The most prominent and rapidly increasing source of electrical power generation, wind energy conversion systems (WECS), can significantly improve the situation with regard to remote communities’ power supply. The main constituting elements of a WECS are a wind turbine, a mechanical transmission system, a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), a rotor side converter (RSC), a common DC-link capacitor, and a grid-side converter. Vector control is center for RSC and GSC control techniques. Because of direct and quadrature components, the active and reactive power can also be controller precisely. This study tracks the maximum power point (MPP) using a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller strategy. The MPPT technique provides a voltage reference to control the maximum power conversion at the turbine end. The performance and efficiency of the suggested control strategy are validated by WECS simulation under fluctuating wind speed. The MATLAB/Simulink environment using simpower system toolbox is used to simulate the proposed control strategy. The results reveal the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy under fluctuating wind speed and provides good dynamic performance. The total harmonic distortions are also within the IEEE 519 standard’s permissible limits which is also an advantage of the proposed control approach.

The origin of organic matter, its spread, scattering, and functioning are influenced by the physical structure of liquid or dispersed media of organic matter. Refractive indices of fodder yeast grown on paraffin oil (paprin) and natural gas (gaprin) as well as Lycoperdon spore and organelles were measured by laser phase microscopy. The scattering matrices of aqueous suspensions of paprin, gaprin, and Lycoperdon spores were measured using a laser polarimeter with the scattering angle ranging from 20 to 150°. The experimentally measured scattering matrices have been approximated by the weighted sum of theoretically calculated scattering matrices using the T-matrix code developed by Mishchenko. Most of the particle radii in the filtered fraction of paprin and gaprin were within the range of about 0.05–0.12 μm. Particle radii of the Lycoperdon spore suspension were within the range of 0.4–2.4 μm, which corresponded to both whole spores and their separate organelles. A possibility of identifying a suspension by its scattering matrices was shown for a small difference in the real parts of the refractive index in the example of paprin and gaprin. The measurements of the light scattering matrix showed that for a small size parameter of about 1, the identification of paprin and gaprin can be based only on a difference in the particle shape. Refractive index difference is manifested for the size parameter values higher than 3. An example of a suspension consisting of micron-sized spores and their submicron organelles shows high sensitivity of the scattering matrix to the composition of the dispersed material. The presented data and models help to extrapolate the results of the light scattering matrix study to a vast spectrum of media of organic matter origin and functioning. This study focused on the Biogeosystem Technique (BGT*) transcendental methodology to manage soil as an arena of biodegradation and organic synthesis. A BGT*-based robotic system for intra-soil pulse continuous–discrete water and matter supply directly into the dispersed–aggregated physical structure of the soil media was developed. The system enables transformation of soil into a stable highly productive organic chemical bioreactor for better controlled nanoparticle biomolecular interactions and adsorption by biological and mineral media. The scattering matrix measurement unit is supposed to be used in the robotic system as a diagnostic tool for the dispersion composition of soil organic components.

Mathematical formulation of the animal thermal status has been developed, with the account of two convenience conditions and heat balance, for the floor-mounted heating panel for prenursery pigs. The borders of the heat flux variation range for the floor-mounted heating panel have been determined corresponding to the animal-friendly conditions for prenursery pigs of various age groups. The block diagram of the energy-saving floor-mounted heating panel, comprising the thermoelectric assembly operating in the heat pump mode, has been designed. The method has been described and the corresponding calculations have been made for the basic thermal parameters of the floor-mounted local heating installation, for prenursery pigs, with the application of a thermoelectric heat pump. The experimental installation sample of 116 W thermal capacity (for the heat transfer coefficient from 0.9 W·m⁻²·K⁻¹ to 1.0 W·m⁻²·K⁻¹ and floor temperature in the range of 5 °C to 6 °C) has been developed and manufactured for local heating for prenursery pigs managed in gestation crates. Laboratory tests of the experimental sample of the floor-mounted heating panel have demonstrated high energy efficiency of the heating installation under development. The energy-saving effect (approx. 15% compared to the series-produced equipment designed for local heating of young stock) of the developed installation was achieved owing to the partial heat recuperation of the exhaust ventilating air.