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Fossil fuel power plants can cause numerous environmental issues, owing to exhaust emissions and substantial water consumption. In a thermal power plant, heat and water recovery from flue gas can reduce CO2 emissions and water demand. High-humidity flue gas averts the diffusion of pollutants, enhances the secondary transformation of air pollutants, and leads to smog weather; hence, water recovery from flue gas can also help to lessen the incidence of white plumes and smog near and around the power plant. In this study, a lab-scale system for heat and water recovery from flue gas was tested. The flue gas was initially cooled by an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system to produce power. This gas was further cooled by an aftercooler, using the same working fluid to condense the water and condensable particulate matter in the flue gas. The ORC system can produce approximately 220 W of additional power from flue gas at 140 °C, with a thermal efficiency of 10%. By cooling the flue gas below 30–40 °C, the aftercooler can recover 60% of the water in it.
Young-Min Kim; Assmelash Negash; Syed Shamsi; Dong-Gil Shin; Gyubaek Cho. Experimental Study of a Lab-Scale Organic Rankine Cycle System for Heat and Water Recovery from Flue Gas in Thermal Power Plants. Energies 2021, 14, 4328 .
AMA StyleYoung-Min Kim, Assmelash Negash, Syed Shamsi, Dong-Gil Shin, Gyubaek Cho. Experimental Study of a Lab-Scale Organic Rankine Cycle System for Heat and Water Recovery from Flue Gas in Thermal Power Plants. Energies. 2021; 14 (14):4328.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYoung-Min Kim; Assmelash Negash; Syed Shamsi; Dong-Gil Shin; Gyubaek Cho. 2021. "Experimental Study of a Lab-Scale Organic Rankine Cycle System for Heat and Water Recovery from Flue Gas in Thermal Power Plants." Energies 14, no. 14: 4328.
Fossil-fueled power plants present a problem of significant water consumption, carbon dioxide emissions, and environmental pollution. Several techniques have been developed to utilize flue gas, which can help solve these problems. Among these, the ones focusing on energy extraction beyond the dew point of the moisture present within the flue gas are quite attractive. In this study, a novel waste heat and water recovery system (WHWRS) composed of an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and cooling cycles using singular working fluid accompanied by phase change was proposed and optimized for maximum power output. Furthermore, WHWRS configurations were analyzed for fixed water yield and fixed ambient temperature, covering possible trade-off scenarios between power loss and the number of stages as per desired yields of water recovery at ambient temperatures in a practical range. For a 600 MW power plant with 16% water vapor volume in flue gas at 150 °C, the WHWRS can produce 4–6 MWe while recovering 50% water by cooling the flue gas to 40 °C at an ambient temperature of 20 °C. Pragmatic results and design flexibility, while utilizing single working fluid, makes this proposed system a desirable candidate for practical application.
Syed Safeer Mehdi Shamsi; Assmelash A. Negash; Gyu Baek Cho; Young Min Kim. Waste Heat and Water Recovery System Optimization for Flue Gas in Thermal Power Plants. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1881 .
AMA StyleSyed Safeer Mehdi Shamsi, Assmelash A. Negash, Gyu Baek Cho, Young Min Kim. Waste Heat and Water Recovery System Optimization for Flue Gas in Thermal Power Plants. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (7):1881.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSyed Safeer Mehdi Shamsi; Assmelash A. Negash; Gyu Baek Cho; Young Min Kim. 2019. "Waste Heat and Water Recovery System Optimization for Flue Gas in Thermal Power Plants." Sustainability 11, no. 7: 1881.
The hydrogen storage pressure in fuel cell vehicles has been increased from 35 MPa to 70 MPa in order to accommodate longer driving range. On the downside, such pressure increase results in significant temperature rise inside the hydrogen tank during fast filling at a fueling station, which may pose safety issues. Installation of a chiller often mitigates this concern because it cools the hydrogen gas before its deposition into the tank. To address both the energy efficiency improvement and safety concerns, this paper proposed an on-board cold thermal energy storage (CTES) system, cooled by expanded hydrogen. During the driving cycle, the proposed system uses an expander, instead of a pressure regulator, to generate additional power and cold hydrogen gas. Moreover, CTES is equipped with phase change materials (PCM) to recover the cold energy of the expanded hydrogen gas, which is later used in the next filling to cool the high-pressure hydrogen gas from the fueling station.
Young Min Kim; Dong Gil Shin; Chang Gi Kim. On-Board Cold Thermal Energy Storage System for Hydrogen Fueling Process. Energies 2019, 12, 561 .
AMA StyleYoung Min Kim, Dong Gil Shin, Chang Gi Kim. On-Board Cold Thermal Energy Storage System for Hydrogen Fueling Process. Energies. 2019; 12 (3):561.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYoung Min Kim; Dong Gil Shin; Chang Gi Kim. 2019. "On-Board Cold Thermal Energy Storage System for Hydrogen Fueling Process." Energies 12, no. 3: 561.
A highly efficient single-loop ORC (organic Rankine cycle) is proposed for engine WHR (waste heat recovery) from a gasoline vehicle. IC (Internal combustion) engines have two waste heat sources—exhaust gas and engine coolant—with similar quantities of energy but different temperatures. Dual-loop systems can obtain the maximum power output from engine WHR; however, the systems occupy large amounts of space and are complex, heavy, and economically unfavorable, particularly for vehicle applications. A highly efficient single-loop system can overcome such limitations. This paper compares the performances of conventional single-loop systems and proposes a novel single-loop ORC system for engine WHR from both low- and high-temperature sources. The novel single-loop system produces approximately 20% additional power from engine WHR when operating under the target engine conditions.
Young Min Kim; Dong Gil Shin; Chang Gi Kim; Gyu Baek Cho. Single-loop organic Rankine cycles for engine waste heat recovery using both low- and high-temperature heat sources. Energy 2016, 96, 482 -494.
AMA StyleYoung Min Kim, Dong Gil Shin, Chang Gi Kim, Gyu Baek Cho. Single-loop organic Rankine cycles for engine waste heat recovery using both low- and high-temperature heat sources. Energy. 2016; 96 ():482-494.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYoung Min Kim; Dong Gil Shin; Chang Gi Kim; Gyu Baek Cho. 2016. "Single-loop organic Rankine cycles for engine waste heat recovery using both low- and high-temperature heat sources." Energy 96, no. : 482-494.
This study investigated the effect of the built-in volume ratio of an expander on the performance of a dual-loop Rankine cycle system for the engine waste heat recovery of a vehicle. Varying vehicle operating conditions can cause a positive displacement expander to operate in both under- and over-expansion states. Therefore, analysis of the off-design performance of the expander is very important. Furthermore, the volume and weight of the expander must be considered in its optimization along with the efficiency. A simple modeling of the off-design operation of the expander showed that a built-in volume ratio that causes under-expansion rather than over-expansion at the target condition is more desirable.
Young Min Kim; Dong Gil Shin; Chang Gi Kim. Optimization of Design Pressure Ratio of Positive Displacement Expander for Vehicle Engine Waste Heat Recovery. Energies 2014, 7, 6105 -6117.
AMA StyleYoung Min Kim, Dong Gil Shin, Chang Gi Kim. Optimization of Design Pressure Ratio of Positive Displacement Expander for Vehicle Engine Waste Heat Recovery. Energies. 2014; 7 (9):6105-6117.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYoung Min Kim; Dong Gil Shin; Chang Gi Kim. 2014. "Optimization of Design Pressure Ratio of Positive Displacement Expander for Vehicle Engine Waste Heat Recovery." Energies 7, no. 9: 6105-6117.
Energy storage systems are increasingly gaining importance with regard to their role in achieving load levelling, especially for matching intermittent sources of renewable energy with customer demand, as well as for storing excess nuclear or thermal power during the daily cycle. Compressed air energy storage (CAES), with its high reliability, economic feasibility, and low environmental impact, is a promising method for large-scale energy storage. Although there are only two large-scale CAES plants in existence, recently, a number of CAES projects have been initiated around the world, and some innovative concepts of CAES have been proposed. Existing CAES plants have some disadvantages such as energy loss due to dissipation of heat of compression, use of fossil fuels, and dependence on geological formations. This paper reviews the main drawbacks of the existing CAES systems and presents some innovative concepts of CAES, such as adiabatic CAES, isothermal CAES, micro-CAES combined with air-cycle heating and cooling, and constant-pressure CAES combined with pumped hydro storage that can address such problems and widen the scope of CAES applications, by energy and exergy analyses. These analyses greatly help us to understand the characteristics of each CAES system and compare different CAES systems.
Young-Min Kim; Jang-Hee Lee; Seok-Joon Kim; Daniel Favrat. Potential and Evolution of Compressed Air Energy Storage: Energy and Exergy Analyses. Entropy 2012, 14, 1501 -1521.
AMA StyleYoung-Min Kim, Jang-Hee Lee, Seok-Joon Kim, Daniel Favrat. Potential and Evolution of Compressed Air Energy Storage: Energy and Exergy Analyses. Entropy. 2012; 14 (8):1501-1521.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYoung-Min Kim; Jang-Hee Lee; Seok-Joon Kim; Daniel Favrat. 2012. "Potential and Evolution of Compressed Air Energy Storage: Energy and Exergy Analyses." Entropy 14, no. 8: 1501-1521.
Energy storage systems are becoming more important for load leveling, especially for widespread use of intermittent renewable energy. Compressed air energy storage (CAES) is a promising method for energy storage, but large scale CAES is dependent on suitable underground geology. Micro-CAES with man-made air vessels is a more adaptable solution for distributed future power networks. In this paper, energy and exergy analyses of a micro-CAES system are performed, and, to improve the efficiency of the system, some innovative ideas are introduced. The results show that a micro-CAES system could be a very effective system for distributed power networks as a combination that provides energy storage, generation with various heat sources, and an air-cycle heating and cooling system, with a energy density feasible for distributed energy storage and a good efficiency due to the multipurpose system. Especially, quasi-isothermal compression and expansion concepts result in the best exergy efficiencies.
Y.M. Kim; D. Favrat. Energy and exergy analysis of a micro-compressed air energy storage and air cycle heating and cooling system. Energy 2010, 35, 213 -220.
AMA StyleY.M. Kim, D. Favrat. Energy and exergy analysis of a micro-compressed air energy storage and air cycle heating and cooling system. Energy. 2010; 35 (1):213-220.
Chicago/Turabian StyleY.M. Kim; D. Favrat. 2010. "Energy and exergy analysis of a micro-compressed air energy storage and air cycle heating and cooling system." Energy 35, no. 1: 213-220.