Cyprus was affected by different civilizations throughout history. After the 1974 war on the island, both parts of the island were affected by social, economic, cultural, environmental, and political factors. It is known that, in 1960, the construction of buildings containing the criteria of the modern architectural period in the northern and southern parts of the island of Cyprus continued increasingly. Although the architectural approaches that emerged with the modern period have different trends, the basis of all of them is based on the criteria of modern architecture. The main purpose of this research is to examine the architectural criteria of Efruz Houses (Müdüroğlu Houses) built in the modern period in the Nicosia Kumsal region in the context of sustainability parameters and modern architectural approach. In the study, these houses will be examined in terms of social, cultural, environmental, and economic which are parameters of sustainability. In the methodological approach, theoretical, analytical, and practical approaches were followed. In the theoretical approach stage, modern architecture, modern architectural approaches, and sustainability issues are discussed. At the analytical approach stage, the current analysis of the modern period residences in the Kumsal/Nicosia region, which was determined as the subject of the study, was made. In the practical approach phase, data revealing the physical and environmental conditions of the selected buildings were collected. The collected data were evaluated over the modern period residences in the Kumsal region in the context of modern architectural approaches and sustainability parameters. In the findings section, which is the last stage of the study, modern period houses that change function and do not change function are evaluated in the context of modern architectural approaches and sustainability parameters, taking into account the criteria of modern architecture. The research and findings clearly observed that the ideal principles and approaches of the modern period are associated with the sustainability parameters that emerged in the modern period. In the study, the necessity of applying modern period approaches in sustainable designs emerges. In this context, modern architectural criteria should be integrated into today’s sustainable designs and applied in practice. It is targeted to contribute to the existing literature by revealing the importance and values of houses, sustainability parameters, and modern period approaches and criteria.

Green building is the modern method adopted to attain global sustainability through individual house level. The user’s demand for housing is increasing every day, also the demand for other house utility increases. These demands may include energy and water supply, refuse management, provision of new infrastructures etc. most of these demands are necessary for every user to survive. Therefore, most users engage in afforestation, increases carbon emission and rise in the Greenhouse gases level production to meet up with their demands, these activities causes’ disasters to our planet. Therefore users need and green approach to sustainability are two opposite factors. This paper examines the user’s need and comfort in designing or purchasing green buildings in Kano state, Nigeria. Relevant kinds of literature were revised in this work with the addition of a case study which was analysed using the descriptive approach method. A case study was picked in Kano state, Gwale Yan-Alawa quarters as an example of green building, which was analysed and rated using BREEAM and LEED assessment criteria. The result shows about 80% of user satisfaction was recorded. Also, the demand for green building keeps increasing in Kano state, which adds value to it. Keywords: Green building, users’ need, users’ demand, users’ perception, sustainability and green construction

Every person, regardless of their race, culture, origin, or religion, has an inherent right to move and live comfortably in various environments. This principle extends universally to include individuals with disabilities. It is crucial to recognize and uphold the rights of disabled individuals to equal access, participation, and inclusion in all aspects of life, including physical environments, public spaces, transportation, communication, and social interactions. By promoting inclusivity and eliminating barriers, society can create a fairer and more accessible world that allows people with disabilities to fully engage in their rights as valued members of the community. Hence, it is crucial to guarantee the convenient accessibility of all public areas since they play a substantial part in our everyday experiences. The objective of the research paper is to examine the standards for designing POS, particularly emphasizing their appropriateness for people with disabilities. The study conducts a comprehensive evaluation of Kumsal Park's design elements, assessing whether they adequately consider the needs of disabled individuals. The data collection involves a structured questionnaire that covers demographics, general information about Kumsal Park, park design features, and design criteria for individuals with disabilities. Additionally, data is collected through observations using a checklist created based on the study's observations. While Kumsal Park in Nicosia, Northern Cyprus, demonstrates satisfactory design criteria in certain areas, improvements are required to cater to disabled individuals and enhance the overall park experience. Addressing the identified issues, such as lighting, parking, security, activities, and signage, and improving accessibility features will contribute to creating a more inclusive and satisfying environment for all visitors. Keywords: design criteria, public open spaces, parks, disabled persons, universal design, Kumsal Park, Northern Cyprus.

This paper examines the kitchens' evolution throughout history and the increasing interest of architects in the kitchen space to meet user needs. The method of studying this paper is part of a research project that reviews a series of changes in the architecture of kitchen spaces in the past 100 years, with a focus on the types of kitchen that have been used and how to develop them over time according to the dimensions of the space and the needs of the user. This paper shows the importance of user needs in architectural kitchen design development. The study focuses on modern kitchens and their types according to the available kitchen dimensions. The case study is centered on how the user needs to influence the design of an existing kitchen, Northern Cyprus.

Hospitals are large and complex structures that provide 24-hour healthcare. These structures, where many different functions are combined, are constantly changing and developing with innovations in health, technique, and economy. With the technological developments in the world, population growth, the desire to live healthier and longer, hospital structures are reshaped. These developments best define the changes made in programming according to the user needs. In order for hospital buildings to provide health services for many years, they must be durable and designed with developments in the future which can happen. Emergency departments are from the internal units of the hospital. The duty of the emergency department is to bring the patients to the emergency service, to make the first intervention to the patient according to the emergency situation, and to provide the best care to the patient by directing them to the required unit. The emergency department architecture must take into consideration human health while meeting patient and user needs. Emergency departments have evolved from the past to today in line with the new needs of the users. In this study, the space requirements and general design factors of emergency departments are explained.

This research addresses the neglect of sensory features, specifically the soundscape, in studies focused on preserving historic areas. The aim was to contribute to soundscape research by examining the effect of sound on the perception of urban historical places and the impact of the “renewal and transformation” process on audio-visual experiences. This study focused on the historical Erbil Citadel as a case study area, known for its extensive cultural history. Sound sources in the region were identified, recorded, and analyzed using software to calculate the Sound Pressure Level (SPL). The sound sources assessed as a result of the analysis were examined using Schafer’s sound characteristics. In this study, data was collected through a soundwalk study in the historical Erbil Citadel, and its surroundings were identified. The characteristics of the sounds were determined from the sound recordings, enabling the distinction of sounds contributing to the city’s identity. A route was established in its current state, and it was identified which regional precautions should be taken to preserve the sound identity of the city.