CK2 genes are overexpressed in many human cancers, and most often overexpression is associated with worse prognosis. Site-specific expression in mice leads to cancer development (e.g., breast, lymphoma) indicating the oncogenic nature of CK2. CK2 is involved in many key aspects of cancer including inhibition of apoptosis, modulation of signaling pathways, DNA damage response, and cell cycle regulation. A number of CK2 inhibitors are now available and have been shown to have activity against various cancers in vitro and in pre-clinical models. Some of these inhibitors are now undergoing exploration in clinical trials as well. In this review, we will examine some of the major cancers in which CK2 inhibition has promise based on in vitro and pre-clinical studies, the proposed cellular and signaling mechanisms of anti-cancer activity by CK2 inhibitors, and the current or recent clinical trials using CK2 inhibitors.

Leptospirosis is an overlooked zoonotic and waterborne disease that is emerging as a global public threat due to morbidity and mortality observed in both animals and humans. The outbreaks are typically related to floods and hurricanes following monsoon rains, during which Leptospiras are washed off in contaminated soil and often settle in water bodies. Wildlife trapping for scientific purposes, industrial animal employment, water-intensive crop farming, sewage work, and open-water swimming are one of the major risk factors contributing to the rapid spread of disease. Occasionally, outbreaks are linked to higher-than-average precipitation and exposure to contaminated floodwaters that may have contributed to a sudden spike in leptospirosis cases in New Caledonia, Fiji, Vanuatu, and Tanzania. This amplifies the risk of leptospirosis in Pakistan and other nations with urban floods. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to address this health emergency considering the recent surge in leptospirosis cases.

Monkeypox (MPX) is a zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), belonging to the orthopoxvirus genus with a presentation resembling smallpox making it historically challenging to distinguish the disease from smallpox clinically. Since a British citizen brought MPX into the country on 6 May 2022, there have been concerns about the re-emergence of the human MPXV. Since then, the WHO has reported 92 confirmed cases and 28 suspected cases in 13 nations where MPXV was not endemic. WHO declared MPX a ‘public health emergency of international concern’ on 23 July 2022. MPXV can spread either through human-human contact or animal-human contact. Respiratory droplets, direct contact with bodily fluids, contaminated patient surroundings or objects, and skin sores from an infected person have all been linked to the disease’s transmission from one person to another. Fever, headache, lethargy, asthenia, enlargement of the lymph nodes, weariness, back pain, and myalgia are some of the symptoms that last from 2 to 5 weeks. It can be diagnosed using a range of diagnostic methods, including electron microscopy, Immunoglobulin M, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, polymerase chain reactions, histological analysis, immunofluorescent antibody testing, virus isolation, etc. Smallpox immunization before infection may lessen clinical symptoms and is around 85% effective in protecting from the MPXV.

Taurine supplementation may be a viable solution to the problem of our cells manufacturing potentially hazardous by-products known as ‘free radicals’. Some of these chemicals serve crucial biological activities, but excessive amounts can harm internal cell structures, reducing the cells’ capacity to operate. The regulatory systems that contribute to maintaining a healthy balance of reactive oxygen species in the body deteriorate with age. Thus, in this article, we examine how the amino acid taurine could be used in anti-ageing therapy, as well as its mechanism of action, consequences and suggestions.

T cell lymphoma, a type of non-Hodgkin lymphomas is a rare form of malignancy with poor outcomes.