The use of skylights in buildings introduces natural light into the interior space, thereby reducing the reliance on artificial lighting and aligning with the principles of low carbon and environmental sustainability. To ensure optimal indoor lighting quality, it is essential to optimize the arrangement of skylights to strike a balance between high average illumination and uniformity of illumination. Recent initiatives by the Chinese government have emphasized the construction and renovation of numerous gymnasiums. In this research, a novel approach based on optimized algorithms was employed to design skylights and improve the uniformity of indoor illuminance. Simulation results demonstrated that the skylight arrangements derived from the optimization algorithms exhibited significantly higher levels of illumination uniformity, while maintaining comparable average illumination and skylight areas, when compared to conventional designs. Additionally, the study employed genetic algorithms to optimize the skylight arrangement for a specific gymnasium, resulting in a remarkable 32% increase in illumination uniformity. The study also accounted for obstacles and seating in the skylight design, and the genetic algorithm generated desirable skylight arrangements with respective increases of 32% and 21% in illumination uniformity for scenarios involving obstacles and seating. Overall, this study underscores the potential of optimized algorithms in the design of skylights for green buildings, offering valuable insights for future research endeavors in this field.

Multi-band circular dichroism (CD) response and tunability on the chiral metasurface are crucial for this device’s applications in sensing and detection. This work proposes a dual-band CD Au-CaF₂-Au dimer elliptical metasurface absorber, where chiroptical sensing is realized by breaking the geometric symmetry between two ellipses. The proposed metasurface can achieve high CD values of 0.8 and −0.74 for the dual-band within the 3–5 μm region, and the CD values can be manipulated by independently adjusting the geometric parameters of the metasurface. Furthermore, a slotted nanocircuit is introduced onto the metasurface to enhance its tunability by manipulating the geometry parameter in the design process, and the related mechanism is explained using an equivalent circuit model. The simulation of the sensing model revealed that the slotted nanocircuit enhances the sensor’s tunability and significantly improves its bandwidth and sensitivity, achieving peak enhancements at approximately 753 nm and 1311 nm/RIU, respectively. Due to the strong dual-band positive (and negative) responses of the CD values, flexible wavelength tunability, and nonlinear sensitivity enhancement, this design provides a new approach for the development and application of mid-infrared chiroptical devices.