1. Human traditions have developed the knowledge and use of medicinal plants to improve human health [1]. The medicinal properties of plants are due to products synthesized by the plants themselves...

Plant species of medicinal interest are involved in various sectors in their raw state or in the form of oils, extracts, aqueous or organic solutions. Their preparations contain one or more active ingredients that can be used for therapeutic purposes. Medicinal plants are recognized for physicochemical properties and richness in natural drugs belonging to different molecule classes such as terpenoids and phenolic compounds, like flavonoids, tannins, coumarins and phenolic acids that contribute to effective protection against numerous pathological processes. This study was devoted to phytochemical screening and evaluation of biological properties, namely, the antioxidant activities of hydroethanolic and infusion extracts prepared from Algerian Sahara Nerium oleander. Phytochemical tests applied to the studied plant showed the presence of several families of chemical compounds, including tannins and flavonoids. All samples exhibited interesting antioxidant activity when compared to the standard Trolox, but the hydroethanolic extract (EC50 values between 18 and 75 µg/mL) presented the highest bioactivity. The contemporary presence of bioactivities suggests that the Saharan Nerium oleander may be a source for such new preservatives in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

This study was devoted to phytochemical screening and evaluation of biological properties, namely, the antimicrobial activities of hydroethanolic and infusion extracts prepared from Algerian Sahara Matricaria pubescens (Desf). Phytochemical tests applied to the studied plant showed the presence of several families of chemical compounds, including tannins and flavonoids. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of M. pubescens extracts was moderate, while the gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive than the gram-negative strains (MIC values between 10 and 20 mg/mL). The contemporary presence of bioactivities suggests that the Saharan M. pubescens (Desf) may be a source for such new preservatives in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

A new indigenous soil phenol-degrading bacterium strain S2 was successfully isolated from Oum ghellaz lake shore soil in Oran in Algeria. Based on its morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, the strain S2 was characterized as a Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, forms endospores, and short rod-shaped bacterium that utilizes phenol as a sole carbon and energy source also other phenolic compounds. 16SrDNA sequence analysis revealed that this strain is belongs to Niallia nealsonii in the group of firmicutes. The strain was efficient in removing 91.6% of the initial 500 mg.L-1phenol within 48 h and had a tolerance of phenol concentration as high as 1500 mg.L-1. These results indicated that Niallia nealsonii has promising bioremediation potential.

The main objective of this study is to comprehensively examine and analyze the various stages and components of the sheep meat value chain in Algeria. Specifically, this research aims to investigate the production, processing, distribution, and marketing aspects of sheep meat in a highly productive region within the Wilaya of Tiaret, located in northwest Algeria.A survey was conducted between 2019 and 2021, involving 57 breeders, 22 sheep dealers, 31 butchers, 2 slaughterhouse managers, and 510 consumers. The study identified two distinct marketing circuits for sheep meat in the region: one operating year-round and the other during the religious celebration of Aid El Adha. However, it was observed that the weak organization among the various actors in the value chain led to price fluctuations throughout the year.The study also revealed that sheep dealers had a lower net commercial margin than butchers, with an average of 5,902 DA per head for the former and a range of 7,200 DA to 8,200 DA for the latter, depending on the carcass category.The findings presented in this study not only contribute to academic knowledge but also serve as a practical guide for decision-makers, enabling them to implement policies that enhance the organization, efficiency, and sustainability of the sheep meat value chain in the Tiaret region.

The use of medicinal plants from the traditional African pharmacopoeia in the treatment of various diseases has been known for a long time, and the positive effects of this phytotherapy are no longer in question. However, these practices are based on empiricism. The methanolic extract of the leaves of Artemisia herba-alba has analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties that justify its traditional use. This study evaluates the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties of the methanolic leaf extract of Artemisia herba-alba. The negative control and test groups received 40 mg/kg of the extract. The anti-hematogenic effects of the extract showed a significant decrease in carrageenan-induced paw edema at 1 and 3 hours, as well as dextran-induced inflammation, compared to the control. In addition, there was inhibition of xylene-induced ear edema with a significant reduction compared to the control (p<0.05). The bacterial activity was determined on five bacterial strains: Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC700603, Citrobacter freindii ATCC8090, Salmonella typhii ATCC13311, Enterobacter coloacae ATCC13047 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, according to the in vitro agar diffusion method (aromatogram). Our extract would therefore be an advantageous source of improved traditional medicine that is accessible and less expensive for people.