Sinovac is an inactive vaccine produced against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) for almost a year. No sufficient information is available concerning pro‐vaccine immunogenicity. We investigated the efficacy of antibody response following vaccination of SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected and noninfected healthcare workers by a two‐dose inactive vaccine against COVID‐19. The immunogenicity acquired on the 27th day and 42nd day after the first dose of vaccine (corresponding to Day 14 after the second dose) were compared by the demographics, immunosuppression, comorbidities, postvaccination reaction, and IgG levels of 120 subjects. The overall rate of second postvaccine seropositivity was 97.5% (n = 117) of all individuals, and 44 of these were seropositive after the first dose. The percentage of having a previous COVID‐19 (59.1%) among seropositive individuals before 2nd vaccination was significantly higher than those of seropositive individuals (10.96%) after second vaccination (p < 0.0001). In our study, 35 healthcare workers stated that they had previously had a COVID‐19 infection. Anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody responses in people infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 follow a classical pattern, with a rapid increase within the first 3 weeks after the appearance of symptoms. Although the titers decreased thereafter, the ability to detect anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG antibodies supports the view that the majority of subjects previously screened as positive for virus remain intact with confirmed neutralizing activity for up to 6 months.

Art based science materials engage students for learning all of the unseen microscobic creatures in easy way microbiology field. In this study we aimed to visualize bacterial and fungal species in artistic way. Inoculation of the colourful strains on agar plate as painting the agar with bacteria, provides beautiful round scenes and clear reminiscence related with the species learning for microbe world. For this purpose, we determined the different concentrations and exposure times of formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, xylene, toluene, ethyl alcohol, epoxy, glycerin and phenol. We aimed to develop a protocol after determining the optimum storage times. As a method, we exposed all chemicals except epoxy to Petri dishes by spraying method for 1, 5, 10 min. As a result, we determined the fixative that provides the best protection is toluene. After 1 min of toluene exposure, we determined that the Petri dish with growth can be preserved for 6 months even under room conditions without disturbing the color and shape of the whole colony morphology. Here, we obtained best fixation process by using toluen, typically 1 min, depending on the species, was most promising for the preservation of art.

Söz konusu Escherichia coli (E. coli) bakterisi olduğunda, bir bakteri hem iyi hem de kötü olabilir mi sorusunun yanıtı net bir şekilde evet olmalıdır. E. coli’nin birçok farklı serotipi vardır ve bu türlerin kendi içerisinde çok küçük farklılıklarla ayrılan identik topluluklarına ise suş denir. Suş, bir spesifik özelliği olan türdeki bir izolat ve bunun bir dizisidir. E. coli’ nin bazı suşları hastalık yaparken bazıları ise sağlıklı kalabilmek için önemlidir. Zararsız olan suşları, bağırsak mikrobiyotasında bulunur ve besinlerin sindirilmesi, vitamin üretilmesi, bağışıklık sisteminin güçlenmesinde rol alırken zararlı suşları ise ishal, idrar yolu enfeksiyonu gibi durumlara neden olur. Aynı zamanda bize faydalı olsalar bile vücudumuzda yaşadıkları yerden farklı bir yere geçerlerse hastalığa veya inflamasyona sebep olup bağışıklık sistemimizde görev alan hücrelerin kendi dokumuza zarar vermesine neden olabilir. İşin bir diğer yönü de: Escherichia coli’nin bilim dünyasına yaptığı büyük katkılardır. Bir model mikroorganizma olarak prokaryotik hücre kategorisinde yapılan moleküler düzeydeki araştırmaların da başlangıç noktası aynı bakterinin genom bilgisinden geçmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Escherichia coli’ nin insanlığa faydalı ve zararlı etkileri, epidemiyolojik verileri, yol açtığı salgınlar, bakterinin ekolojik ve çevresel yönü, endüstrideki önemi, sebep olduğu hastalıklarda antibiyotik tedavisi ve direnç profili konularının açıklanması hedeflenmiştir. Yazılan derleme , E. coli gibi çok yönlü olan bir bakterinin hem faydalı hem de zararlı taraflarının kapsamlı araştırılmasını içermektedir. Bu bilgi birikimi, üzerinde çalışan sık rastlanılan patojenlerin de olası faydalı yönlerinin ya da alttiplerinin olabileceği ihtimalini düşündürmektedir. Mikrobiyota araştırmalarının da bu açıdan önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Purpose: Patients in intensive care units are at risk of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, including the opportunistic bacterium Myroides spp. This study aimed to describe the clinical and microbiological characteristics of MDR Myroides spp. infections and to report antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and treatment approaches used in clinical practice. Methods: In this retrospective single-center study, 70 patients hospitalized in a tertiary care center in Türkiye between 2017 and 2023 who met criteria for true infection were included, although Myroides spp. was isolated from 509 clinical specimens. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were analyzed descriptively. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed using the VITEK^® 2 GN system on specimens obtained from blood, urine, wound swabs, and invasive procedures. Results: The isolates demonstrated high levels of resistance to most conventional antibiotics tested. Tigecycline showed the highest in vitro susceptibility rate, with 95.2% of isolates classified as susceptible. Tigecycline was also the most frequently used antimicrobial agent in clinical management, with a mean treatment duration of 10.3 days. The mean patient age was 72.7 years, and tigecycline treatment was administered to 88.5% of the patients. Most infections involved the urinary tract, while one patient developed invasive disease with concurrent bacteremia and pneumonia. Conclusion: MDR Myroides spp. infections remain rare but clinically relevant in intensive care settings. The high in vitro susceptibility observed for tigecycline and its frequent use in treatment highlight its potential role in the management of these infections. However, further studies with comparative designs are needed to better define optimal therapeutic strategies. The infographic presents clinical and microbiological characteristics of multidrug-resistant Myroides spp. infections in ICU patients from 2017 to 2023 in Türkiye. The left section shows ICU patients with 509 Myroides spp. isolates and 70 true infections. The middle section describes multidrug-resistant Myroides spp. with high resistance to conventional antibiotics, majority urinary tract infections and invasive cases like bacteremia and pneumonia. The right section details treatment outcomes with tigecycline, showing 95.2 percent susceptibility, a mean treatment duration of 10.3 days and high microbial eradication. A note at the bottom emphasizes early identification and targeted tigecycline therapy improving outcomes in MDR Myroides spp. infections in ICU patients.ICU patients with resistant Myroides infections: outcomes and benefits of tigecycline therapy.

Hepcidin is an important peptide hormone for iron homeostasis. It was shown to be increased in COVID-19 patients and may be a prognostic marker. In this study, the aim was to investigate serum hepcidin values and other iron metabolism parameters following the first and second COVID-19 vaccination. Thirty-eight healthcare workers were included in the study. Serum ferritin, hepcidin, iron, COVID-19 IgG and unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC) values were measured after the first vaccination (PRE) and second vaccination (POST). Changes and associations of serum parameters were statistically analyzed. It was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between the pre and post levels of ferritin (p=0.122), serum iron (p=0.127) or UIBC (p=0.145). Hepcidin was found to be significantly different between PRE and POST samples (p=0.0001). Hepcidin (PRE) was found to be significantly higher than the POST levels. Interestingly, there was no statistically significant relationship between the PRE and POST changes of ferritin and hepcidin (p=0.063). The association of PRE and POST changes of other parameters were also analyzed and a significant negative correlation between PRE and POST changes of serum iron and UIBC were found (rho=-0.751, p=0.0001). It was observed a decrease in hepcidin measures after second vaccination compared to the values after first vaccination. Vaccination affects serum hepcidin and this may be related with the interaction of hepcidin and the immune response.

Nowadays, it is quite common in medical laboratories to use devices with a fixed slide system under the microscope objective for microscopic examination of urine, which eliminates the hassle of preparing slides between slides for microscopic examination of urine and standardizes the sediment volume. Objective: In our study, we compared the microscopic analysis results obtained with the Sysmex UF-100 device, one of the fully automated systems, and the DiaSys R/S 2003 device with a fixed slide (OSA) system. We aimed to identify the parameters that can be used interchangeably and give results that support each other, to reveal inconsistent results, if any, and to determine the method that we can obtain more quantitatively consistent results. Method: The data obtained from the analysis results for both systems were analyzed into the SPSS 22.0 program. Descriptive values were expressed as number (n), mean (Mean), standard deviation (SD). Continuous variables were compared with the Wicoxan Signed Ranks test because they did not fit the normal distribution. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: According to the findings between UF-100 and OSA, we found that the analysis results for erythrocyte, leukocyte, epithelial cell parameters were consistent with each other, but not for cilia (cast). Keywords: UF-100, DiaSys R/S 2003, urine analysis, manual microscopy