This publication presents the results of studies of the bottom sediments (sapropels) of lakes in the North Kazakhstan region. The purpose of this study is to identify the possibility of using sapropels from the lakes of the region in obtaining innovative fertilizers for organic farming. For this purpose, geoinformation technologies, field research, statistics, and chemical and chemical-analytical methods were used (automated spectrometric methods of segmented flow analysis, photocolorimetry, flame photometry, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry). During the first stage of this study, the bottom sediments of three lakes in the region, which were at different stages of eutrophication, were selected to study the chemical composition of the raw materials. The sapropel of Lake Penkovskoye had optimal indicators. Further, an analysis of the territory of the region for the development of agrotourism was carried out. The aim of this study is to substantiate the prospects for the use of sapropel in the production of innovative fertilizers. The natural origin of sapropels allows them to be used in the production of environmentally friendly and safe products. Reducing the use of artificially synthesized mineral fertilizers will make agriculture and the environment safe and sustainable. This will further contribute to the development of agrotourism in the region.

Research has been conducted on the development of an innovative organomineral fertilizer based on local lake resources as a stimulator of germination and growth of crops, as one of the factors in achieving the goal of environmental sustainability. The results obtained are based on the environmental friendliness of the technology, increasing yields, and obtaining environmentally friendly products. This, in turn, will not only save mineral resources but also make it possible to use the resources from the bottom sediments of local lakes, and their rational extraction will contribute to the sustainable development and restoration of lake ecosystems. This article highlights the results of laboratory and field studies on the use of sapropel extract at the stage of pre-sowing seed treatment obtained by extraction of bottom sediments from lakes in Northern Kazakhstan. Solutions of aqueous alcohol extract of sapropel extract with concentrations of 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6, 2.0 g/L and table beet seeds (Beta vulgaris L.) of Bordo 237 variety were used as objects of research. Statistical analysis of laboratory experience data, based on the determination of germination energy and seed germination, allowed us to identify the optimal concentration of sapropel working solution for pre–sowing seed treatment—1.6 g/L. The index of germination energy and germination of seeds during pretreatment with sapropel extract of this concentration was 40% and 50%, respectively. This contributed to an increase in germination energy by almost 2 times and in seed germination by more than 40%. Pre-sowing treatment of seeds with sapropel extract at a concentration of 1.6 g/L in a field experiment contributed to the improvement of biometric indicators of beet fruits, such as diameter, length, and weight. The results of the data on fetal weight of the experimental variant compared with the control were 27% higher, and they were 26% and 32% higher compared with other experimental variants. In the experimental group, the highest yield index was also established, which is 2.15 times, or 53%, higher than the control, which emphasizes the effectiveness of pre-sowing seed treatment with the resulting sapropel suspension. A patent of the Republic of Kazakhstan was issued for the method we developed for obtaining a sapropel product for pre-sowing treatment of seeds: “A method for obtaining a sapropel product for pre-sowing treatment of vegetable seeds”. The research presented in the article confirms its effectiveness. The use of this product in pre-sowing seed treatment reduces the number of agrotechnological operations and costs, which makes this method more efficient and economically beneficial for the agricultural industry. Thus, the principle of food security will be implemented, contributing to the preservation of sustainable development and having a positive impact on the health of the population.

Relevance.One of the most pressing global issues is plastic waste recycling, which is impossible without high-quality thorough washing of the waste plastic. Currently, the issues of recycling plastic products are especially acute. As a result, in the enterprises focused on the recycling of plastics, special attention is paid to the preparation of raw materials. The presence of even small amounts of contaminants leads to a deterioration in the quality indicators of secondary polymers (bulk density, strength, flowability) obtained in the form of fleck or regranulate. Coagulants and flocculants are used to remove sparingly soluble impurities of various natures. The absence of a unified theory of the use of coagulating reagents and the optimal operating parameters of secondary water treatment entails excessive consumption of reagents, which is both technologically and economically unprofitable. At the same time, at the overwhelming majority of enterprises, the choice of regime parameters for water treatment (concentration of reagents, temperature, coagulation time) is carried out purely empirically. Precise selection of the reagent quantity makes it possible to maximize the efficiency of water treatment and meet the requirements of standards for their residual concentration in recycled water. The problem of optimizing water treatment is relevant, since the effectiveness of the use of coagulants and flocculants depends on a large number of factors. At the same time, the use of probabilisticdeterministic planning makes it possible to scientifically optimize the water purification and thereby eliminate the overspending of reagents. The propose of the study is to optimize the operating parameters for recycled water purification at an enterprise for recycling plastics. Methods: sedimentation analysis, method of probabilistic-deterministic planning. Result. The processes of coagulation and flocculation of contaminants in recycled water of an enterprise for recycling plastics have been studied. Based on the use of the principles of probabilistic-deterministic planning of the experiment, a cycle of studies was carried out aimed at establishing the regimes of water purification of recycled water. The kinetic dependence of sedimentation in the presence of a coagulant aluminum sulfate and a high-molecular-weight cationic low-charge flocculant was established. The optimal modes of coagulation: costs of coagulant and flocculant, temperature, duration of coagulation, was established.

The research aimed to explore the potential use of a suspension of Chlorella vulgaris SKO A RKM-0870 strain as a feed supplement for raising Cobb 500 cross broiler chickens. The study involved two groups of 5500 heads, each made up from seven-day-old chicks according to the principle of analogue pairs. The chicks were kept in flat deck cages. The experiment duration was 33 days (until slaughter). During the experiment, the housing conditions and primary diet specified by the enterprise regulations were maintained. Chickens of the experimental group received suspension in the amount from 5 up to 30 ml/day. Daily rates of 5 and 10 ml/day were provided by automatic waterers in every box. As the suspension volume increased to 20 and 30 ml/day, the concentrated suspension was introduced into the reservoir of the nipple waterers. Flock viability and changes in live weight were monitored by group weighing (4-10 birds) every other day. Experiment results showed that the percentage of flock viability in the experimental group amounted to 98.2% vs 87.3% in the control group. Improvement was achieved by decrease of culling of young birds on the 4th day of using Chlorella suspension. The average value of live weight in the experimental group on the 37th day was 11.6% higher compared to the control group. Chlorella suspension as a feed additive increases the economic efficiency of production by reducing the period of growing chickens for 3 days and providing higher percentage of flock viability.

The purpose of the research is the possibility of using a suspension of Chlorella vulgaris SKO A RKM-0870 strain to improve the hydrochemical and hydrobiological parameters of freshwater reservoirs. The study was conducted in 2022-2023 at the natural reservoir of the Kostanay region with an area of 100 hectares, a depth of 2.5 - 3.0 m. A suspension of chlorella with a density of ≥ 25*106 cells/ml was applied in February, May, June at the rate of 25 l/ha of surface. In 2023, the most significant changes in indicators occurred between May and October. The content of ammonium nitrogen decreased by 3.3 mg/dm3. The amount of dissolved oxygen increased by 9.4 mg/dm3. From May to September 2023, there was a relative increase in the number of chlorella in the group of green algae by 10.05%. The presence of chlorella caused intensive reproduction of filter-feeding zooplankton to 234828 specimens/m3 in July, up to 186670 specimens/m3 in August, and up to 152139 specimens/m3 in September. The maximum number of copepods was observed in August - 124333 specimens/m3 (66.61% of the total number), cladocerans - in July - 186158 specimens/m3 (79.27%), rotifers - in August - 60402 specimens/m3 (39.70 %). Compared to 2022, a sharp boost in biomass and period of active reproduction of zooplankton increased the fodder base of freshwater plankton-feeding fish. This allows rational use of freshwater reservoirs in the northern region of Kazakhstan for the intensive development of fisheries.