Relevance. Weak knowledge of the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan on lithium raw materials previously mined in the East Kazakhstan region. Aim. To study lithium raw material base in the Republic of Kazakhstan and prospects for the extraction of lithium raw materials. Methods. Content analysis of all information on the subject of the mineral resource base of lithium in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Results. Within the Republic of Kazakhstan, ore deposits of scapolite pegmatites and lithium-bearing greisens-hydrothermal growths are known along alkaline granites. Residual lithium reserves from previously developed rare metal deposits that are equivalent to 36.3 thousand tons of Li2O, predicted resources of known lithium occurrences are estimated at 140 thousand tons of Li2O. It is possible to develop known rare metal deposits with the extraction of tantalum, niobium, beryllium and associated extraction of spodumene concentrate. GRK «Ognevsky Mining and Processing Plant» is already planning to put back to mining of tantalum and beryl (with the associated extraction of spodumene concentrate – up to 2.5 thousand tons/year) at the Bakennoe deposit and processing the resulting ore concentrates at the operating Ulba metallurgical plant of Kazatomprom. With regard to lithium-bearing hydro-mineral resources of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the situation is more complicated, due to the data limitations on the completeness of formation water testing and the reliability of data on surface waters of stagnant lakes. Such oil and gas fields as Karachaganak (up to 196 mg/l Li2O), Kolkuduk (up to 130 mg/l Li2O), Teplovskoe (up to 82.5 mg/l), Urikhtau (up to 52 mg/l) and Western Opak (up to 45 mg/l) are known for high concentration of lithium in formation waters. First two deposits are ready for oil and gas development and production with an annual extraction of up to 1 thousand tons of lithium carbonate. With regard to the lithium content of stagnant lakes of the Republic of Kazakhstan, it should be noted almost total lack of reliable information on sampling their surface waters. Given the fact of finding industrially significant lithium-bearing hydro-mineral lake deposits in adjacent regions of China and Mongolia, it is necessary to intensify the thematic works to assess the lithium content of endorheic lakes throughout the Republic of Kazakhstan, with sampling not only of surface waters, but also of natural brine, lake mud, saline clayey rocks of solonchaks and takyrs.

This article presents experience of development and application of the HydroGeo software package used to handle practical and scientific tasks in the field of hydrogeochemistry and hydrogeology. There are examples of its application and basic scientific and practical results.

This paper examines the mineral and geochemical features of lake sediments and waters in intermittent Lake Taloe, located in a semiarid climate. Minerals that belong to groups of oxides, sulfides, aluminosilicates, carbonates, sulfates, and halides are identified through the use of precision methods. The resulting mineral species are divided by genetic features into two associations: terrigenous and hydrogenic. The terrigenous association includes water-insoluble minerals, while the hydrogenic association combines typical hydrogenic minerals. The regularities of the accumulation and distribution of minerals along the lake laterally and to a depth of up to one meter are also examined. The order of deposition of hydrogenous association minerals from sulfate-chloride lake waters was established. The obtained results are confirmed and supplemented by physicochemical calculations, which show the equilibrium of lake waters with hydroxides, oxides, aluminosilicates, carbonates, and sulfates. It has been established that the formation of minerals mainly occurs through evaporative concentration in conjunction with bedrock weathering.

Relevance of the research lies in the necessity of accuracy improvement of independent assessments at forecasting the content of pollutants in the air emitted by energy facilities, including nuclear power plants. The aim of the research is justifying the choice of a method for calculating the gaseous pollutant distribution from continuously operating sources located at high altitude with consideration of meteorological factors and operation test of the software package. Objects of the research are the method of calculating the dispersion of gaseous pollutants MRR-2017 and the Pasquill method for calculating pollution from a continuously operating high source under various steady meteorological conditions. Methods: simulation and computational analysis based on the developed computer software complex "SKAT". Results. Methods for dispersion of gaseous pollutants in the atmosphere: MRR-2017 and Pasquill were analyzed. It was concluded that the Pasquill method based on the Gauss model is preferable for calculating the distribution of gaseous pollutants emitted by energy facilities at various atmospheric conditions of steady meteorological factors. The developed software package "SKAT" can be used to predict pollutant concentration values near the earth surface and calculate dispersion of pollutants in the atmospheric air when solving the problems of monitoring emissions of pollutants in the presence of currently operating enterprises. Using the Gauss model the authors have studied the distribution of the emitted radionuclides concentration in the atmospheric layer next to the earth surface coursed by the designed power unit with the BREST-300 reactor and the on-site nuclear fuel cyde for conditions of Seversk city, Tomsk Region.

Link for citation: Balobanenko A.A., Vasilyev D.I., Dutova E.M., Kuzevanov K.I. Analysis of changes in groundwater levels in quaternary deposits in the south-eastern part of the Irtysh-Ob artesian basin. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Аssets Engineering, 2023, vol. 334, no. 7, рр. 202-213. In Rus. Relevance. The tasks of studying the level regime of groundwater are very closely related to the need to predict their resources under the influence of both natural and artificial factors in order to develop scientific foundations for the rational use of water resources and effective management of the groundwater regime in the study area. Purpose: to study changes in the level regime of groundwater for domestic and drinking purposes in Quaternary deposits in the south of the West Siberian artesian basin based on the results of long-term regime observations. Objects: groundwater of the Irtysh-Ob artesian basin of the II order, the southeastern part of the West Siberian artesian basin of the I order, most actively involved in the sphere of anthropogenic activity. The study area is confined to a province with stable seasonal freezing of the aeration zone, where the main groundwater recharge is carried out in the spring due to snowmelt. Methods. The methodology for conducting observations of groundwater levels was determined by the regulations of the former USSR Ministry of Geology, and then the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation, this paper presents a statistical processing of time series of observations of groundwater levels and a comparison of the results obtained with the data on the water regime of surface watercourses and climatic characteristics of the study areas. Results. The leading influence of climatic conditions on the main regularities of the natural hydrodynamic regime of groundwater was revealed. A different degree of intensity of the influence of external factors is shown, expressed by the amplitude of the groundwater level, depending on the type of groundwater regime and the degree of moistening of the territory. Natural factors have the least effect on groundwater as they move away from draining ones and with increasing depth. Ссылка для цитирования: Анализ изменений уровней подземных вод четвертичных отложений юго-восточной части Иртыш-Обского артезианского бассейна / А.А. Балобаненко, Д.И. Васильев, Е.М. Дутова, К.И. Кузеванов // Известия Томского политехнического университета. Инжиниринг георесурсов. – 2023. – Т. 334. – № 7. – С. 202-213. Актуальность. Задачи исследования уровенного режима подземных вод очень тесно связаны с необходимостью прогноза их ресурсов под влиянием как естественных, так и искусственных факторов для разработки научных основ рационального использования водных ресурсов и эффективного управления режимом подземных вод на исследуемой территории. Цель: изучение изменения уровенного режима подземных вод хозяйственно-питьевого назначения четвертичных отложений юга Западно-Сибирского артезианского бассейна на основе результатов многолетних режимных наблюдений. Объекты: подземные воды Иртыш-Обского артезианского бассейна II порядка, юго-восточной части Западно-Сибирского артезианского бассейна I порядка, наиболее активно вовлекаемые в сферу антропогенной деятельности. Территория исследования приурочена к провинции с устойчивым сезонным промерзанием зоны аэрации, где основное питание грунтовых вод осуществляется в весенний период за счет снеготаяния. Методы. Методика ведения наблюдений за уровнями подземных вод определялась нормативными документами бывшего Министерства геологии СССР, а затем Министерства природных ресурсов РФ, в данной работе приведена статистическая обработка временных рядов наблюдений за уровнями подземных вод и сопоставление полученных результатов с данными о водном режиме поверхностных водотоков и климатическими характеристиками районов исследования. Результаты. Выявлено ведущее влияние климатических условий на основные закономерности естественного гидродинамического режима подземных вод. Показана различная степень интенсивности влияния внешних факторов, выраженная амплитудой хода уровня подземных вод, в зависимости от типа их режима и степени увлажнения территории. Естественные факторы...

The research is relevant due to the need to study the direction and dynamics of the variability of the chemical composition of groundwater used for drinking water supply in a large residential area of Tomsk as a result of the long-term operation of the deposit. Confirmation of previously identified laws and mechanisms leading to changes in hydrogeochemical conditions will make it possible to develop recommendations on optimizing the mode of operation of the water intake, its technical equipment, and improving the water treatment system. The main aim of the work is to evaluate the trends in temporal changes in the concentrations of total iron, sulfate ion, the value of total hardness and pH in natural waters as a result of a long period of operation of the water intake; based on the revealed regularities, propose possible mechanisms for the variability of the hydrogeochemical conditions of a groundwater deposit. Methods: generalization and statistical analysis of the chemical composition of groundwater obtained as a result of long-term regime observations. Results. Analysis of source materials based on the results of a study by water intake services of the concentrations of components and indicators of the chemical composition of groundwater (total iron, sulfate ion, pH, total hardness) of the operated field, presented in the form of long-term observation series, clearly shows that the values of the estimated parameters over the studied period of operation water intake changed significantly and unevenly. Such fluctuations in the dynamics of water composition indicators are explained by the redistribution of the load over the volume of water taken, uneven in time and in production wells of water intake. Nevertheless, the general trends of the main directions of variability, such as a decrease in the content of total iron, an increase in the concentration of sulfate ion, an increase in total hardness, and a decrease in the pH value, established by previous studies, remain the same.