The widespread adoption and expansion of distance learning necessitates the consideration of issues related to learning passion, which is the strong desire of learners towards a specific activity of high value and meaning that enables the use of relevant cognitive and behavioral strategies to acquire, store, apply, share, use, absorb, and create knowledge. The current study aimed to measure learners’ practices of learning emotion processes, knowledge management, and organization in distance learning environments using tangible indicators. The study utilized a descriptive correlational approach to identify the effects of the study variables, including learning emotion (harmonious passion—emotional obsession), on knowledge management through the mediating role of self-regulation in distance learning environments. The results show that learners’ practices of learning emotion processes, knowledge management, and organization in distance learning environments were higher than average, and there was a significant correlation between emotion, self-regulation, and knowledge management. Additionally, learning emotion (harmonious passion and emotional obsession) had a statistically significant effect on self-organization processes and knowledge management. Structural equation modeling analysis confirmed the validity of the proposed path model, indicating that self-regulation plays a crucial role in mediating the relationship between emotion and knowledge management in distance learning environments.

Understanding how the public perceives various risks and hazards associated with our well-being and health is crucial for governments and policymakers. The present research aimed to assess the public perception of various risks and hazards associated with well-being and health. The study combined two well-known risk assessment approaches: the analytical hierarchical process (AHP) and the psychometric paradigm. Seven risk attributes were chosen from the risk perception literature to evaluate 27 risks and hazard activities using a survey questionnaire developed based on the psychometric paradigm literature. The collected data were then analyzed using the AHP to determine the priority weight for each risk attribute. The results showed that the most crucial risk attribute was voluntariness of risk, followed by chronic catastrophic and newness of risk. Furthermore, the study found that natural hazards were ranked the highest, followed by refugee influx and fire hazards. In contrast, the mobile phone was perceived as posing the lowest type of risk. Policymakers can use these findings to develop effective and sustainable risk communication strategies to help the governments to inform and educate the public about potential risks, improve coordination among agencies and stakeholders, and enhance public trust in government decision making.

This study investigates the evolving causal relationship between government revenue and expenditure in Algeria from 1980 to 2022, a period marked by significant fiscal policy shifts. Unlike previous research assuming a static relationship, we employ a bootstrap rolling window approach and spectral Granger-causality test to capture time-varying causality. These methods illuminate the dynamic nature of fiscal interactions in Algeria's changing economic landscape. Our findings robustly support the tax-spend hypothesis over extended periods, revealing that government revenues significantly influence expenditure patterns. Notably, from 1995 to 2003, we observe a positive effect on spending, coinciding with fiscal contraction and rationalization efforts. Conversely, despite declining tax revenues from 2005 to 2008, an expansionary fiscal policy increased spending, indicative of financial illusion. Interestingly, we also find intermittent short-term evidence supporting both the spend-tax and fiscal synchronization hypotheses, highlighting the complex and multifaceted nature of Algeria's fiscal dynamics. The spectral Granger-causality tests further corroborate these findings, particularly in the medium term. This study contributes to the literature on fiscal policy dynamics in resource-dependent economies and offers valuable insights for policymakers navigating Algeria's complex fiscal landscape. Our results underscore the importance of adaptive fiscal strategies that account for the time-varying nature of revenue-expenditure relationships, particularly in the face of oil price volatility and economic diversification efforts.

Understanding how the public perceives various risks and hazards associated with our well-being and health is crucial for government and policymakers. The present research aimed to assess the public's perception of various risks and hazards associated with their well-being and health. The study combined two well-known approaches to risk assessment, namely, the analytical hierarchical process (AHP) and the psychometric paradigm. Seven risk attributes were chosen from the risk perception literature to evaluate 27 risks and hazard activities using a survey questionnaire developed based on the psychometric paradigm literature. The collected data was then analyzed using AHP to determine the priority weight for each risk attribute. The results showed that the most important risk attribute was voluntariness of risk, followed by chronic-catastrophic and newness of risk. Furthermore, the study found that natural hazards were ranked the highest, followed by refugee influx and fire hazards. In contrast, the mobile phone was perceived as the lowest type of risk. The findings can be used by policymakers to develop effective and sustainable risk communication strategies. Policymakers can use the research findings to create effective and sustainable risk communication strategies that help the government to inform and educate the public about potential risks, improve coordination among agencies and stakeholders, and enhance public trust in government decision-making.

This study measuring impact of human capital empowerment (HCE) contributes improve financial performance sustainability (FPS) in banking sector. The study focused on testing two hypotheses about human capital empowerment (HCE) contributor's and improving financial performance in banking sector. Additionally, contribution of human capital empowerment (HCE) and improving financial performance sustainability (FPS) of Faisal Islamic Bank of Sudan. Study used inductive and deductive techniques to identified problem nature, study dimensions and examine study hypotheses by historical and descriptive analytical models to analyzing study data. Study data was analyzed by (SPSS) and (AMOS) packages by one-sample T-test and analysis of variance test. Unilateral, study reached a set of results, most important of: a significant difference between human capital empowerment (HCE) contributor's and financial performance sustainability (FPS) improvement in banking sector.

This research paper explores the electronic government adoption and implementation level by local government entities in Sudan. It examines how local governments have embraced and integrated digital technologies, platforms, and services using Layne and Lee four stages model. The study employed a content analysis method to collect data from 18 official websites of Sudanese local government entities. The findings suggest that while local e-government initiatives are still in the informative stages, many governments plan to develop more sophisticated e-government offerings. The key barriers and challenges to adopt and implement e-government identified in the research include technological barriers, lack of resources, digital divide, and legal and regulatory obstacles.