Disparities in diet quality persist in the U.S. Examining consumer food purchasing can provide unique insight into the nutritional inequities documented by race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), and geographic location (i.e., urban vs. rural). There remains limited understanding of how these three factors intersect to influence consumer food purchasing. This study aimed to summarize peer-reviewed scientific studies that provided an intersectional perspective on U.S. consumer food purchasing. Thirty-four studies were examined that presented objectively measured data on purchasing outcomes of interest (e.g., fruits, vegetables, salty snacks, sugar-sweetened beverages, Healthy Eating Index, etc.). All studies were of acceptable or high quality. Only six studies (17.6%) assessed consumer food purchases at the intersection of race/ethnicity, SES, or geographic location. Other studies evaluated racial/ethnic or SES differences in food purchasing or described the food and/or beverage purchases of a targeted population (example: low-income non-Hispanic Black households). No study assessed geographic differences in food or beverage purchases or examined purchases at the intersection of all three factors. Overall, this scoping review highlights the scarcity of literature on the role of intersectionality in consumer food and beverage purchasing and provides recommendations for future studies to grow this important area of research.

Prior research suggests that migrating to the United States (US) can negatively affect the diets and health of immigrants. There is limited information on how relocating to the US affects the diets of Black-identifying immigrants. To address this gap, this study examined differences in nutrient intake and diet quality among non-Hispanic Black adults by place of birth and length of time in the US. Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005–2016) were analyzed. Approximately 6508 non-Hispanic Black adults were categorized into three groups: foreign-born (FB) living in the US <10 years (n = 167), FB living in the US ≥ 10 years (n = 493), and US-born (n = 5848). Multivariable-adjusted logistic and linear regression models were evaluated to identify differences in nutrient intake and diet quality (as measured by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) of 2015) across the three groups when controlling for socio-demographics. Compared to US-born adults, both FB groups had significantly higher HEI-2015 scores and higher odds of meeting dietary recommendations for several nutrients: saturated fat, sodium, and cholesterol. There were no differences in nutrient intake between the two FB groups; however, FB (<10 years) adults had better diet quality than FB (≥10 years) ones. Place of birth and length of time in the US were associated with dietary intake among non-Hispanic Black adults. More research is needed to improve understanding of dietary acculturation among Black-identifying immigrants in the US.

Background: Malaria remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly among children under five years of age in sub-Saharan Africa. Nigeria has the highest burden of malaria cases worldwide, accounting for 26% of all cases. The introduction of the R21/Matrix malaria vaccine is promising for reducing the malaria burden. However, vaccine awareness, perceptions, and willingness to pay among caregivers are key to ensuring successful rollout. This study assessed caregivers' awareness, perceptions, acceptability, and willingness to pay for the R21/MATRIX malaria vaccine in endemic communities in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 372 caregivers of children under five years of age. A multistage sampling technique was employed to select respondents from five malaria-endemic communities in Lagos. Data were collected via a semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were computed, and binary logistic regression was used to identify predictors of vaccine awareness, perception, and willingness to pay. Results: Awareness of the R21/MATRIX vaccine was low (9.7%), with the internet as the primary source of information. Positive perceptions of the vaccine were high, with 98.1% of caregivers believing it to be safe and effective. Acceptability was also high, as 76.6% of the caregivers indicated that they would "definitely" vaccinate their child. Willingness to pay was reported by 71.2% of the respondents, with 51.9% willing to pay between ₦1,001–₦5,000 per dose. The factors significantly associated with awareness included gender, marital status, and relationship with the child (p < 0.05). Higher household income and guardianship status increased the likelihood of willingness to pay (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Despite the low awareness of the R21/MATRIX malaria vaccine, caregivers demonstrated a strong positive perception, high acceptability, and moderate willingness to pay. Targeted community awareness campaigns focused on the benefits and safety of the vaccine are essential to improve knowledge of the vaccine in endemic communities.