Resistin is an adipokine with metabolic and inflammatory functions. Epidemiological and translational studies report that an increase in plasma levels and tissue expression of resistin increases the aggressiveness of prostate tumor cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted constitutively and induced by cytokines, growth factors, and calcium and are found in multiple biological fluids such as saliva, serum, semen, and urine. In particular, EVs have been shown to promote tumor progression through the induction of proliferation, growth, angiogenesis, resistance to chemotherapy, and metastasis. However, the role of resistin in the migration, invasion, and secretion of EVs in invasive prostate tumor cells remains to be studied. In the present study, we demonstrate that resistin induces increased migration and invasion in PC3 cells. In addition, these phenomena are accompanied by increased p-FAK levels and increased secretion of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in resistin-treated PC3 cells. Interestingly, EVs isolated from supernatants of PC3 cells treated with resistin induce an increase in migration and invasion accompanied by high MMP-2 and MMP-9 secretion in an autocrine stimulation model. In summary, our data for the first time demonstrate that resistin induces migration and invasion, partly through the secretion of EVs with pro-invasive characteristics in PC3 cells.

En los últimos años, la pandemia de obesidad y síndrome metabólico (SMet) ha pasado de ser un problema predominante en la población adulta a consolidarse entre niños y adolescentes. Los datos precisos sobre la incidencia y prevalencia del SMet en niños y adolescentes no son fiables ya que el diagnóstico no se guía por una definición estándar ajustada a las características de esta población. El sedentarismo ha aumentado drásticamente en la población joven durante los últimos años, donde la influencia de la tecnología, las dietas hipercalóricas y la falta de espacio, tiempo e interés por la actividad física son las principales causas. Aunque se deben implementar diversas estrategias para contrarrestar el aumento de casos de SMet en la población joven, esta revisión demuestra la importancia del ejercicio físico a nivel bioquímico y fisiológico como método clave de prevención y tratamiento, presentando también perspectivas sobre cómo se deben enfocar las investigaciones futuras. para reconocer y cubrir completamente este tema.

The objectives of this research are to adapt and validate the questionnaire on the perception of Physical Education teaching competencies developed by Palacios et al. (2019), to be applied to Baja Californian teachers of this subject. The methodology used is descriptive with a quantitative approach. The questionnaire was validated through expert judgment, selecting a sample of 33 specialists through a biogram, determining content validity, as well as the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. The results, in terms of the degree of agreement between experts, had a significance between 0.80 and 0.97, using the Kendal coefficient; reliability was 0.94, obtained using the Cronbach coefficient; and validity, determined using the Delphi technique, had results of clarity 93.93%, relevance 100%, and coherence 96.96%. The results obtained confirm the excellent reliability and validity of the modified questionnaire.

Cancer is known as a microevolutionary disease associated with genetic and epigenetic modifications, which is considered a global problem for which there is no fully effective treatment. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men, with 1,414,259 new global cases (14.1%) in 2020. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the activity of a molecule of the triazaspirane family in PC3 PCa cells, through possible negative regulation of the FAK/Src signal transduction pathway. A molecular docking assay was performed using the compound 1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione (TSDD) against FAK and Src. Migration and invasion assays were performed on PC3 PCa cells. In addition, the protein expression levels of phosphorylated p-FAK, p-Src, E-cadherin and N-cadherin were determined, and MMP-9 secretion was analysed. Molec-ular docking assays showed interactions in the regions of interest of FAK and Src proteins, and biological activity assays demonstrated an inhibitory effect on cell migration and in-vasion. In addition, a significant suppression of MMP-9 secretion was detected in treated PC3 cells, as well as a decrease in the expression of p-FAK and p-Src proteins. In conclu-sion, the TSDD molecule demonstrated inhibitory effects related to cell migration and in-vasion in an in vitro model of PCa.

Combined functional training (FT), high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and aquatic exercise may improve health-related fitness in aging populations; however, the influence of baseline adiposity on training responses remains unclear. This study evaluated the effects of a 12-week multicomponent training program on aerobic capacity, body composition, metabolic health, and physical performance in middle-aged and older women and explored whether baseline body fat percentage modulated these responses. Thirty-four women (50–72 years) were assigned to a control group (Ctrl, n = 10) or an exercise group, stratified into normal fat (NF%, n = 10) and high fat (HF%, n = 14). The intervention included three weekly 60 min sessions consisting of HIIT, FT, and aquatic-based interval and resistance exercises, while controls maintained their habitual lifestyle without structured exercise. Significant improvements were observed in VO₂max, skeletal muscle mass, fasting insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and functional performance. Baseline adiposity influenced metabolic adaptations, with greater improvements in the HF% group. These findings suggest that multicomponent training may improve cardiometabolic health and physical performance; however, the results should be interpreted cautiously due to the quasi-experimental design and small sample size.