Rafael Almeida Silva

Dr. Rafael Almeida Silva

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Research Focus & Metrics

Academic Career Length

7Years (2020-Present)

(Calculated once Scilit publication data is synced: current year − year of first publication + 1)

Representative Publications

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9 August 2023 in Antibiotics
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Journal Article
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RSRafael Almeida Silva
Rafael Almeida Silva
Nelson Enrique Arenas SuarezNelson Enrique Arenas Suarez
Nelson Enrique Arenas Suarez
VLVera Lucia Luiza
Vera Lucia Luiza
JBJorge Antonio Zepeda Bermudez
Jorge Antonio Zepeda Bermudez
SCSian Clarke
Sian Clarke
As a global health problem, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) crosses national borders, leading UN (United Nations) multilateral agencies to call for all countries to improve the stewardship of antibiotics in humans and animals. South American countries have changed their regulations regarding antibiotic use in livestock production. This literature review examines how far the five largest meat-producing countries in South America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Uruguay) have come in terms of the relevant legislation. Rules on market entry (marketing authorization and official distribution systems) are already set in all countries examined. Four countries do not allow growth promoters based on critically important antibiotics, and countries have also begun to set guidelines and minimum welfare and biosecurity requirements to reduce the therapeutic demand for antibiotics. Nonetheless, there are aspects related to the distribution, use, and disposal of antibiotics that need to be developed further. In conclusion, legislation in South American countries is moving towards the goals set by UN multilateral agencies, but more can be done. Differences between countries’ rules and the gold standards set by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), World Health Organization (WHO), and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) reveal possible adaptations to the countries’ realities. Further studies must examine compliance with the legislation already set and investigate other tools that can be used alongside legislation as a driving force to change stakeholder behaviour.

1 September 2020 in Saúde em Debate
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Journal Article
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RSRafael Almeida Silva
Rafael Almeida Silva
BOBeatriz Nascimento Lins de Oliveira
Beatriz Nascimento Lins de Oliveira
RSRafael Almeida Silva
Rafael Almeida Silva
MOMaria Auxiliadora Oliveira
Maria Auxiliadora Oliveira
GCGabriela Costa Chaves
Gabriela Costa Chaves
RESUMO A Resistência a Antimicrobianos (AMR) tem se revelado como um dos maiores problemas para a saúde pública no nível global. O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar a formulação da resposta à AMR negociada no âmbito da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) por seus Estados-Membros. Foram analisados os relatórios e resoluções produzidos na Assembleia Mundial da Saúde no período de 1998 a 2019. Os achados indicam que, a partir de 2014, foram estabelecidas condições de possibilidade para a aprovação do Plano de Ação Global em AMR de forma mais robusta, abrangendo o conceito de Saúde Única e envolvendo outras instâncias internacionais (FAO, OIE, OMC e PNUMA). A análise dos conteúdos e o uso de diferentes referenciais analíticos, considerando dois setores econômicos – agropecuária e indústria farmacêutica –, mostraram-se relevantes para ilustrar a complexidade da temática, reforçando sua relevância global, reconhecendo a dimensão do uso de antibióticos em animais e as lacunas em inovação tecnológica. Como a OMS, além de ser um importante agente mobilizador para a resposta à AMR no nível global, tem garantido orçamento para ações nessa área mesmo em um contexto de desfinanciamento, conclui-se que a perspectiva da saúde pública deve prevalecer na resposta à AMR.

1 March 2025 in Saúde em Debate
Verified
Journal Article
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RSRafael Almeida Silva
Rafael Almeida Silva
VLVera Lucia Luiza
Vera Lucia Luiza
JBJorge Antonio Zepeda Bermudez
Jorge Antonio Zepeda Bermudez
Maria Cristina SchneiderMaria Cristina Schneider
Maria Cristina Schneider
A resistência bacteriana a antibióticos (AMR-Bacteria) é um dos principais problemas de saúde global. Somente no ano de 2019, estimou-se que 1,27 milhão de pessoas morreu devido a complicações por doenças bacterianas resistentes. A abordagem One Health é a principal estratégia no enfrentamento da AMR-Bacteria. Assim, este ensaio objetiva refletir sobre a aplicação da abordagem Saúde Única no enfrentamento da AMR-Bacteria no âmbito da agropecuária. A AMR-Bacteria está parcialmente relacionada à produção intensiva de alimentos de origem animal. Um dos principais desafios para implantação da abordagem é a falta de comunicação entre atores. A solução para esse impasse perpassa o treinamento transdisciplinar para a formação de redes de pesquisa e desenvolvimento de ferramentas de vigilância. A Saúde Única pressupõe a negociação para construir políticas públicas sustentáveis. A busca por estratégias para o enfrentamento de AMR-Bacteria perpassa levar em consideração o equilíbrio entre a questão econômica da produção de alimentos, o bem-estar físico dos animais e os efeitos para o meio ambiente. Aqueles que desejam pôr em prática a abordagem devem formar equipes, combinar métodos e técnicas e envolver diferentes atores. A partir do olhar da Saúde Única pode-se conhecer melhor como ações humanas contribuem com a disseminação de AMR-Bacteria.

1 March 2025 in Saúde em Debate
Verified
Journal Article
Open access
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RSRafael Almeida Silva
Rafael Almeida Silva
VLVera Lucia Luiza
Vera Lucia Luiza
JBJorge Antonio Zepeda Bermudez
Jorge Antonio Zepeda Bermudez
Maria Cristina SchneiderMaria Cristina Schneider
Maria Cristina Schneider
The bacterial resistance to antibiotics (AMR-Bacteria) is one of the main global health problems. In 2019 alone, it was estimated that 1.27 million people died due to complications from resistant bacterial diseases. The One Health approach is the primary strategy in addressing AMR-Bacteria. Thus, this essay aimed to reflect on the application of the One Health approach in addressing AMR-Bacteria within the scope of agriculture. AMR-Bacteria is partially related to the intensive production of animal-origin foods. One of the main challenges for implementing the approach is the lack of communication among stakeholders. The solution to this impasse involves transdisciplinary training to form research networks and develop surveillance tools. One Health presupposes negotiation to build sustainable public policies. The search for strategies to address AMR-Bacteria involves considering the balance between the economic issue of food production, the physical well-being of animals, and the effects on the environment. Those wishing to implement the approach must form teams, combine methods and techniques, and involve different stakeholders. Through the lens of One Health, one can better understand how human actions contribute to the spread of AMR-Bacteria.

24 June 2025 in Redes
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RSRafael Almeida Silva
Rafael Almeida Silva
ESEstela Catunda Sanseverino
Estela Catunda Sanseverino
GCGabriel dos Santos Ceretta
Gabriel dos Santos Ceretta
AMAlessandra Matte
Alessandra Matte
RARicardo Abramovay
Ricardo Abramovay
The aim of this essay is to analyze mechanisms for adopting the rational use of antibiotics applied to the industrial production model of poultry and pig farming. Through a review of the literature, the results found indicate that the current system can achieve this goal by adopting animal welfare and biosecurity practices, as well as by using alternative additives, which does not imply drastic changes in the poultry and pig production system and is in line with the supply of animal proteins in accordance with the metabolic needs of human beings. The excessive use of antibiotics leads to bacterial resistance, while meat and waste can be vectors for the transmission of resistant bacteria. Given the immense power of the industry that dominates these activities, we recommend the adoption of a system of state registration and control of the use of antibiotics in concentrated pig and poultry farming, which is currently unknown in the country. In the same vein, we propose that research into the identification of biological additives from native plants be encouraged, in order to guarantee greater food and nutritional security and sovereignty in the supply of food derived from this activity, especially for Brazilian consumers.