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Fan Yang
State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, 47913 Chongqing, Chongqing, China

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Journal article
Published: 04 December 2020 in IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
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Objective: Clinical studies show that low intensity (single V/cm), intermediate-frequency (100 kHz-300 kHz) electric fields inhibit the growth of cancer cells, while the mechanism is not yet understood. We examine the hypothesis that electric fields modify the cell membrane potential of dividing cancer cells in a way that correlates with cells growth inhibition. Methods: A Schwan based mathematical model calculates the changes in HeLa cells membrane potential due to single V/cm electric fields and frequencies from 0.1 to 1 MHz. An experimental study examines the effect of these electric fields on the inhibition of HeLa cells growth in an incubator. Results: The theoretical calculation shows that the effects of these electric fields on cell membrane potential decrease with an increase in frequency. The HeLa cells experiments verified the inhibitory effect of these fields on cell growth. The inhibitory effect is decreasing with an increase in frequency, in a way that is similar to the frequency dependent effect of these fields on the cell membrane potential. Conclusions: The superposition of the theoretical results and the experimental results suggest a correlation between the effect of these fields on the cell membrane potential and inhibition of cancer cell growth. It should be emphasized that correlations do not prove causality, however, they suggest an area for future research. Significance: These findings have value for the understanding of the mechanisms of cancer cells growth inhibition with electric fields and suggest an interesting area of research on the interaction between electromagnetic fields and cancer cells.

ACS Style

Xing Li; Fan Yang; Boris Rubinsky. A Correlation Between Electric Fields That Target the Cell Membrane Potential and Dividing HeLa Cancer Cell Growth Inhibition. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 2020, 68, 1951 -1956.

AMA Style

Xing Li, Fan Yang, Boris Rubinsky. A Correlation Between Electric Fields That Target the Cell Membrane Potential and Dividing HeLa Cancer Cell Growth Inhibition. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. 2020; 68 (6):1951-1956.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xing Li; Fan Yang; Boris Rubinsky. 2020. "A Correlation Between Electric Fields That Target the Cell Membrane Potential and Dividing HeLa Cancer Cell Growth Inhibition." IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 68, no. 6: 1951-1956.

Journal article
Published: 19 June 2020 in IEEE Access
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Oil-paper insulation is the main insulating medium of converter transformers. Space charge can result in the distortion of electric field in oil-paper insulation, hence it’s necessary to analyze the space charge transport characteristic and its influence on the oil-paper insulation. In the paper, the space charge transport characteristic considering the electric field is investigated, and an upstream finite element method is presented to calculate the space charge distribution in oil insulation of converter transformer considering the influence of injection barrier, ion mobility, trapped coefficient and carrier recombination coefficient. Finally, the insulation state of tortuous oil-path is evaluated. Experiments were conducted to analyze the relationship between ion mobility and electric field intensity, the results indicate that the influence of space charge on the electric field intensity in the tortuous oil-path can not be ignored for the design of converter transformer.

ACS Style

Zhaoxiang Zhang; Kai Yang; Cheng Chi; Fan Yang; Li Liu; Shaohua Wang. Space Charge Transport Characteristic Considering the Non-Uniform Electric Effect of Ion Mobility. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 114211 -114218.

AMA Style

Zhaoxiang Zhang, Kai Yang, Cheng Chi, Fan Yang, Li Liu, Shaohua Wang. Space Charge Transport Characteristic Considering the Non-Uniform Electric Effect of Ion Mobility. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 (99):114211-114218.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhaoxiang Zhang; Kai Yang; Cheng Chi; Fan Yang; Li Liu; Shaohua Wang. 2020. "Space Charge Transport Characteristic Considering the Non-Uniform Electric Effect of Ion Mobility." IEEE Access 8, no. 99: 114211-114218.

Journal article
Published: 17 March 2020 in IEEE Access
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Single pixel imaging (SPI) combined with compressed sensing techniques can provide solutions for special optical imaging to avoid array detectors and raster scanning. However, the imaging speed should be further improved for real-time SPI and the challenge is to reduce the sampling time and post-processing time. This paper proposes a deep compressive and super-fast single pixel imaging protocol based on reordering Hadamard basis patterns and Fourier domain regularization inversion (FDRI) algorithm. Two reordered Hadamard basis patterns in terms of the improvement in the compressing ratio and reconstruction quality are proposed and compared to other methods. The deterministic Hadamard basis are reordered through their total variation (TV) in ascending order and total wavelet transformed coefficients (TW) in ascending order to have the best performance. Numerical simulation shows that this protocol can reconstruct a 128×128 pixels natural image at the sampling ratio of 5% with the peak-signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of 25.56 dB in 0.00039s. Terahertz near-field imaging experiment also verifies the proposed protocol. The inherent advantage and mechanism of reordering approaches are discussed and then revealed by comparing the coherent area generated by these reordered patterns. The TV order and TW order Hadamard basis patterns can be deterministically described mathematically and easily constructed. Meanwhile, it results in a significant improvement both in the compression ratio and image reconstruction quality. Finally, the realization this protocol in real SPI system in the future will bring the real-time SPI closer to practical applications.

ACS Style

Xiao Yu; Fan Yang; Bing Gao; Jia Ran; Xin Huang. Deep Compressive Single Pixel Imaging by Reordering Hadamard Basis: A Comparative Study. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 55773 -55784.

AMA Style

Xiao Yu, Fan Yang, Bing Gao, Jia Ran, Xin Huang. Deep Compressive Single Pixel Imaging by Reordering Hadamard Basis: A Comparative Study. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 (99):55773-55784.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiao Yu; Fan Yang; Bing Gao; Jia Ran; Xin Huang. 2020. "Deep Compressive Single Pixel Imaging by Reordering Hadamard Basis: A Comparative Study." IEEE Access 8, no. 99: 55773-55784.

Journal article
Published: 13 January 2020 in IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
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Objective: A theoretical study on the mechanisms through which Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) affect dividing tumor cells. Methods: Numerical analysis was used to revisit two previously proposed mechanisms and introduce a third. We examine the previous hypotheses that: a) TTFields generate a moment that affects microtubule assembly during early mitosis, and b) dielectrophoretic (DEP) forces cause neutral particles to move toward the cleavage furrow during the telophase stage. We further introduce a new hypothesis that TTFields modify cell membrane potential in dividing tumor cells. Results: a) The Brownian energy is several orders of magnitude larger than the moment induced by TTFields on tubulin dimers. b) Adding Stokes drag forces to DEP forces shows that the motion of the particles in the cytoplasm is very slow, approximately 0.003 μm/s, and therefore, unless the duration of the telophase is long enough there will be no substantial effect from the DEP forces. c) The Schwan equation shows that electric fields at the frequencies of clinical TTFields can cause a 10% - 17% change in tumor cell membrane potential. Conclusion: Our studies find limited support for the previously suggested hypotheses and suggest that the TTFields effect on cell membrane potential by affecting ion channels could be a mechanism of tumor cell death. Significance: Previously suggested mechanisms of tumor cell death from TTFields are found lacking. The effect of TTFields on the tumor cell membrane potential warrants further research.

ACS Style

Xing Li; Fan Yang; Boris Rubinsky. A Theoretical Study on the Biophysical Mechanisms by Which Tumor Treating Fields Affect Tumor Cells During Mitosis. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 2020, 67, 2594 -2602.

AMA Style

Xing Li, Fan Yang, Boris Rubinsky. A Theoretical Study on the Biophysical Mechanisms by Which Tumor Treating Fields Affect Tumor Cells During Mitosis. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. 2020; 67 (9):2594-2602.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xing Li; Fan Yang; Boris Rubinsky. 2020. "A Theoretical Study on the Biophysical Mechanisms by Which Tumor Treating Fields Affect Tumor Cells During Mitosis." IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 67, no. 9: 2594-2602.

Journal article
Published: 13 January 2020 in Energies
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The increase in the internal temperature of high voltage electrical instruments is due to a variety of factors, particularly, contact problems; environmental factors; unbalanced loads; and cracks in the high voltage current transformers, voltage transformers, insulators, or terminal junctions. This increase in the internal temperature can cause unusual disturbances and damage to high voltage electrical equipment. Therefore, early prevention measures of thermal anomalies in equipment are necessary to prevent high voltage equipment failure that might shut down the whole grid system. In this article, we propose a novel non-destructive approach to defect analysis in high voltage equipment by taking advantage of the infrared thermography and the deep learning (DL) approach from the machine learning paradigm. The infrared images of the components were captured using the FLIR T630 without disturbing the operations of the power grid. In the first stage, rich features maps from the convolutional layers of the AlexNet pretrained model were extracted. After feature extraction, the random forest (RF) and support vector machines (SVM) were trained for learning of the defective and non-defective high voltage electrical equipment. In an experimental analysis, the RF optimally learned the separation between defective and non-defective equipment with greater than 96% accuracy, outperforming all the other comparative approaches for deep and nondeep features. The proposed approach based on the RF is reliable and shows its efficacy for fault detection in high voltage electrical equipment.

ACS Style

Irfan Ullah; Rehan Ullah Khan; Fan Yang; Lunchakorn Wuttisittikulkij. Deep Learning Image-Based Defect Detection in High Voltage Electrical Equipment. Energies 2020, 13, 392 .

AMA Style

Irfan Ullah, Rehan Ullah Khan, Fan Yang, Lunchakorn Wuttisittikulkij. Deep Learning Image-Based Defect Detection in High Voltage Electrical Equipment. Energies. 2020; 13 (2):392.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Irfan Ullah; Rehan Ullah Khan; Fan Yang; Lunchakorn Wuttisittikulkij. 2020. "Deep Learning Image-Based Defect Detection in High Voltage Electrical Equipment." Energies 13, no. 2: 392.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2020 in IEEE Access
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ACS Style

Lianqiang Zhang; Yifan He; Yuancheng Liu; Fan Yang; Tingting He; Li Liu; Shaohua Wang; Heng Liu. Temperature Analysis Based on Multi-Coupling Field and Ampacity Optimization Calculation of Shore Power Cable Considering Tide Effect. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 119785 -119794.

AMA Style

Lianqiang Zhang, Yifan He, Yuancheng Liu, Fan Yang, Tingting He, Li Liu, Shaohua Wang, Heng Liu. Temperature Analysis Based on Multi-Coupling Field and Ampacity Optimization Calculation of Shore Power Cable Considering Tide Effect. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 ():119785-119794.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lianqiang Zhang; Yifan He; Yuancheng Liu; Fan Yang; Tingting He; Li Liu; Shaohua Wang; Heng Liu. 2020. "Temperature Analysis Based on Multi-Coupling Field and Ampacity Optimization Calculation of Shore Power Cable Considering Tide Effect." IEEE Access 8, no. : 119785-119794.

Journal article
Published: 29 June 2019 in Energies
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A balanced voltage distribution for each break is required for normal operation of a multi-break vacuum circuit breaker (VCB) This paper presented a novel 363 kV/5000 A/63 kA sextuple-break VCB with a series-parallel structure. To determine the static voltage distribution of each break, a 3D finite element method (FEM) model was established to calculate the voltage distribution and the electric field of each break at the fully open state. Our results showed that the applied voltage was unevenly distributed at each break, and that the first break shared the most voltage, about 86.3%. The maximum electric field of the first break was 18.9 kV/mm, which contributed to the reduction of the breaking capacity. The distributed and stray capacitance parameters of the proposed structure were calculated based on the FEM model. According to the distributed capacitance parameters, the equivalent circuit simulation model of the static voltage distribution of this 363 kV VCB was established in PSCAD. Subsequently, the influence of the grading capacitor on the voltage distribution of each break was investigated, and the best value of the grading capacitors for the 363 kV sextuple-break VCB was confirmed to be 10 nF. Finally, the breaking tests of a single-phase unit was conducted both in a minor loop and a major loop. The 363 kV VCB prototype broke both the 63 kA and the 80 kA short circuit currents successfully, which confirmed the validity of the voltage sharing design.

ACS Style

Xiao Yu; Fan Yang; Xing Li; Shaogui Ai; Yongning Huang; Yiping Fan; Wei Du. Static Voltage Sharing Design of a Sextuple-Break 363 kV Vacuum Circuit Breaker. Energies 2019, 12, 2512 .

AMA Style

Xiao Yu, Fan Yang, Xing Li, Shaogui Ai, Yongning Huang, Yiping Fan, Wei Du. Static Voltage Sharing Design of a Sextuple-Break 363 kV Vacuum Circuit Breaker. Energies. 2019; 12 (13):2512.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiao Yu; Fan Yang; Xing Li; Shaogui Ai; Yongning Huang; Yiping Fan; Wei Du. 2019. "Static Voltage Sharing Design of a Sextuple-Break 363 kV Vacuum Circuit Breaker." Energies 12, no. 13: 2512.

Journal article
Published: 18 July 2018 in Energies
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The grounding grid is a key part of substation protection, which provides safety to personnel and equipment under normal as well as fault conditions. Currently, the topology of a grounding grid is determined by assuming that its orientation is parallel to the plane of earth. However, in practical scenarios, the assumed orientation may not coincide with the actual orientation of the grounding grid. Hence, currently employed methods for topology detection fails to produce the desired results. Therefore, accurate detection of grounding grid orientation is mandatory for measuring its topology accurately. In this paper, we propose a derivative method for orientation detection of grounding grid in high voltage substations. The proposed method is applicable to both equally and unequally spaced grounding grids. Furthermore, our method can also determine the orientation of grounding grid in the challenging case when a diagonal branch is present in the mesh. The proposed method is based on the fact that the distribution of magnetic flux density is perpendicular to the surface of the earth when a current is injected into the grid through a vertical conductor. Taking the third order derivative of the magnetic flux density, the main peak coinciding with the position of underground conductor is accurately obtained. Thus, the main peak describes the orientation of buried conductor of grounding grid. Simulations are performed using Comsol Multiphysics 5.0 to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed method. Our results demonstrate that the proposed method calculate the orientation of grounding grid with high accuracy. We also investigate the effect of varying critical parameters of our method.

ACS Style

Aamir Qamar; Muhammad Umair; Fan Yang; Zeeshan Kaleem; Muhammad Uzair. Derivative Method Based Orientation Detection of Substation Grounding Grid. Energies 2018, 11, 1873 .

AMA Style

Aamir Qamar, Muhammad Umair, Fan Yang, Zeeshan Kaleem, Muhammad Uzair. Derivative Method Based Orientation Detection of Substation Grounding Grid. Energies. 2018; 11 (7):1873.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aamir Qamar; Muhammad Umair; Fan Yang; Zeeshan Kaleem; Muhammad Uzair. 2018. "Derivative Method Based Orientation Detection of Substation Grounding Grid." Energies 11, no. 7: 1873.

Journal article
Published: 03 July 2018 in Energies
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The corrosion diagnosis of grounding grid can locate the corroded branches and provide guidance for the maintenance and repair of the grounding grid. This paper proposed the electrical impedance tomography (EIT) method on the corrosion diagnosis of grounding grid and described how it works. Firstly, the inverse problem model of the electrical impedance tomography on grounding grid is developed. Secondly, in order to weaken the ill-posedness of the inverse problem, a Newton iterative algorithm with Tikhonov regularization is proposed to solve the problem. Then, due to the high resistivity contrast between the soli and steel and the large size of imaging region, this paper presents the method of soil-separation and block-diagnosis to accomplish these problems. Finally, field experiments were carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method and the results show that the location and degree of the corrosion in the grounding grid can be easily judged from the imaging results.

ACS Style

Xing Li; Fan Yang; Julan Ming; Ammad Jadoon; Sheng Han. Imaging the Corrosion in Grounding Grid Branch with Inner-Source Electrical Impedance Tomography. Energies 2018, 11, 1739 .

AMA Style

Xing Li, Fan Yang, Julan Ming, Ammad Jadoon, Sheng Han. Imaging the Corrosion in Grounding Grid Branch with Inner-Source Electrical Impedance Tomography. Energies. 2018; 11 (7):1739.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xing Li; Fan Yang; Julan Ming; Ammad Jadoon; Sheng Han. 2018. "Imaging the Corrosion in Grounding Grid Branch with Inner-Source Electrical Impedance Tomography." Energies 11, no. 7: 1739.

Journal article
Published: 27 June 2018 in Energies
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Internal defects inside power cable joints due to unqualified construction is the main issue of power cable failures, hence in this paper a method based on thermal probability density function to detect the internal defects of power cable joints is presented. First, the model to calculate the thermal distribution of power cable joints is set up and the thermal distribution is calculated. Then a thermal probability density (TPD)-based method that gives the statistics of isothermal points is presented. The TPD characteristics of normal power cable joints and those with internal defects, including insulation eccentricity and unqualified connection of conductors, are analyzed. The results indicate that TPD differs with the internal state of cable joints. Finally, experiments were conducted in which surface thermal distribution was measured by FLIR SC7000, and the corresponding TPDs are discussed.

ACS Style

Li Zhang; Xiyue Luoyang; Yanjie Le; Fan Yang; Chun Gan; Yinxian Zhang. A Thermal Probability Density–Based Method to Detect the Internal Defects of Power Cable Joints. Energies 2018, 11, 1674 .

AMA Style

Li Zhang, Xiyue Luoyang, Yanjie Le, Fan Yang, Chun Gan, Yinxian Zhang. A Thermal Probability Density–Based Method to Detect the Internal Defects of Power Cable Joints. Energies. 2018; 11 (7):1674.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li Zhang; Xiyue Luoyang; Yanjie Le; Fan Yang; Chun Gan; Yinxian Zhang. 2018. "A Thermal Probability Density–Based Method to Detect the Internal Defects of Power Cable Joints." Energies 11, no. 7: 1674.

Journal article
Published: 21 June 2018 in Energies
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Ultra-high frequency (UHF) electromagnetic (EM) signals generated by the partial discharge (PD) process of high-voltage equipment are now widely used in PD detection. The computation of EM propagation generated by a local discharge source using a uniformly hardwiring source can hardly reveal the discharge characteristics. In this paper, a method of near-field to far-field transformation is proposed to realize the study of the propagation characteristics of the PD signal. A short gap discharge model is established to get the near-field electromagnetics and the proposed method is validated by comparing the directly calculated results with the results of the near-field source. In the end, a model of switchgear is employed to study the propagation characteristics of the EM signal based on the proposed method. Via numerical calculation, the influence of the equipment in the switchgear on the propagation of the discharge EM is studied. It is found that the direction of the discharge source has a significant effect on the distribution of the electric field, which indicates that the discharge source cannot be simplified to a uniformly hardwiring source. In addition, it is also obtained that the amplitude of the electric field shows the same trend with the growth of the discharge channel, which gives a method for evaluating the development of the PD. Particularly, the near-field to far-field transformation can provide an effective method for studying the propagation of discharge EM waves in large-scale equipment.

ACS Style

Yang Qi; Yang Fan; Bing Gao; Yang Mengzhuo; Ammad Jadoon; Yu Peng; Tian Jie. Study on the Propagation Characteristics of Partial Discharge in Switchgear Based on Near-Field to Far-Field Transformation. Energies 2018, 11, 1619 .

AMA Style

Yang Qi, Yang Fan, Bing Gao, Yang Mengzhuo, Ammad Jadoon, Yu Peng, Tian Jie. Study on the Propagation Characteristics of Partial Discharge in Switchgear Based on Near-Field to Far-Field Transformation. Energies. 2018; 11 (7):1619.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang Qi; Yang Fan; Bing Gao; Yang Mengzhuo; Ammad Jadoon; Yu Peng; Tian Jie. 2018. "Study on the Propagation Characteristics of Partial Discharge in Switchgear Based on Near-Field to Far-Field Transformation." Energies 11, no. 7: 1619.

Journal article
Published: 12 June 2018 in Energies
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To save land resources, the construction of the high-voltage direct current (HVDC) and high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) hybrid transmission lines in the same corridor is inevitable. To provide suggestions for the construction of the AC/DC parallel lines, the hybrid ionized field of AC/DC transmission lines was calculated by the meshless local Petorv–Galerkin (MLPG) method for the first time. In this method, the radius of local sub-domain is adjusted to the nodes close to the global boundary, but not exactly on the boundary. It can avoid the boundary integral, as well as having simplified calculation. The method was validated by comparing with measured results and calculation results. The MLPG method is beneficial to obtaining high-precision results by constructing the more complex shape function. Finally, a field distribution of the parallel line of about ±800 kV DC/500 kV AC was calculated. Moreover, the influence of different parallel spacing and AC voltage level on the hybrid ionized field was analyzed, which provides theoretical basis for real parallel lines design.

ACS Style

Qiang Li; Hao Yang; Fan Yang; Degui Yao; Guangzhou Zhang; Jia Ran; Bing Gao. Calculation of Hybrid Ionized Field of AC/DC Transmission Lines by the Meshless Local Petorv–Galerkin Method. Energies 2018, 11, 1521 .

AMA Style

Qiang Li, Hao Yang, Fan Yang, Degui Yao, Guangzhou Zhang, Jia Ran, Bing Gao. Calculation of Hybrid Ionized Field of AC/DC Transmission Lines by the Meshless Local Petorv–Galerkin Method. Energies. 2018; 11 (6):1521.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qiang Li; Hao Yang; Fan Yang; Degui Yao; Guangzhou Zhang; Jia Ran; Bing Gao. 2018. "Calculation of Hybrid Ionized Field of AC/DC Transmission Lines by the Meshless Local Petorv–Galerkin Method." Energies 11, no. 6: 1521.

Journal article
Published: 12 May 2018 in Energies
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With the increasing consumption of electric energy, how to improve the capacity of transmission lines within safe margins is an urgent problem to be solved. This paper presents a transient thermal rating method under real-time meteorological conditions. The result of thermal ratings under different conditions shows that this rating approach can significantly increase the capacity of the line. As some of the most critical variables are remaining time and initial temperature, their influence upon the rating is studied. The method of statistical analysis is used to determine the ampacity at different risk levels. The result indicates that with smaller remaining time, the ampacities are larger, and with larger ampacities, the risk of thermal overload is greater. The choice of risk level would heavily affect the values of ampacity.

ACS Style

Jiapeng Liu; Hao Yang; Shengjie Yu; Sen Wang; Yu Shang; Fan Yang. Real-Time Transient Thermal Rating and the Calculation of Risk Level of Transmission Lines. Energies 2018, 11, 1233 .

AMA Style

Jiapeng Liu, Hao Yang, Shengjie Yu, Sen Wang, Yu Shang, Fan Yang. Real-Time Transient Thermal Rating and the Calculation of Risk Level of Transmission Lines. Energies. 2018; 11 (5):1233.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jiapeng Liu; Hao Yang; Shengjie Yu; Sen Wang; Yu Shang; Fan Yang. 2018. "Real-Time Transient Thermal Rating and the Calculation of Risk Level of Transmission Lines." Energies 11, no. 5: 1233.

Journal article
Published: 27 March 2018 in International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer
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The discharging process causes the multiple physical field coupling problem, which make it complicated to analyze the heat effect of discharging arc. The heat effect of the arc can be divided two parts including the heat effect of the arc column and the heat effect on the cathode surface. Therefore, this paper proposes an equivalent heat source to be equivalent to the two parts heat effect of the arc and simplifies the process for thermal analysis of the arc. Firstly, this paper analyzes the heat source characteristics of the arc based on MHD model. According to the heat source characteristics of the arc, this paper proposes respectively using ellipsoid heat source and Gaussian surface heat source to be equivalent to the two parts of the heat effect of the arc. Then the equivalent heat source is used to calculate the temperature distribution of tip-plane electrode under discharging. Comparing with the numerical results in MHD model, the error between the two models is within 0.5%, which proofs that the equivalent heat source can be used to equivalent to the heat effect of the arc. Moreover, this paper discusses the method to determine the parameters of the equivalent heat source. Finally, an experiment is carried out to verify the accuracy of the MHD model and the equivalent heat source of the arc.

ACS Style

Kai Liu; Fan Yang; Shaohua Wang; Bing Gao; Chong Xu. The research on the heat source characteristics and the equivalent heat source of the arc in gaps. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 2018, 124, 177 -189.

AMA Style

Kai Liu, Fan Yang, Shaohua Wang, Bing Gao, Chong Xu. The research on the heat source characteristics and the equivalent heat source of the arc in gaps. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 2018; 124 ():177-189.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kai Liu; Fan Yang; Shaohua Wang; Bing Gao; Chong Xu. 2018. "The research on the heat source characteristics and the equivalent heat source of the arc in gaps." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 124, no. : 177-189.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2017 in Energies
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A variety of reasons, specifically contact issues, irregular loads, cracks in insulation, defective relays, terminal junctions and other similar issues, increase the internal temperature of electrical instruments. This results in unexpected disturbances and potential damage to power equipment. Therefore, the initial prevention measures of thermal anomalies in electrical tools are essential to prevent power-equipment failure. In this article, we address this initial prevention mechanism for power substations using a computer-vision approach by taking advantage of infrared thermal images. The thermal images are taken through infrared cameras without disturbing the working operations of power substations. Thus, this article augments the non-destructive approach to defect analysis in electrical power equipment using computer vision and machine learning. We use a total of 150 thermal pictures of different electrical equipment in 10 different substations in operating conditions, using 300 different hotspots. Our approach uses multi-layered perceptron (MLP) to classify the thermal conditions of components of power substations into “defect” and “non-defect” classes. A total of eleven features, which are first-order and second-order statistical features, are calculated from the thermal sample images. The performance of MLP shows initial accuracy of 79.78%. We further augment the MLP with graph cut to increase accuracy to 84%. We argue that with the successful development and deployment of this new system, the Technology Department of Chongqing can arrange the recommended actions and thus save cost in repair and outages. This can play an important role in the quick and reliable inspection to potentially prevent power substation equipment from failure, which will save the whole system from breakdown. The increased 84% accuracy with the integration of the graph cut shows the efficacy of the proposed defect analysis approach.

ACS Style

Irfan Ullah; Fan Yang; Rehanullah Khan; Ling Liu; Haisheng Yang; Bing Gao; Kai Sun. Predictive Maintenance of Power Substation Equipment by Infrared Thermography Using a Machine-Learning Approach. Energies 2017, 10, 1987 .

AMA Style

Irfan Ullah, Fan Yang, Rehanullah Khan, Ling Liu, Haisheng Yang, Bing Gao, Kai Sun. Predictive Maintenance of Power Substation Equipment by Infrared Thermography Using a Machine-Learning Approach. Energies. 2017; 10 (12):1987.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Irfan Ullah; Fan Yang; Rehanullah Khan; Ling Liu; Haisheng Yang; Bing Gao; Kai Sun. 2017. "Predictive Maintenance of Power Substation Equipment by Infrared Thermography Using a Machine-Learning Approach." Energies 10, no. 12: 1987.

Journal article
Published: 21 November 2017 in Energies
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The corrosion of grounding grids can result in a grounding accident of a power system, and much attentions has been concentrated on the method used to detect a corrosion fault in a grounding grid, in which the methods of voltage measurement and magnetic field measurement are usually used. In this paper, a cycle voltage measurement method and L-curve regularization method are proposed to locate the faults in grounding grids. The L-curve method was used to select the appropriate regularization parameter, which can effectively balance the error and stability of the solution to the inverse problem. The uncertainty of the solution due to the ill-posed problem in the inverse problem has been well-solved. Experiments were conducted in a laboratory with two network types. In addition, a field experiment was carried out in a 110-kV substation. Both of the results showed that the method can effectively locate a branch fault with a single branch and multiple branches in the grounding grids.

ACS Style

Fan Yang; Yongan Wang; Manling Dong; Xiaokuo Kou; Degui Yao; Xing Li; Bing Gao; Irfan Ullah. A Cycle Voltage Measurement Method and Application in Grounding Grids Fault Location. Energies 2017, 10, 1929 .

AMA Style

Fan Yang, Yongan Wang, Manling Dong, Xiaokuo Kou, Degui Yao, Xing Li, Bing Gao, Irfan Ullah. A Cycle Voltage Measurement Method and Application in Grounding Grids Fault Location. Energies. 2017; 10 (11):1929.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fan Yang; Yongan Wang; Manling Dong; Xiaokuo Kou; Degui Yao; Xing Li; Bing Gao; Irfan Ullah. 2017. "A Cycle Voltage Measurement Method and Application in Grounding Grids Fault Location." Energies 10, no. 11: 1929.

Journal article
Published: 22 December 2012 in Indian Journal of Physics
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Spatially two-dimensional and axial-symmetric plasma model is developed to investigate the characteristics of a bar–plate corona discharge of argon gas under atmospheric pressure. An improved nonlocal collision-less electron heat flux is used in the model. Numerical simulation for the process of argon corona discharge under atmospheric pressure are carried out with a separation of 0.2 mm between the bar and plate and the discharge is excited by an external circuit. The results indicate that metastable argon atoms are mainly produced by ground state excitation reaction, the metastable step-wise ionization is the dominated reaction and the highest contribution to electron production during the discharge. In addition, the maximum of electron temperature arises in the cathode sheath due to Joule heating in the high electric field. Elastic collision is the dominant volumetric electron energy loss in atmosphere corona discharge, which is negligible in low pressure glow discharge. The discharge current–voltage characteristic is predicted and shows a good agreement with the results obtained by experiments.

ACS Style

F. Yang; X. H. Liu; W. He; H. G. Xiao. Investigation on characteristics of argon corona discharge under atmospheric pressure. Indian Journal of Physics 2012, 87, 391 -400.

AMA Style

F. Yang, X. H. Liu, W. He, H. G. Xiao. Investigation on characteristics of argon corona discharge under atmospheric pressure. Indian Journal of Physics. 2012; 87 (4):391-400.

Chicago/Turabian Style

F. Yang; X. H. Liu; W. He; H. G. Xiao. 2012. "Investigation on characteristics of argon corona discharge under atmospheric pressure." Indian Journal of Physics 87, no. 4: 391-400.