This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.

Unclaimed
Eduardo F. Fernández
Advances in PV technology Research Group (AdPVTech) University of Jaen Jaen Spain

Honors and Awards

The user has no records in this section


Career Timeline

The user has no records in this section.


Short Biography

The user biography is not available.
Following
Followers
Co Authors
The list of users this user is following is empty.
Following: 0 users

Feed

Application
Published: 31 March 2021 in Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This study presents indoor and field validation results for two versions of the “DUSST” optical soiling sensor, intended to be a low‐cost and low‐maintenance device for measuring photovoltaic soiling losses. Indoor testing covers irradiance calibration and temperature dependencies, which are necessary to achieve high accuracy, low uncertainty field measurements. Field testing includes an array of different environments including Saudi Arabia, California, Utah, and Colorado. DUSST versions include a configuration with a 530‐nm light emitting diode (LED) (discussed in previous work) and a unit with seven white LEDs and a polycarbonate collimating optic. The new design increases light intensity fivefold and demonstrates a single linear calibration coefficient is effective to measure soiling losses as high as 75%. Field data from Utah and California demonstrate that daily soiling loss measurements and soiling rate calculations closely match both reference cell and full‐size module measurements of soiling losses and soiling rates. Corrective methods employed on the Utah DUSST sensor suggest that it is possible to achieve measurement errors as low as ±0.1% at two standard deviations. Field data from both Colorado and Saudi Arabia demonstrate that LED lens soiling can occur and that further design optimizations are needed. The lesson learned from all the field deployment locations suggests directions for future design improvements.

ACS Style

Matthew Muller; Leonardo Micheli; Alvaro F. Solas; Michael Gostein; Justin Robinson; Kenny Morely; Michael Dooraghi; Yusif A. Alghamdi; Zeyad A. Almutairi; Florencia Almonacid; Eduardo F. Fernandez. An in‐depth field validation of “DUSST”: A novel low‐maintenance soiling measurement device. Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Matthew Muller, Leonardo Micheli, Alvaro F. Solas, Michael Gostein, Justin Robinson, Kenny Morely, Michael Dooraghi, Yusif A. Alghamdi, Zeyad A. Almutairi, Florencia Almonacid, Eduardo F. Fernandez. An in‐depth field validation of “DUSST”: A novel low‐maintenance soiling measurement device. Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Matthew Muller; Leonardo Micheli; Alvaro F. Solas; Michael Gostein; Justin Robinson; Kenny Morely; Michael Dooraghi; Yusif A. Alghamdi; Zeyad A. Almutairi; Florencia Almonacid; Eduardo F. Fernandez. 2021. "An in‐depth field validation of “DUSST”: A novel low‐maintenance soiling measurement device." Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 18 March 2021 in Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The impact of non-uniform illumination on triple junction solar cells equipped with either refractive or reflective optics without secondary optical elements is characterised by varying the concentrator-to-receiver distance. Indoor experiments covering both electrical measurements and photographs with a charge-coupled device camera are performed. The non-uniformities are examined by differentiating two spectral bands, those affecting the top and middle subcells. This allows the irradiance and spectral distributions to be analysed. The analysis is complemented with ray tracing simulations. Results show a different behaviour for the refractive and reflective systems. Irradiance non-uniformities in the case of the reflective system around the on-focus position are higher than those measured in the refractive system. However, the spectral non-uniformities that characterise the refractive system constitute only a residual effect in the reflective system. The drop in the solar cell fill factor caused by non-uniformities is mainly driven by the degradation of the slope of the I–V curve near the short-circuit point in the case of the refractive system, while it is mainly driven by the degradation of the slope of the I–V curve near the open-circuit point in the case of the reflective system. Both systems are very sensitive to the concentrator-to-receiver distance, a critical parameter that must be accurately designed in any concentrator system. The findings will allow the trade-off between increasing performance and increasing cost strategies to mitigate the non-uniformities in concentrator photovoltaic systems to be better evaluated.

ACS Style

Jose M. Saura; Pedro M. Rodrigo; Florencia M. Almonacid; Daniel Chemisana; Eduardo F. Fernández. Experimental characterisation of irradiance and spectral non-uniformity and its impact on multi-junction solar cells: Refractive vs. reflective optics. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2021, 225, 111061 .

AMA Style

Jose M. Saura, Pedro M. Rodrigo, Florencia M. Almonacid, Daniel Chemisana, Eduardo F. Fernández. Experimental characterisation of irradiance and spectral non-uniformity and its impact on multi-junction solar cells: Refractive vs. reflective optics. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 2021; 225 ():111061.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jose M. Saura; Pedro M. Rodrigo; Florencia M. Almonacid; Daniel Chemisana; Eduardo F. Fernández. 2021. "Experimental characterisation of irradiance and spectral non-uniformity and its impact on multi-junction solar cells: Refractive vs. reflective optics." Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 225, no. : 111061.

Preprint content
Published: 02 March 2021
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Soiling can cause significant losses to photovoltaic systems, and therefore it is often measured for the purposes of predicting long-term energy forecasts or for monitoring real time performance and triggering maintenance events as needed. Currently, the most common soiling monitoring technologies are soiling stations that use the electrical outputs of a regularly cleaned PV device and of a naturally soiled PV device to quantify soiling. As part of a new class of low-cost and low-maintenance soiling stations NREL has previously presented “DUSST”. DUSST projects a collimated monochromatic light source through a glass surface (exposed similarly to the PV modules that need to be monitored) and on to a light detector to measure the intensity of the transmitted light. As the glass surface naturally soils, the losses are quantified by comparing this soiled reading with a calibrated reading under baseline clean condition. This work presents the ongoing improvement of DUSST and the ongoing indoor and outdoor validation of this new soiling sensor.

ACS Style

Matthew Muller; Joshua Morse; Florencia Almonacid; Eduardo F. Fernandez; Leonardo Micheli. Indoor and Outdoor Test Results for “DUSST”, a Low-Cost, Low-Maintenance PV Soiling Sensor. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Matthew Muller, Joshua Morse, Florencia Almonacid, Eduardo F. Fernandez, Leonardo Micheli. Indoor and Outdoor Test Results for “DUSST”, a Low-Cost, Low-Maintenance PV Soiling Sensor. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Matthew Muller; Joshua Morse; Florencia Almonacid; Eduardo F. Fernandez; Leonardo Micheli. 2021. "Indoor and Outdoor Test Results for “DUSST”, a Low-Cost, Low-Maintenance PV Soiling Sensor." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 02 March 2021
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Accepted Manuscript (Postprint): L. Micheli et al., “Improved PV Soiling Extraction through the Detection of Cleanings and Change Points,” IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, Volume: 11, Issue: 2, March 2021.

ACS Style

Leonardo Micheli; Marios Theristis; Andreas Livera; Joshua S. Stein; George E. Georghiou; Matthew Muller; Florencia Almonacid; Eduardo F. Fernandez. Improved PV Soiling Extraction through the Detection of Cleanings and Change Points. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Leonardo Micheli, Marios Theristis, Andreas Livera, Joshua S. Stein, George E. Georghiou, Matthew Muller, Florencia Almonacid, Eduardo F. Fernandez. Improved PV Soiling Extraction through the Detection of Cleanings and Change Points. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leonardo Micheli; Marios Theristis; Andreas Livera; Joshua S. Stein; George E. Georghiou; Matthew Muller; Florencia Almonacid; Eduardo F. Fernandez. 2021. "Improved PV Soiling Extraction through the Detection of Cleanings and Change Points." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 02 March 2021
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Soiling can cause significant losses to photovoltaic systems, and therefore it is often measured for the purposes of predicting long-term energy forecasts or for monitoring real time performance and triggering maintenance events as needed. Currently, the most common soiling monitoring technologies are soiling stations that use the electrical outputs of a regularly cleaned PV device and of a naturally soiled PV device to quantify soiling. As part of a new class of low-cost and low-maintenance soiling stations NREL has previously presented “DUSST”. DUSST projects a collimated monochromatic light source through a glass surface (exposed similarly to the PV modules that need to be monitored) and on to a light detector to measure the intensity of the transmitted light. As the glass surface naturally soils, the losses are quantified by comparing this soiled reading with a calibrated reading under baseline clean condition. This work presents the ongoing improvement of DUSST and the ongoing indoor and outdoor validation of this new soiling sensor.

ACS Style

Matthew Muller; Joshua Morse; Florencia Almonacid; Eduardo F. Fernandez; Leonardo Micheli. Indoor and Outdoor Test Results for “DUSST”, a Low-Cost, Low-Maintenance PV Soiling Sensor. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Matthew Muller, Joshua Morse, Florencia Almonacid, Eduardo F. Fernandez, Leonardo Micheli. Indoor and Outdoor Test Results for “DUSST”, a Low-Cost, Low-Maintenance PV Soiling Sensor. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Matthew Muller; Joshua Morse; Florencia Almonacid; Eduardo F. Fernandez; Leonardo Micheli. 2021. "Indoor and Outdoor Test Results for “DUSST”, a Low-Cost, Low-Maintenance PV Soiling Sensor." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 02 March 2021
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Accepted Manuscript (Postprint): L. Micheli et al., “Improved PV Soiling Extraction through the Detection of Cleanings and Change Points,” IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, Volume: 11, Issue: 2, March 2021.

ACS Style

Leonardo Micheli; Marios Theristis; Andreas Livera; Joshua S. Stein; George E. Georghiou; Matthew Muller; Florencia Almonacid; Eduardo F. Fernandez. Improved PV Soiling Extraction through the Detection of Cleanings and Change Points. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Leonardo Micheli, Marios Theristis, Andreas Livera, Joshua S. Stein, George E. Georghiou, Matthew Muller, Florencia Almonacid, Eduardo F. Fernandez. Improved PV Soiling Extraction through the Detection of Cleanings and Change Points. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leonardo Micheli; Marios Theristis; Andreas Livera; Joshua S. Stein; George E. Georghiou; Matthew Muller; Florencia Almonacid; Eduardo F. Fernandez. 2021. "Improved PV Soiling Extraction through the Detection of Cleanings and Change Points." , no. : 1.

Review article
Published: 20 February 2021 in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The exponential growth of global capacity along with a reduction in manufacturing costs in the last two decades has caused photovoltaic (PV) energy technology to reach a high maturity level. As a consequence, currently, researchers from all over the world are making great efforts to analyse how different types of degradation impact this technology. This study provides a detailed review of the impact of different optical degradation mechanisms, which mainly affect the transmittance of the top-sheet encapsulant, on the spectral response of the PV modules. The impact on the spectral performance of PV modules is evaluated by considering the variations of the short-circuit current since this is the most widely used parameter to study the spectral impact in outdoors. Some of the most common types of optical degradation affecting the performance of PV modules worldwide, such as discoloration, delamination, aging and soiling have been addressed. Due to the widely documented impact of soiling on the spectral response of modules, this mechanism has been specially highlighted in this study. On the other hand, most of the publications analysed in this review report optical degradation in PV modules with polymeric encapsulant materials. Furthermore, an innovative procedure to quantify the spectral impact of degradation on PV devices is presented. This has been used to analyse the impact of two particular cases of degradation due to soiling and discoloration on the spectral response of different PV technologies.

ACS Style

Álvaro Fernández-Solas; Leonardo Micheli; Florencia Almonacid; Eduardo F. Fernández. Optical degradation impact on the spectral performance of photovoltaic technology. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2021, 141, 110782 .

AMA Style

Álvaro Fernández-Solas, Leonardo Micheli, Florencia Almonacid, Eduardo F. Fernández. Optical degradation impact on the spectral performance of photovoltaic technology. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2021; 141 ():110782.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Álvaro Fernández-Solas; Leonardo Micheli; Florencia Almonacid; Eduardo F. Fernández. 2021. "Optical degradation impact on the spectral performance of photovoltaic technology." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 141, no. : 110782.

Journal article
Published: 05 January 2021 in IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Photovoltaic (PV) soiling profiles exhibit a sawtooth shape, where cleaning events and soiling deposition periods alternate. Generally, the rate at which soiling accumulates is assumed to be constant within each deposition period. In reality, changes in rates can occur because of sudden variations in climatic conditions, e.g., dust storms or prolonged periods of rain. The existing models used to extract the soiling profile from the PV performance data might fail to capture the change points and occasionally estimate incorrect soiling profiles. This work analyzes how the introduction of change points can be beneficial for soiling extraction. Data from nine soiling stations and a 1-MW site were analyzed by using piecewise regression and three change point detection algorithms. The results showed that accounting for change points can provide significant benefits to the modeling of soiling even if not all the change point algorithms return the same improvements. Considering change points in historical trends is found to be particularly important for studies aiming to optimize cleaning schedules.

ACS Style

Leonardo Micheli; Marios Theristis; Andreas Livera; Joshua S. Stein; George E. Georghiou; Matthew Muller; Florencia Almonacid; Eduardo F. Fernandez. Improved PV Soiling Extraction Through the Detection of Cleanings and Change Points. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics 2021, 11, 519 -526.

AMA Style

Leonardo Micheli, Marios Theristis, Andreas Livera, Joshua S. Stein, George E. Georghiou, Matthew Muller, Florencia Almonacid, Eduardo F. Fernandez. Improved PV Soiling Extraction Through the Detection of Cleanings and Change Points. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics. 2021; 11 (2):519-526.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leonardo Micheli; Marios Theristis; Andreas Livera; Joshua S. Stein; George E. Georghiou; Matthew Muller; Florencia Almonacid; Eduardo F. Fernandez. 2021. "Improved PV Soiling Extraction Through the Detection of Cleanings and Change Points." IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics 11, no. 2: 519-526.

Short communication
Published: 26 November 2020 in Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The efficiency of solar cells can be enhanced by increasing the light intensity and/or the number of bandgaps of the structure. However, current solar cells cannot fully exploit these two factors because of various critical drawbacks. Here, we show a novel microscale, that is, side ≈ 0.5 mm, vertical solar cell structure that does not suffer the series resistance and bandgap limitations issues of current devices. The preliminary structures investigated show extreme efficiencies, >40%, at ultrahigh concentration factors of 15 000 suns. In addition, future designs with a better bandgap configuration are expected to deliver cells with efficiencies far above 50% at extreme light intensities. This early design offers a fast and reliable route to push the efficiency towards the maximum solar conversion limit and represents a promising way to develop new‐generation ultraefficient and low‐cost concentrator photovoltaic systems.

ACS Style

Natalia Seoane; Eduardo F. Fernández; Florencia Almonacid; Antonio García‐Loureiro. Ultra‐efficient intrinsic‐vertical‐tunnel‐junction structures for next‐generation concentrator solar cells. Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 2020, 29, 231 -237.

AMA Style

Natalia Seoane, Eduardo F. Fernández, Florencia Almonacid, Antonio García‐Loureiro. Ultra‐efficient intrinsic‐vertical‐tunnel‐junction structures for next‐generation concentrator solar cells. Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications. 2020; 29 (2):231-237.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Natalia Seoane; Eduardo F. Fernández; Florencia Almonacid; Antonio García‐Loureiro. 2020. "Ultra‐efficient intrinsic‐vertical‐tunnel‐junction structures for next‐generation concentrator solar cells." Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 29, no. 2: 231-237.

Journal article
Published: 06 November 2020 in Solar Energy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Nowadays, photovoltaic (PV) technology has reached a high level of maturity in terms of module efficiency and cost competitiveness in comparison with other energy technologies. As PV has achieved high levels of deployment, the development of devices that can help to reduce PV operation and maintenance costs has become a priority. Soiling can be cause of significant losses in certain PV plants and its detection has become essential to ensure a correct mitigation. For this reason, accurate and low-cost monitoring devices are needed. While soiling stations have been traditionally employed to measure the impact of soiling, their high cost and maintenance have led to the development of innovative low-cost optical sensors, such as the device presented in this work and named “DUSST” (Detector Unit for Soiling Spectral Transmittance). The thermal characterization of DUSST’s components and the methodology used to predict soiling transmittance losses are presented in this study. The results show that the losses can be predicted with an error lower than 1.4%. The method has been verified with an experimental campaign with naturally soiled coupons exposed outdoors in Jaén, Spain.

ACS Style

Álvaro Fernández-Solas; Leonardo Micheli; Matthew Muller; Florencia Almonacid; Eduardo F. Fernández. Design, characterization and indoor validation of the optical soiling detector “DUSST”. Solar Energy 2020, 211, 1459 -1468.

AMA Style

Álvaro Fernández-Solas, Leonardo Micheli, Matthew Muller, Florencia Almonacid, Eduardo F. Fernández. Design, characterization and indoor validation of the optical soiling detector “DUSST”. Solar Energy. 2020; 211 ():1459-1468.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Álvaro Fernández-Solas; Leonardo Micheli; Matthew Muller; Florencia Almonacid; Eduardo F. Fernández. 2020. "Design, characterization and indoor validation of the optical soiling detector “DUSST”." Solar Energy 211, no. : 1459-1468.

Journal article
Published: 20 August 2020 in Energies
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Solar photovoltaic technologies have undergone significant scientific development. To ensure the transfer of knowledge through the training of qualified personnel, didactic tools that can be acquired or built at a reasonable price are needed. Most training and research centres have restrictions on acquiring specific equipment due to its high cost. With this in mind, this article presents the development and transfer of a low-cost I–V curve tracer acquisition system. The device is made up of embedded systems with all the necessary hardware and software for its operation. The hardware and software presented are open source and have a low cost, i.e., the estimated material cost of the system is less than 200 euros. For its development, four institutions from three different countries participated in the project. Three photovoltaic technologies were used to measure the uncertainties related to the equipment developed. In addition, the system can be transferred for use as an academic or research tool, as long as the measurement does not need to be certified. Two accredited laboratories have certified the low uncertainties in the measurement of the proposed system.

ACS Style

Manuel Cáceres; Andrés Firman; Jesús Montes-Romero; Alexis Raúl González Mayans; Luis Horacio Vera; Eduardo F. Fernández; Juan De La Casa Higueras. Low-Cost I–V Tracer for PV Modules under Real Operating Conditions. Energies 2020, 13, 4320 .

AMA Style

Manuel Cáceres, Andrés Firman, Jesús Montes-Romero, Alexis Raúl González Mayans, Luis Horacio Vera, Eduardo F. Fernández, Juan De La Casa Higueras. Low-Cost I–V Tracer for PV Modules under Real Operating Conditions. Energies. 2020; 13 (17):4320.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manuel Cáceres; Andrés Firman; Jesús Montes-Romero; Alexis Raúl González Mayans; Luis Horacio Vera; Eduardo F. Fernández; Juan De La Casa Higueras. 2020. "Low-Cost I–V Tracer for PV Modules under Real Operating Conditions." Energies 13, no. 17: 4320.

Journal article
Published: 20 April 2020 in Solar Energy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Ultra-high concentrator photovoltaic systems (UHCPV), usually referred to CPV systems exceeding 1000 suns, are signalled as one of the most promising research avenues to produce a new generation of high-efficiency and low-cost CPV systems. However, the structure of current concentrator solar cells prevents their development due to the unavoidable series resistance losses at such elevated concentration ratios. In this work, we investigate the performance of the so-called vertical-tunnel-junction (VTJ), recently introduced by the authors, by using advance TCAD. In particular, we carry out an optimisation procedure of the key parameters that affect its performance and conduct a deep investigation of the impact of the main recombination mechanisms and of sun concentration up to 10,000 suns. The results indicate that the performance of the novel structure is not significantly affected by these two factors. A record efficiency of 32.2% at 10,000 suns has been found. This represents a promising way to obtain state-of-the-art efficiencies above 30% for single-band-gap cells, and offers a new route towards the development of competitive CPV systems operating at ultra-high concentration fluxes.

ACS Style

Celia Outes; Eduardo F. Fernández; Natalia Seoane; Florencia Almonacid; Antonio J. García-Loureiro. Numerical optimisation and recombination effects on the vertical-tunnel-junction (VTJ) GaAs solar cell up to 10,000 suns. Solar Energy 2020, 203, 136 -144.

AMA Style

Celia Outes, Eduardo F. Fernández, Natalia Seoane, Florencia Almonacid, Antonio J. García-Loureiro. Numerical optimisation and recombination effects on the vertical-tunnel-junction (VTJ) GaAs solar cell up to 10,000 suns. Solar Energy. 2020; 203 ():136-144.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Celia Outes; Eduardo F. Fernández; Natalia Seoane; Florencia Almonacid; Antonio J. García-Loureiro. 2020. "Numerical optimisation and recombination effects on the vertical-tunnel-junction (VTJ) GaAs solar cell up to 10,000 suns." Solar Energy 203, no. : 136-144.

Preprint
Published: 03 November 2019
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The identification and prediction of the daily soiling profiles of a photovoltaic site is essential to plan the optimal cleaning schedule. In this article, we analyze and propose various methods to extract and generate photovoltaic soiling profiles, in order to improve the analysis and the forecast of the losses. New soiling rate extraction methods are proposed to reflect the seasonal variability of the soiling rates and, for this reason, are found to identify the most convenient cleaning day with the highest accuracy for the investigated sites. Also, we present an approach that could be used to predict future soiling losses through the implementation of stochastic weather generation algorithms whose ability to identify in advance the best cleaning schedule is also successfully tested. The methods presented in this article can optimize the operation and maintenance schedule and could make it possible, in the future, to predict soiling losses through analysis based only on environmental parameters, such as rainfall and particulate matter, without the need of long-term soiling data.

ACS Style

Leonardo Micheli; Eduardo F. Fernandez; Matthew Muller; Florencia Almonacid. Extracting and Generating PV Soiling Profiles for Analysis, Forecasting, and Cleaning Optimization. 2019, 1 .

AMA Style

Leonardo Micheli, Eduardo F. Fernandez, Matthew Muller, Florencia Almonacid. Extracting and Generating PV Soiling Profiles for Analysis, Forecasting, and Cleaning Optimization. . 2019; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leonardo Micheli; Eduardo F. Fernandez; Matthew Muller; Florencia Almonacid. 2019. "Extracting and Generating PV Soiling Profiles for Analysis, Forecasting, and Cleaning Optimization." , no. : 1.

Preprint
Published: 03 November 2019
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The identification and prediction of the daily soiling profiles of a photovoltaic site is essential to plan the optimal cleaning schedule. In this article, we analyze and propose various methods to extract and generate photovoltaic soiling profiles, in order to improve the analysis and the forecast of the losses. New soiling rate extraction methods are proposed to reflect the seasonal variability of the soiling rates and, for this reason, are found to identify the most convenient cleaning day with the highest accuracy for the investigated sites. Also, we present an approach that could be used to predict future soiling losses through the implementation of stochastic weather generation algorithms whose ability to identify in advance the best cleaning schedule is also successfully tested. The methods presented in this article can optimize the operation and maintenance schedule and could make it possible, in the future, to predict soiling losses through analysis based only on environmental parameters, such as rainfall and particulate matter, without the need of long-term soiling data.

ACS Style

Leonardo Micheli; Eduardo F. Fernandez; Matthew Muller; Florencia Almonacid. Extracting and Generating PV Soiling Profiles for Analysis, Forecasting, and Cleaning Optimization. 2019, 1 .

AMA Style

Leonardo Micheli, Eduardo F. Fernandez, Matthew Muller, Florencia Almonacid. Extracting and Generating PV Soiling Profiles for Analysis, Forecasting, and Cleaning Optimization. . 2019; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leonardo Micheli; Eduardo F. Fernandez; Matthew Muller; Florencia Almonacid. 2019. "Extracting and Generating PV Soiling Profiles for Analysis, Forecasting, and Cleaning Optimization." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2019 in Energy
Reads 0
Downloads 0
ACS Style

P.M. Rodrigo; D.L. Talavera; E.F. Fernández; F.M. Almonacid; P.J. Pérez-Higueras. Optimum capacity of the inverters in concentrator photovoltaic power plants with emphasis on shading impact. Energy 2019, 187, 1 .

AMA Style

P.M. Rodrigo, D.L. Talavera, E.F. Fernández, F.M. Almonacid, P.J. Pérez-Higueras. Optimum capacity of the inverters in concentrator photovoltaic power plants with emphasis on shading impact. Energy. 2019; 187 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

P.M. Rodrigo; D.L. Talavera; E.F. Fernández; F.M. Almonacid; P.J. Pérez-Higueras. 2019. "Optimum capacity of the inverters in concentrator photovoltaic power plants with emphasis on shading impact." Energy 187, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 23 October 2019 in IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics
Reads 0
Downloads 0
ACS Style

Leonardo Micheli; Eduardo F. Fernandez; Matthew Muller; Florencia Almonacid. Extracting and Generating PV Soiling Profiles for Analysis, Forecasting, and Cleaning Optimization. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics 2019, 10, 197 -205.

AMA Style

Leonardo Micheli, Eduardo F. Fernandez, Matthew Muller, Florencia Almonacid. Extracting and Generating PV Soiling Profiles for Analysis, Forecasting, and Cleaning Optimization. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics. 2019; 10 (1):197-205.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leonardo Micheli; Eduardo F. Fernandez; Matthew Muller; Florencia Almonacid. 2019. "Extracting and Generating PV Soiling Profiles for Analysis, Forecasting, and Cleaning Optimization." IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics 10, no. 1: 197-205.

Journal article
Published: 25 September 2019 in IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Approximately 60% of the incident energy is dissipated as heat in conventional concentrator photovoltaic modules. The hybridization with thermoelectric generators (TEGs) aims to recover part of the waste heat and transform it to electricity. Recently, the feasibility of passively cooled designs has been assessed for small sized solar cells (3 mm × 3 mm). It is expected that novel prototypes will be developed according to this concept. However, the existing feasibility studies are based on reference operating conditions, while the behavior of the hybrid modules under changing atmospheric conditions remains unknown. In this article, real atmospheric data of Jaén, Southern Spain, including irradiance, temperature, and spectral data, are used to analyze the behavior of four designs of TEG-concentrator photovoltaic modules: low ZT-low temperature (A), low ZT-high temperature (B), high ZT-low temperature (C), and high ZT-high temperature (D). This behavior is compared with that of a typical concentrator photovoltaic-only module. Results show that, while the global efficiency at reference conditions can be enhanced up to 4.75%, the annual averaged global efficiency can only be increased up to 4.30%. The results of this article will help to understand the impact of the atmospheric conditions on the real behavior of these structures.

ACS Style

Pedro M. Rodrigo; Alvaro Valera; Eduardo F. Fernandez; Florencia M. Almonacid. Annual Energy Harvesting of Passively Cooled Hybrid Thermoelectric Generator-Concentrator Photovoltaic Modules. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics 2019, 9, 1652 -1660.

AMA Style

Pedro M. Rodrigo, Alvaro Valera, Eduardo F. Fernandez, Florencia M. Almonacid. Annual Energy Harvesting of Passively Cooled Hybrid Thermoelectric Generator-Concentrator Photovoltaic Modules. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics. 2019; 9 (6):1652-1660.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pedro M. Rodrigo; Alvaro Valera; Eduardo F. Fernandez; Florencia M. Almonacid. 2019. "Annual Energy Harvesting of Passively Cooled Hybrid Thermoelectric Generator-Concentrator Photovoltaic Modules." IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics 9, no. 6: 1652-1660.

Journal article
Published: 16 May 2019 in Energy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This paper presents the results of an investigation on the spectral losses of photovoltaic (PV) soiling. The transmittance of a glass coupon exposed to natural soiling outdoors in Jaén, southern Spain, has been measured weekly and used to estimate the soiling losses that various types of photovoltaic materials would experience if installed in the same location. The results suggest that measuring the hemispherical transmittance of the soiling accumulated on a PV glass coupon can give enough information to quantify the impact of soiling on energy production. Each PV technology is found to have a preferred spectral region, or a specific single wavelength, for which the transmittance through a PV glass coupon could be used for the best estimation of soiling losses. Overall, considering the average spectral transmittance between the extreme wavelengths of the material-specific absorption band, or the transmittance of soiling at a single wavelength between 500 and 600 nm yields the best estimations for different PV technologies. The results of this work can lead to innovative approaches to detect soiling in the field and to estimate the impact of spectral changes induced by soiling on PV energy production.

ACS Style

Leonardo Micheli; Jose A. Caballero; Eduardo F. Fernandez; Greg P. Smestad; Gustavo Nofuentes; Tapas K. Mallick; Florencia Almonacid. Correlating photovoltaic soiling losses to waveband and single-value transmittance measurements. Energy 2019, 180, 376 -386.

AMA Style

Leonardo Micheli, Jose A. Caballero, Eduardo F. Fernandez, Greg P. Smestad, Gustavo Nofuentes, Tapas K. Mallick, Florencia Almonacid. Correlating photovoltaic soiling losses to waveband and single-value transmittance measurements. Energy. 2019; 180 ():376-386.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leonardo Micheli; Jose A. Caballero; Eduardo F. Fernandez; Greg P. Smestad; Gustavo Nofuentes; Tapas K. Mallick; Florencia Almonacid. 2019. "Correlating photovoltaic soiling losses to waveband and single-value transmittance measurements." Energy 180, no. : 376-386.

Journal article
Published: 09 November 2018 in IEEE Electron Device Letters
Reads 0
Downloads 0
ACS Style

Eduardo F. Fernandez; Natalia Seoane; Florencia Almonacid; Antonio J. Garcia-Loureiro. Vertical-tunnel-junction (VTJ) solar cell for ultra-high light concentrations (>2000 suns). IEEE Electron Device Letters 2018, 1 -1.

AMA Style

Eduardo F. Fernandez, Natalia Seoane, Florencia Almonacid, Antonio J. Garcia-Loureiro. Vertical-tunnel-junction (VTJ) solar cell for ultra-high light concentrations (>2000 suns). IEEE Electron Device Letters. 2018; ():1-1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eduardo F. Fernandez; Natalia Seoane; Florencia Almonacid; Antonio J. Garcia-Loureiro. 2018. "Vertical-tunnel-junction (VTJ) solar cell for ultra-high light concentrations (>2000 suns)." IEEE Electron Device Letters , no. : 1-1.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2018 in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
Reads 0
Downloads 0

High Concentrator Photovoltaic (HCPV) modules (with concentrations higher than 300 times) have increased their conversion efficiency records up to more than 43% in the last years. This represents the maximum conversion efficiency by any type of photovoltaic (PV) module. Moreover, HCPV modules still have a theoretical potential for a significant efficiency growth. This work analyses the current status of efficiency records of HCPV modules and their evolution in the last 20 years, as well as the most efficient commercial HCPV modules, these last with up to around 34% efficiency nowadays. It is found that the efficiency growth of HCPV modules in the last years is considerably greater than that of other PV technologies like crystalline silicon (c-Si) or Thin Film. The values of efficiency, acceptance angle, geometrical concentration and power of current HCPV modules are gathered. Current efficiency values are typically centred in the range between 27% and 33%, whereas the current average of acceptance angle values is ± 0.9°. Regarding the geometrical concentration of the efficiency record HCPV modules, it is typically lower than 400× whereas current commercial HCPV modules work in the range of 500–1000×. Moreover, a total of 24 commercial HCPV modules were characterised indoors at the CPV solar simulator at the University of Jaén in order to compare the datasheets with the experimental data. The measurement results, including the efficiency and acceptance angle characteristics, are presented and compared with datasheet values.

ACS Style

Pedro Perez-Higueras; Juan P. Ferrer-Rodríguez; Florencia Almonacid; Eduardo F. Fernández. Efficiency and acceptance angle of High Concentrator Photovoltaic modules: Current status and indoor measurements. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2018, 94, 143 -153.

AMA Style

Pedro Perez-Higueras, Juan P. Ferrer-Rodríguez, Florencia Almonacid, Eduardo F. Fernández. Efficiency and acceptance angle of High Concentrator Photovoltaic modules: Current status and indoor measurements. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2018; 94 ():143-153.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pedro Perez-Higueras; Juan P. Ferrer-Rodríguez; Florencia Almonacid; Eduardo F. Fernández. 2018. "Efficiency and acceptance angle of High Concentrator Photovoltaic modules: Current status and indoor measurements." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 94, no. : 143-153.