Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to the health, social, environment, and economic sectors on a global scale and requires serious attention to addressing this issue. Acinetobacter baumannii was given top priority among infectious bacteria because of its extensive resistance to nearly all antibiotic classes and treatment options. Carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii is classified as one of the critical-priority pathogens on the World Health Organization (WHO) priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria for effective drug development. Although available genetic manipulation approaches are successful in A. baumannii laboratory strains, they are limited when employed on newly acquired clinical strains since such strains have higher levels of AMR than those used to select them for genetic manipulation. Recently, the CRISPR-Cas (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein) system has emerged as one of the most effective, efficient, and precise methods of genome editing and offers target-specific gene editing of AMR genes in a specific bacterial strain. CRISPR-based genome editing has been successfully applied in various bacterial strains to combat AMR; however, this strategy has not yet been extensively explored in A. baumannii. This review provides detailed insight into the progress, current scenario, and future potential of CRISPR-Cas usage for AMR-related gene manipulation in A. baumannii.

Fruit drop is a key issue with date palm cultivars that can be addressed with a variety of methods and strategies. Foliar application of macronutrients can be more effective in inhibiting fruit drop and improving the quality of date fruits. The current study was carried out to investigate the possible role of potassium (K) and urea to reduce fruit drop and improve the fruit quality of “Dhakki” date palm. It was conducted in a complete randomised block design with seven treatments and three replications at Pakistan's Agricultural Research Institute, Dera Ismail Khan. The treatments used were: (i) Control (distilled water spray); (ii) Potassium sulphate (K₂SO₄) at 1 %; (iii) K₂SO₄ at 1 % + Urea at 2 %; (iv) K₂SO₄ at 2 %; (v) K₂SO₄ at 2 % + Urea at 2 %; (vi) K₂SO₄ at 3 % and; (vii) K₂SO₄ at 3 % + Urea at 2 %. All the concentrations were sprayed at Kimri stage of fruit development during two consecutive growing seasons. Twenty-one date palms of equal size and age were chosen for the assessments to measure percent fruit drop and other physicochemical variables, including fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit weight, pulp percentage, yield/bundle, pH, total soluble solids (TSS), K content in fruit, and all sugars (percent) of harvested date fruit. The results revealed that bunch spray of K significantly affected all the parameters during both seasons. Application of K₂SO₄ alone and in combination with urea not only effectively reduced the fruit drop but also improved fruit quality in date where, K₂SO₄ applied at 2 % combined with urea was the best concentration in reducing fruit drop, enhancing other physicochemical attributes, and improving fruit quality of “Dhakki” date palm. This study may effectively contribute to reduce the fruit drop and enhance the fruit quality by using K and urea, enabling farmers to improve the date yield and increase economic growth.

An experiment was conducted to optimize nitrogen fertilizer application for rice genotypes with the help of leaf color chart practice under agroclimatic conditions of Malakand division. The experiment was designed in RCB having split plot arrangement. Main plots consisted of rice genotypes, while subplots consisted of various doses of nitrogen. All the recorded parameters were significantly affected by the various N doses. In all treatments N application according to LCC management practice produced maximum tillers/hill, plant height, straw, and paddy yield as compared to N application according to recommended dose and farmers practice. This adequate supply of N fertilizer according to LCC management practice resulted in positive response of N fertilizer on the crop and also provided best fertilizer management techniques. Moreover, the interaction between rice genotypes and LCC management practice was the best for all the recorded parameters. The outcome results of the experiment provided an economic package to the farmers in application of N fertilizer on the basis of leaf color chart management practice. An experiment was conducted to optimize nitrogen fertilizer application for rice genotypes with the help of leaf color chart practice under agroclimatic conditions of Malakand division. The experiment was designed in RCB having split plot arrangement. Main plots consisted of rice genotypes, while subplots consisted of various doses of nitrogen. All the recorded parameters were significantly affected by the various N doses. In all treatments N application according to LCC management practice produced maximum tillers/hill, plant height, straw, and paddy yield as compared to N application according to recommended dose and farmers practice. This adequate supply of N fertilizer according to LCC management practice resulted in positive response of N fertilizer on the crop and also provided best fertilizer management techniques. Moreover, the interaction between rice genotypes and LCC management practice was the best for all the recorded parameters. The outcome results of the experiment provided an economic package to the farmers in application of N fertilizer on the basis of leaf color chart management practice.