This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent advancements in computational methods for modeling, simulation, and optimization of complex systems in materials engineering, mechanical engineering, and energy systems. We identified key trends and highlighted the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with traditional computational methods. Some of the cited works were previously published within the topic: “Computational Methods: Modeling, Simulations, and Optimization of Complex Systems”; thus, this article compiles the latest reports from this field. The work presents various contemporary applications of advanced computational algorithms, including AI methods. It also introduces proposals for novel strategies in materials production and optimization methods within the energy systems domain. It is essential to optimize the properties of materials used in energy. Our findings demonstrate significant improvements in accuracy and efficiency, offering valuable insights for researchers and practitioners. This review contributes to the field by synthesizing state-of-the-art developments and suggesting directions for future research, underscoring the critical role of these methods in advancing engineering and technological solutions.

Adsorption refrigerators are a compelling ecological alternative to compressor refrigerators; global warming forces us to constantly look for alternative sources of energy and cold. Cold production in adsorption chillers is based on the use of heat generated by other processes running in the company. Waste heat from production processes, which has, until now, been irretrievably lost, is a potential source of energy for generating cold via an adsorption unit producing chilled water. Cooling optimizes the use of the heating network in summer and can lead to increased electricity production while reducing heat supply losses. Thus far, attempts to implement adsorption refrigerators for widespread use have not been successful as a result of the low efficiency of these devices; this is directly related to the poor heat and mass transfer conditions in the beds and heat exchangers of adsorption refrigerators. The solutions used so far, such as new working pairs, glued beds or modifications to the structure or cycle length, are still not strong enough for these devices. Therefore, it is necessary to look for new solutions. Using micro- and nanobubbles as media to increase mass and heat transfer in refrigerators is an innovative and pioneering solution. Thus, this document describes the most important features of micro- and nanobubble technology applications in adsorption refrigerators. This article is an introduction and a basis for the implementation of further research, consolidating the existing literature as a review.

Adsorption technology utilizes low-temperature renewable and waste heat sources for cost-effective and environmentally friendly cooling and water desalination systems. However, the problem with existing adsorption refrigerators is the low COP. This is caused by poor heat and mass transfer in existing packed bed designs. The solution to this problem lies in the use of fluidized bed technology, which enhances heat and mass transfer mechanisms. Various approaches to the construction and operation of adsorption systems with a fluidized bed of adsorbent can be found in the literature; hence, the aim of the work is to analyze the existing applications of a fluidized bed in adsorption refrigerators and other systems utilizing sorption beds. There are many methods for improving the energy efficiency of adsorption refrigerators. However, the literature suggests that fluidized bed systems have the potential to significantly improve the energy efficiency of adsorption cooling and desalination systems. Based on the review, it was concluded that using fluidization technology in adsorption cooling and desalination systems can be beneficial and represents significant potential for future research.

Climate change and global decarbonization targets drive the search for more efficient and cost-effective combustion technologies. Chemical looping combustion (CLC) using solid oxygen carriers with chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU) functionality has attracted growing interest due to its inherent potential for CO₂ capture without requiring additional separation processes. This study introduces a conceptual proof-of-concept design of a novel fuel reactor design for a dual-fluidized bed CLC system operating with solid fuels. The new configuration incorporates a perforated conveyor for circulating CLOU-type oxygen carriers, thereby avoiding direct contact between the carriers and the fuel–ash mixture. This approach prevents the slip of unburned fuel and ash into the air reactor, minimizes the loss of oxygen carriers, and improves combustion efficiency. The proposed reactor concept enables the generation of flue gas with a high CO₂ concentration, which facilitates its subsequent capture and reduces the energy penalty associated with traditional CCS techniques. The improved phase separation and better control of oxygen carrier residence time contribute to enhanced system performance and reduced operating costs. Preliminary process simulations conducted in the CeSFaMB environment, using boundary and initial conditions from a CLC test rig, were included to illustrate the potential of the design. Experimental validation is outside the scope of this study and will be presented in future work once the dedicated test facility is operational. This contribution should therefore be regarded as a conceptual proof-of-concept study, and experimental validation together with techno-economic benchmarking will be reported in follow-up publications once the dedicated test facility is operational.