Clinical trials are the essential assessment for safe, reliable, and effective drug development. Data-related limitations, extensive manual efforts, remote patient monitoring, and the complexity of traditional clinical trials on patients drive the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in medical and healthcare organisations. For expeditious and streamlined clinical trials, a personalised AI solution is the best utilisation. AI provides broad utility options through structured, standardised, and digitally driven elements in medical research. The clinical trials are a time-consuming process with patient recruitment, enrolment, frequent monitoring, and medical adherence and retention. With an AI-powered tool, the automated data can be generated and managed for the trial lifecycle with all the records of the medical history of the patient as patient-centric AI. AI can intelligently interpret the data, feed downstream systems, and automatically fill out the required analysis report. This article explains how AI has revolutionised innovative ways of collecting data, biosimulation, and early disease diagnosis for clinical trials and overcomes the challenges more precisely through cost and time reduction, improved efficiency, and improved drug development research with less need for rework. The future implications of AI to accelerate clinical trials are important in medical research because of its fast output and overall utility.

Nowadays, biodegradable antimicrobial packaging materials draw substantial attention and are considered one of the preferred emerging technologies to be used in the food industry. In this study, we have reported developing a two-component, chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based films loaded with natural extract of Ocimum tenuiflorum via solvent casting technique. Experimental results showed that all the components were well dispersed, resulting in complete homogenous films. FTIR-ATR spectral analysis indicated strong interaction between the film matrix components, which also gets reflected by the films' physical properties. Transparent biodegradable films have resulted from the mixture and incorporation of the natural agent/extracts influenced light barrier, water resistance, moisture content (9.89–9.01%), and DPPH radical scavenging properties (antioxidant value ~41.1%) of the CS/PVA films. Therefore, this natural extract containing transparent CS/PVA-based films promises to be used in the food industry as packaging material to enhance food safety.

Essential for human development, water is increasingly polluted by diverse anthropogenic activities, containing contaminants like organic dyes, acids, antibiotics, inorganic salts, and heavy metals. Conventional methods fall short, prompting the exploration of advanced, cost-effective remediation. Recent research focuses on sustainable adsorption, with nano-modifications enhancing adsorbent efficacy against persistent waterborne pollutants. This review delves into recent advancements (2020–2023) in sustainable biopolymeric nanocomposites, spotlighting the applications of biopolymers like chitosan in wastewater remediation, particularly as adsorbents and filtration membranes along with their mechanism. The advantages and drawbacks of various biopolymers have also been discussed along with their modification in synthesizing biopolymeric nanocomposites by combining the benefits of biodegradable polymers and nanomaterials for enhanced physiochemical and mechanical properties for their application in wastewater treatment. The important functions of biopolymeric nanocomposites by adsorbing, removing, and selectively targeting contaminants, contributing to the purification and sustainable management of water resources, have also been elaborated on. Furthermore, it outlines the reusability and current challenges for the further exploration of biopolymers in this burgeoning field for environmental applications.

This review embarks on a comprehensive journey, exploring the application of lignocellulosic biomass materials as highly effective adsorbents for the removal of textile dyes (cationic and anionic dyes) from wastewater. A literature review and analysis were conducted to identify existing gaps in previous research on the use of lignocellulosic biomass for dye removal. This study investigates the factors and challenges associated with dye removal methods and signifies their uses. The study delves into the pivotal role of several parameters influencing adsorption, such as contact time, pH, concentration, and temperature. It then critically examines the adsorption isotherms, unveiling the equilibrium relationship between adsorbent and dye and shedding light on the mechanisms of their interaction. The adsorption process kinetics are thoroughly investigated, and a detailed examination of the adsorbed rate of dye molecules onto lignocellulosic biomass materials is carried out. This includes a lively discussion of the pseudo-first, pseudo-second, and intra-particle diffusion models. The thermodynamic aspects of the adsorption process are also addressed, elucidating the feasibility and spontaneity of the removal process under various temperature conditions. The paper then dives into desorption studies, providing insights into the regeneration potential of lignocellulosic biomass materials for sustainable reusability. The environmental impact and cost-effectiveness of employing lignocellulosic biomass materials in textiles including Congo Red, Reactive Black 5, Direct Yellow 12, Crystal Violet, Malachite Green, Acid Yellow 99, and others dyes from wastewater treatment are discussed, emphasizing the significance of eco-friendly solutions. In summary, this review brings together a wealth of diverse studies and findings to present a comprehensive overview of lignocellulosic biomass materials as adsorbents for textile cationic and anionic dye removal, encompassing various aspects from influential parameters to kinetics, adsorption isotherms, desorption, and thermodynamics studies. Its scope and other considerations are also discussed along with its benefits. The collective knowledge synthesized in this paper is intended to contribute to the advancement of sustainable and efficient water treatment technologies in the textile industry.

This work aimed to synthesize silver nanoparticles via an environmentally benign route, using the aqueous extract of Punica granatum as a precursor as well as a stabilizing and reducing agent. The as-synthesized silver nanoparticles were confirmed using UV-visible spectroscopy with an absorbance peak at 450 nm and were thereafter further confirmed using dynamic light scattering (DLS), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). TEM analysis revealed 6–45 nm and spherically dispersed nanoparticles and XRD showed the crystalline nature of the nanoparticles. The free radical scavenging activity of the nanoparticles for DPPH and intracellular reactive oxidative species (ROS) production were observed using dihydroethidium (DHE) non-fluorescent stain and a CellROX® Deep Red fluorescent probe. Antibacterial assays against the most common Gram negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria showed a higher zone of inhibition against S. aureus. Furthermore, the anti-cancerous activity of the biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles was revealed by the inhibited cell growth of lung cancer A549 cells and no cytotoxicity was observed. This may be due to their ability to arrest the cell cycle at G1 phase. Thus, this work provides a gateway to explore more about the anticancer properties of biogenically synthesized silver nanoparticles and these biologically prepared silver nanoparticles have the potential to be utilized in biomedical science.