To analyze the internal pore evolution law of aquifer rock in a coal mining front under the coupling effect of stress and seepage and the influence on the water inrush performance of the working face, research on the working face was conducted to improve the RTR‐1000 high‐temperature and high‐pressure rock triaxial mechanical testing system, using hollow cylindrical and complete sandstone samples and by considering the stress change law in the actual mining process as the reference loading path. At the initial stage of loading, the permeability of sandstone demonstrates a rapid downward trend within a small range of stress change, with a decline rate of 50%. At lower permeabilities, the fluctuation is small; the plastic and failure stages are transient, and the relationship curve between the horizontal permeability and the axial confining pressure of sandstone is divided into compaction, multiple fluctuations, surrender, and failure. In several stages, the sandstone lateral permeability experiment under the coupling effect of stress and seepage demonstrates that the permeability of the aquifer in the coal mining front is significantly reduced after the original rock stress is disturbed by mining, suggesting that the water inrush calculation of the traditional water‐flowing fractured zone and caving zone aquifer rock permeability experiment is inaccurate. Further research can deepen the stress and seepage coupling evolution process under the action of working face water inrush.

Factors such as the hydrogeological conditions, the lithological characteristics of the columns’ components, and the lithological characteristics and stress conditions of the coal seam roof and floor are interrelated and jointly affect column collapse. In this study, the disaster‐causing mechanism of column collapse was studied. Based on the system theory, a collapsed column is divided into the column and the surrounding fissure zone as two subsystems for analysis. And, the permeability coefficient of the broken rock under different conditions was measured by a self‐designed equipment. The variations of the permeability coefficient for rock samples with different particle diameters, different axial pressures P_a, and different seepage velocities were further studied. Through phenomena analysis and experimental data processing, it was concluded that, under the same pressure state, smaller particle diameter meant smaller permeability coefficient; with the increase of axial pressure, the permeability coefficient decreased; and the larger the water flow velocity was, the smaller the permeability coefficient became. For particle diameter Φ = 2.5–5 mm or larger, the tiny particles formed by randomly washing and breaking in the water flow blocked some of the channels. For particle diameters smaller than Φ = 2.5–5 mm, the smaller permeability coefficient was attributed to the turbulence resulting from non‐Darcy flow. The study on the permeability of the fractured rock mass clarified the mechanism of water inrush from the fissure zone of the collapsed column: the collapsed column itself was impermeable, and the permeability of the fissure zone around the collapsed column was related to the lithological characteristics of the rock within the fissure zone and the sequencing of rock strata. When mining coal in areas with collapsed columns, experiments on collapsed columns and fissure zones are prerequisites. This study has a certain referential value for coal mining in this region.

The water burst of roof on working face has been one of the significant geotechnical engineering problems that needs to be urgently resolved. The coupling effects of seepage and damage on the amount and intensity of water inrush from the roof are critically important. In this paper, the seepage‐damage coupling mathematical model of the aquifer in the working face is studied, and the seepage‐damage coupling mechanics model at different stages of the aquifer is established. Under the coupling of permeability and damage, the water‐soil characteristics of the aquifer in the 101163 working face of Mindong were numerically simulated by establishing the constitutive relation between vertical stress and permeability coefficient. The numerical results show that the stress concentration factor of the mining stress field gradually increases with the coal seam mining. The water‐flowing fractured zone of the overburden is close to the communication of the quaternary aquifer. When the coal seam is excavated 250–300 m. Three free surfaces appear in the groundwater pressure field, and a large falling funnel is formed to establish a deep flow S‐well well flow model. The research on the mining stress field and seepage field is carried out in combination with the Jakob formula. It is found that two sectors with reduced permeability of the fan surface are formed in front of the work. The variation law of the apocalyptic permeability infiltration under different mining distances, different coal seam thicknesses, different water pressures, and different roof management modes is studied systematically. The research indicates that the seepage flow under the condition of seepage infiltration of the lower aquifer should be between 50% and 100% of the traditional calculation method. The research results can help to deepen the understanding of the process of water inrush under the coupling of stress and seepage.

The coal mine underground reservoir is an appropriate solution between coal mining and groundwater resource protection and utilization. By calculating the storage capacity of a groundwater reservoir, the storage coefficient has been proved to be always an empirical value. Based on the mathematical derivation of the vertical fracture area ratio and the horizontal fracture area rate of the collapse zone and the fissure zone in the goaf area of the coal seam, the mathematical models of tem are derived, and the model for calculating the water storage coefficient is derived. The water storage coefficient derived from the theoretical model had more basis and more advanced than the traditional empirical value. By using this method, the practical calculation of No.1 underground reservoir of the DaLliuta Coalmine in Shenhua Shendong, has got a perfect matching with the actual groundwater storage capacity.