The continuous energy-harvesting in moisture environment is attractive for the development of clean energy source. Controlling the transport of ionized mobile charge in intelligent nanoporous membrane systems is a promising strategy to develop the moisture-enabled electric generator. However, existing designs still suffer from low output power density. Moreover, these devices can only produce short-term (mostly a few seconds or a few hours, rarely for a few days) voltage and current output in the ambient environment. Here, we show an ionic diode–type hybrid membrane capable of continuously generating energy in the ambient environment. The built-in electric field of the nanofluidic diode-type PN junction helps the selective ions separation and the steady-state one-way ion charge transfer. This directional ion migration is further converted to electron transportation at the surface of electrodes via oxidation-reduction reaction and charge adsorption, thus resulting in a continuous voltage and current with high energy conversion efficiency.
Hydrogel sensors are widely utilized in soft robotics and tissue engineering due to their excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, in high‐water environments, traditional hydrogels can experience significant swelling, leading to decreased mechanical and electrical performance, potentially losing shape, and sensing capabilities. This study addresses these challenges by leveraging the Hofmeister effect, coupled with directional freezing and salting‐out techniques, to develop a layered, high‐strength, tough, and antiswelling PVA/MXene hydrogel. In particular, the salting‐out process enhances the self‐entanglement of PVA, resulting in an S‐PM hydrogel with a tensile strength of up to 2.87 MPa. Furthermore, the S‐PM hydrogel retains its structure and strength after 7 d of swelling, with only a 6% change in resistance. Importantly, its sensing performance is improved postswelling, a capability rarely achievable in traditional hydrogels. Moreover, the S‐PM hydrogel demonstrates faster response times and more stable resistance change rates in underwater tests, making it crucial for long‐term continuous monitoring in challenging aquatic environments, ensuring sustained operation and monitoring.
Fiber-shaped solar cells (FSCs) show great potential to act as the power source in the wearable electronics field. Due to the unique advantages of the fiber-shaped organic solar cells (FOSCs), such as all-solid-state, ease of fabrication, and environmental friendliness, FOSCs are the strongest candidate among all types of FSCs for wearable electronics. However, the development of FOSCs is seriously lagging behind other types of FSCs. In this work, we demonstrate the efficient FOSCs with non-fullerene-acceptors (NFAs)-based light-harvesting materials. The FOSCs present efficiencies exceeding 9% under AM 1.5 G irradiation conditions. The performance influence factors including hole/electron transport layers, active layer, counter electrodes, solvents, and especially, the environmental humidity is systematically studied. The FOSCs not only can easily drive the electrical devices but also can be woven into the textile to charge the smartwatch. The study exhibits the great potential to apply the FOSCs as the power supply source in the wearable electronic field.