmental degradation, funding environmentally friendly infrastructure, and improving public transportation systems that can reduce vehicle-related greenhouse gas emissions. The authors developed policy measures based on the proposed twelve credible pathways to catching up with climate goals in Nigeria, thereby promoting faster progress by the Nigerian government in achieving climate goals. By adopting these measures, Nigeria’s progress toward the proposed zero net by 2060 will be significantly accelerated. It will position Nigeria as a continental leader in sustainable development and contribute to the overall global efforts to mitigate climate change. This will not only benefit the environment but also lead to financial development and an improved standard of living for its citizens.

Given the interdependence of climate change (CLC) and urban expansion (URE) on ecosystem productivity in China and India, hybrid physics-based models were fitted in this study to evaluate the effects of these variables on photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). This was accomplished by interpolating the most recent five general circulation models (GCMs) from coupled model intercomparison project phase 6 (CMIP6) into the CMIP6 multi-ensemble model. The potential of PAR is projected to increase by 0.001 to 2.077% in China and by 0.002 to 6.737% in India, on a seasonal and annual basis, if the warming is kept at 1.5 °C from now until the end of this century. The effects of CLC and URE on the changes in PAR in China and India were investigated, and URE had a greater impact than CLC when compared to effective contributions, with 49.47% for China and 28.41% for India in the entire case scenario. In contrast, CLC and PAR residual factor (PRF) have a greater impact in India than in China, with effects of 13.79% and 57.79% compared to 0.89% and 49.64%, respectively. Preferences for exotic, high-productivity plant species, irrigation, CO₂ fertilization, and nitrogen deposition are suggested as measures for replenishing PAR in both countries.

Among the emerging photovoltaic technologies, solid‐state dye‐sensitised solar cells (ssDSSCs) have attracted considerable interest due to their cost‐effective production, adjustable characteristics, and potential for lightweight and flexible applications. Nevertheless, achieving efficiencies comparable to established technologies, such as perovskite and silicon‐based solar devices, have proven challenging. Herein, the device structure, Pt/PEDOT: PSS/N719 dye/PC ₆₁ BM/ITO is investigated theoretically using the solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS‐1D). Groundbreaking advancement is introduced in ssDSSC design, achieving remarkable theoretical power conversion efficiency of 20.73%, surpassing the performance reported in traditional dye‐based solar cell technologies. The model ssDSSC demonstrates an exceptional Fill factor of 86.64%, indicating efficient current collection; along with a modest short‐circuit current density ( J _sc ) of 22.38 mA/cm ² and an impressive open‐circuit voltage ( V _oc ) of 1.0691 V, highlighting efficient light absorption and charge separation. Mott–Schottky capacitance analysis and parasitic resistances (series and shunt) have been thoroughly discussed. Despite the fact that only numerical simulation is involved, the proposed ssDSSCs structure gives insights into the fabrication of a highly efficient solar cell that can be injected into the production workflow in order to advance the photovoltaic technology of the solid‐state DSSC.

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have attracted momentous scientific attention because of their intriguing properties, such as high optical transparency, high charge mobility, self-passivating surfaces, adjustable bandgap values, and work function and chemical stability. These TMDC materials have been incorporated into third-generation perovskite solar cell (PSC) devices to boost their solar harvesting and conversion performance. Herein, we provide an overview of the dominant PSC configurations and various modifications that have been carried out on TMDCs that are geared toward the enhancement of the performance of the PSC devices. The integration of TMDCs and their effects on various parts of the PSC devices have been pointed out. Furthermore, the utilization of computational tools in the deep understanding of the TMDC materials and PSC devices has been elucidated. Finally, the challenges and prospects of integrating TMDC materials in the PSC devices have been discussed.