In response to challenges such as inadequate driving stability and power in traditional weeding machinery, we designed and investigated a hydraulic chassis tailored for paddy field operations. Utilizing SolidWorks and RecurDyn V9R4 software, we obtained linear driving and steering curves to model and simulate the dynamics of the mower chassis. Through the AMESim software, we further modeled and simulated the hydraulic chassis system, focusing on the hydraulic characteristics of the components relevant to its operation. Subsequently, we developed a hydraulic-driven paddy weeder and conducted tests to evaluate the linear deviation and paddy slip rates. Our findings indicate that the designed hydraulic weeder chassis exhibits commendable dynamic performance and driving stability, with the actual average deviation and paddy slip rates measured at 2.61% and 3.59%, respectively. These results underscore the efficacy of our approach in addressing the challenges inherent in traditional weeding machinery and highlight the potential of hydraulic systems in enhancing agricultural operations.

An environment-friendly oxidation–reduction method was used to prepare Pd/C hybrid nanocomposites (NCs) using carbon as host and Pd nanoparticles (NPs) as surface loading, and sodium citrate was used as a reducing agent. The structures and morphologies of the Pd/C hybrid NCs were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission (high-resolution) electron microscopy (TEM, HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and so on. The results demonstrated that the Pd NPs were deposited on the surface of the C sphere beads, and the Pd NPs were homogeneous and monodispersed. The results also indicated that the diameter of the Pd NPs was 3 ± 0.5 nm and the Pd/C NCs were 197 ± 6.5 nm. In addition, the Pd/C NCs showed improved electrocatalytic activity for formic acid oxidation in comparison with commercial Pd NPs through controlling the surface structures. So, the environment-friendly preparation method provided developmental direction to fabricate all kinds of metal/C hybrid NCs architectures.