Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world, with 17,000 islands of varying sizes and elevations, from lowlands to very high mountains, stretching more than 5000 km eastward from Sabang in Aceh to Merauke in Papua. Although occupying only 1.3% of the world’s land area, Indonesia possesses the third-largest rainforest and the second-highest level of biodiversity, with very high species diversity and endemism. However, during the last two decades, Indonesia has been known as a country with a high level of deforestation, a producer of smoke from burning forests and land, and a producer of carbon emissions. The aim of this paper is to review the environmental history and the long process of Indonesian forest management towards achieving environmental sustainability and community welfare. To do this, we analyze the milestones of Indonesian forest management history, present and future challenges, and provide strategic recommendations toward a viable Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) system. Our review showed that the history of forestry management in Indonesia has evolved through a long process, especially related to contestation over the control of natural resources and supporting policies and regulations. During the process, many efforts have been applied to reduce the deforestation rate, such as a moratorium on permitting primary natural forest and peat land, land rehabilitation and soil conservation, environmental protection, and other significant regulations. Therefore, these efforts should be maintained and improved continuously in the future due to their significant positive impacts on a variety of forest areas toward the achievement of viable SFM. Finally, we conclude that the Indonesian government has struggled to formulate sustainable forest management policies that balance economic, ecological, and social needs, among others, through developing and implementing social forestry instruments, developing and implementing human resource capacity, increasing community literacy, strengthening forest governance by eliminating ambiguity and overlapping regulations, simplification of bureaucracy, revitalization of traditional wisdom, and fair law enforcement.

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are the global agenda, agreed by world leaders in the United Nations. They are aimed at reducingpoverty, fighting inequality, and stopping the effects of climate change on the global environment. This paper discusses the concept of SDGs, consisted of 17 goals from the perspective of Islam Indonesia as the country with the largest Muslim population in the world. This literatures study used descriptive qualitative method. It is found that, the concepts of Islam are in line with the SDGs. Islam also has a way to fight poverty by doing zakat (charity), fasting, and a simple and healthy lifestyle, promoting fair rights between women and men and assurring equivalent positions between both, and instructing human beings to manage the environment wisely and to maintain the balance of nature. Moving ‘Muslim Power’ to achieve SDGs as a form of their ‘taqwa’ to their God is the challenge for the government, civil society organizations, and scholars in promoting SDGs or Sustainable Science to society and to higher education especially in the Islamic Universities (PTKI).Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Berwawasan Lingkungan atau Sustainable Development Goals merupakan skema program kebijakan yang disepakati para pemimpin dunia untuk mengurangi kemiskinan, kesenjangan, dan mengakhiri dampak perubahan iklim global. Artikel ini, mendiskusikan konsep SDGs yang terdiri dari 17 goal dalam perspektif Islam Indonesia sebagai negara dengan populasi muslim terbesar di dunia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam kajian literatur ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa konsep Islam searah/berkelanjutan dengan tujuan SDGs. Islam juga memiliki cara untuk memerangi kemiskinan dengan zakat, puasa, dan pola hidup yang sederhana, memberikan hak-hak secara adil antara perempuan dan laki-laki dan menegaskan tidak ada posisi yang ekuivalen di antara keduanya; dan memerintahkan manusia untuk mengelola lingkungan secara bijak dan menjaga keseimbangan alam. Menggerakkan massa Islam untuk membantu dalam pencapaian SDGs sebagai wujud ketaqwaan mereka kepada Allah SWT menjadi tantangan bagi pemerintah, organisasi masyarakat, maupun akademisi dalam mensosialisasikan SDGs serta Sustainable Science ke masyarakat maupun ke pendidikan tinggi khususnya perguruan tinggi keagamaan Islam (PTKI).

Excess anthropogenic CO₂in the atmosphere above urban areas can create an isolated heat island closely related to dense cities. Adding more green spaces may be strenuous because of the lack of public spaces. The upgrowth of the human population, along with anthropogenic activities, is the critical factor that escalates the effect of the urban heat island. However, they could be the most prominent resources to decrease it by utilizing community gardens or their private land as a functional green space. This paper is a literature study to determine the importance of urban gardening for heat island mitigation. We also conducted a spatial analysis to measure land surface temperature to understand the benefit of urban gardens for dense cities. Based on the previous studies, promoting urban gardening to the citizens can be an effective strategy to increase the green space proportion to meet the requirement for a healthy urban environment. Urban gardens help reduce the heat island effect by creating thermal comfort, reducing flood risk and water runoff, and conserving energy for building architects. This paper also recommends strategic plans for policymakers to achieve practical urban gardening as an urban heat island mitigation strategy.

Green open space planning in Indonesia is mostly based on its quantity requirement, not its effectivity to cool down the heated island cities. This study aimed to build a priority assessment method in determining green open space location based on characteristics of Banjarbaru City. GIS-based mapping analysis was executed from satellite imagery to determine land cover types, vegetation density (NDVI), and temperature humidity index (THI) as indicators. They were overlaid together with population density and land price. Scoring analysis was used to select the highest priority area to build new green open space. This method is also applicable to other tropical cities

Environmental ethics is a reflection of the moral principle between human beings and the natural environment. Ecocentrism, one of the environmental ethics, supports long-term environmental sustainability. This study aimed to determine the roles of ecocentrism toward the level of environmental awareness for sustainable use of natural resources. This descriptive research is to determine the association between the level of environmental awareness and environmental ethics. The study involved 30 students in Biology Education Department. Data were primarily collected using researcher-developed questionnaires. The level of environmental awareness was measured by using the Likert scale (1-5), based on the students’ positive contribution to their local environment in daily life. The problem-based interview was also added to determine which environmental ethics the students stood for (Ecocentrism or Anthropocentrism). The result showed 19 out of 30 students were dominated by anthropocentrism rather than ecocentrism toward the environment. Chi-Square analysis showed that there is no significant association between the level of environmental awareness and environmental ethics. People can have the same level of environmental awareness, but different environmental ethics. Ecocentrism needs to be promoted more in academics for sustainable use of natural resources not only for the present generation but also for the future generation.