Heat Transfer Studies of Arrays of Prolate Particles in Gas-Solid Flows: Numerical study of forced convection heat transfer from arrays of prolate particles is performed using the second-order Immersed Boundary-Lattice Boltzmann Method (IB-LBM). Prolate particle is studied with aspect ratio of 2.5 with solid volume fraction variation from 0.1 to 0.3. For each solid volume fraction, arrays of prolate particles are generated and simulations have been performed to calculate Nusselt number for four different Hermans orientation factors and various Reynolds numbers. From the simulation results, it has been observed that, for any specific value of Hermans orientation factor, Nusselt number increases with the increase of the Reynolds number and solid volume fraction. More importantly, it is found that the effect of orientations on Nusselt number is significant. Nusselt number correlation is developed for ellipsoidal particles as function of Reynolds number, Prandtl number, solid volume fraction, and orientation factors. This correlation is valid for and .

Airfoils are the key component of aircraft that are used to generate lift force to support its weight. Optimization of airfoils can significantly enhance their aerodynamic efficiency. The present study introduces a novel method of airfoil optimization that integrates Genet-ic Algorithms (GA) with Deep Learning (DL). The dataset was generated using XFOIL by varying angle of attack and Reynold’s number for various airfoil geometries. The geometry of airfoils was represented by Bezier Curve parametrization in the dataset. The generated dataset was used to train a Dual Branch Fully Connected Hybrid Activated Deep Network (DBFC-HA DN) model. The novel approach involves the integration of the trained model with the Genetic Algorithm (GA) to find the optimized solution (geometry) of the airfoil bounded within a pre-defined angle of attack range that is based on a reference airfoil. CFD analyses have been performed to verify the results of the proposed model. For NACA 65(2)-415, a 24.45% increase in lift-to-drag ratio was identified using CFD analysis at 0º angle of attack. The results were also validated using wind tunnel testing. The approach presented in the study saves computational cost and time for the optimisation of airfoils as compared to CFD and provides a basis for its use in the optimisation of airfoil performance for the relevant aerospace engineering applications.

Emergency core cooling system plays a critical role in maintaining the research reactor core safety, during loss of coolant accidents scenarios. However, no comprehensive computational fluid dynamic study of emergency core cooling for research reactor has been reported yet using commercially available software’s. In current study a detailed simulation analysis has been performed on emergency core cooling system using ANSYS Fluent. Different configurations of nozzles have been simulated for finding the optimum configuration. Results reveal that rectangle and diamond configurations have high cooling efficiency in comparison to others. Furthermore, parametric study for height has also been done by placing the optimum configurations of nozzles at different heights. It has been found that the height of 2,000 mm for rectangle and 1,900 mm for diamond configuration provides optimum cooling. Coverage area of water has also been calculated at the top of core to support the conclusion of optimum configuration and height by using the image analysis. At a height of 2,000 mm the rectangular and diamond configurations showed the coverage area of 0.867m ² and 0.801m ² respectively.