Particular attention is paid to biodegradable materials from the environmental point of view and antimicrobial materials that ensure the microbiological safety of packaged products. The aim of the work was to study the properties of the composition, based on biodegradable polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) and the antimicrobial additive—birch bark extract (BBE). Test samples of materials were obtained on the laboratory extruder by extrusion with ultrasonic treatment of the melt. The concentration of the antimicrobial additive in the polymer matrix was 1 wt %. A complex research was carried out to study the structural, physico–mechanical characteristics, antimicrobial properties and biodegradability of the modified PBAT. Comparative assessment of the physico–mechanical characteristics of samples based on PBAT showed that the strength and elongation at break indices slightly decrease when the ultrasonic treatment of the melt is introduced. It was found out, that the antimicrobial additive in the composition of the polymer matrix at the concentration of 1 wt % has a static effect on the development of microorganisms on the surface of the studied modified films. Studies of the biodegradability of modified PBAT by composting for 4 months have shown that the decomposition period of modified materials increased, compared to pure PBAT. The developed modified polymer material can be recommended as an alternative replacement for materials based on polyethylene for food packaging.

Перспективы повторной переработки отходов одноразовой упаковки

Films based on PVA solutions are currently attracting increasing attention due to their high transparency, barrier properties and environmentally friendly nature. This is due to the fact that PVA films have greater flexibility, transparency, impact strength and lower cost than other packaging materials. When discarded, PVA can decompose in the natural environment without adding to the pollution. The article is devoted to the study of film materials obtained from modified solution systems based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Polyvinyl alcohol grade 098–10 was used as the starting product; glycerin grade T 94 was used as a plasticizer. The films were cast on glass, then heated in a heating cabinet at a temperature of 90 °C for 31 hours. The influence of different concentrations of PVA solutions on the barrier (vapor permeability) and physical and mechanical properties of films was studied. It was shown that, with an increase in the concentration of glycerol in PVA, the fracture resistance increased, the relative elongation noticeably decreased, and the permeability of the polymer sharply increased. The introduction of 20–30% plasticizer into PVA resulted in the production of a sufficiently elastic film, an increase in elongation at break, and also a decrease in tensile strength. The complex of studies carried out made it possible to determine the influence of modifying additives on the structural transformations of PVA compositions for the creation of new generation coatings. In the future, it is planned to continue research on this topic, in particular on optimizing the temperature-time regime of coating formation

—Film materials derived from modified solution systems based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) are studied. The influence of various concentrations of PVA solutions on the barrier (vapor permeability) and physicomechanical properties of the films is examined. The fracture strength increases, the relative elongation decreases markedly, and the permeability of the polymer increases sharply with an increase in the glycerol concentration in PVA. The introduction of 20–30% plasticizer into PVA results in the formation of a sufficiently elastic film: the relative elongation to failure increases, and the ultimate tensile strength decreases.

Тенденции упаковки из многослойных материалов для пролонгации сроков хранения пищевой продукции

Исследование влияния ультразвуковой обработки полиэтиленовых композиций, содержащих бетулин, на формирование эксплуатационных свойств упаковочных материалов