In this study, we propose a multifunctional weak measurement system that can measure the optical rotation and the refractive index of solution. The center wavelength of the output spectrum of such a system is sensitive to the optical rotation and the phase difference produced by total internal reflection. The optical resolution and refractive index resolution of the solution determined by the proposed method were 3.26 × 10^–5° and 3.93 × 10^–7 RIU, respectively, by measuring different concentrations of glucose solution. As the optical rotation and refractive index of the solution are important properties of the solution, this system can be used to determine the type of solute in the solution in the future.

Currently, the world is facing the problem of bacterial resistance, which threatens public health, and bacterial antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) plays an important role in biomedicine, dietary safety and aquaculture. Traditional AST methods take a long time, usually 16–24 h, and cannot meet the demand for rapid diagnosis in the clinic, so rapid AST methods are needed to shorten the detection time. In this study, by using an in-house built centrifuge to centrifuge bacteria in a liquid medium onto the inner wall of the bottom surface of a counting plate, and using a phase contrast microscope to track bacterial growth under the effect of different antibiotic concentrations, the results of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of bacteria under the effect of antibiotics can be obtained in as early as 4 h. We used a combination of E. coli and tigecycline and obtained MIC results that were consistent with those obtained using the gold standard broth micro-dilution method, demonstrating the validity of our method; due to the time advantage, the complete set can be used in the future for point of care and clinical applications, helping physicians to quickly obtain the MIC used to inhibit bacterial growth.

We demonstrate a linear-cavity continuous-wave (CW) fibre laser generating cylindrical vector beams (CVBs) using a photonic lantern as transverse mode converter and mode splitter. The CVB fibre laser operates at a center wavelength of 1553.1 nm, with a 3 dB linewidth of less than 0.08 nm and a signal-to-background ratio of > 45 dB. The measured purity of the radially and azimuthally polarized beams is > 96%.

In this study, a method to improve the detection accuracy of a “weak measurement” system of optical rotation was proposed by determining the optimal total phase difference of the system. Analysis of the characteristics of weak measurement regime of the system under different total phase differences provided the total phase difference corresponding to the regime with the smallest ratio of system noise level to sensitivity (that is, the highest system resolution). In this regime, an optical rotation resolution of 5.52210-6 was obtained, which is nearly an order of magnitude higher than the original system.

The demand for accurate and efficient immunoassays calls for the development of precise, high-throughput analysis methods. This paper introduces a novel approach utilizing a weak measurement interface sensor for immunoassays, offering a solution for high throughput analysis. Weak measurement is a precise quantum measurement method that amplifies the weak value of a system in the weak interaction through appropriate pre- and post-selection states. To facilitate the simultaneous analysis of multiple samples, we have developed a chip with six flow channels capable of conducting six immunoassays concurrently. We can perform real-time immunoassay to determine the binding characteristics of spike protein and antibody through real-time analysis of the flow channel images and calculating the relative intensity. The proposed method boasts a simple structure, eliminating the need for intricate nano processes. The spike protein concentration and relative intensity curve were fitted using the Log-Log fitting regression equation, and R² was 0.91. Utilizing a pre-transformation approach to account for slight variations in detection sensitivity across different flow channels, the present method achieves an impressive limit of detection(LOD) of 0.85 ng/mL for the SARS-CoV-2 the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein, with a system standard deviation of 5.61. Furthermore, this method has been successfully verified for monitoring molecular-specific binding processes and differentiating binding capacities.