The use of natural ingredients in recent years has been of great importance in many industries and medicine. In biomedical applications, hydrogel materials also play a significant role. In view of this, the aim of this study was to synthesize and characterize hydrogel materials enriched with broadleaf linden hydrolate. An important aspect was to carry out a series of syntheses with varying types and amounts of crosslinking agents so as to test the possibility of synthesizing materials with controlled properties. The obtained hydrogels were subjected to detailed physicochemical analysis. The results of the tests confirmed the relationship between the selected properties and the type of crosslinking agent used. A crosslinking agent with a lower molar mass (575 g/mol) results in a material with a compact and strongly crosslinked structure, which is characterized by high surface roughness. The use of a crosslinking agent with a molecular weight of 700 g/mol resulted in a material with a looser-packed polymer network capable of absorbing larger amounts of liquids. The work also proved that regardless of the type of crosslinking agent used, the addition of linden hydrolate provides antioxidant properties, which is particularly important in view of the target biomedical application of such materials.

In recent years, the utilization of natural components has become crucial across various industries, including medicine. Particularly in biomedical contexts, hydrogel materials are of significant importance. Therefore, the objective of this research was to develop and analyze hydrogel materials infused with vitamin C. A key focus of this study was to conduct multiple syntheses with varying levels of vitamin C to explore the feasibility of creating materials with adjustable properties. The produced hydrogels underwent comprehensive physicochemical evaluation. The findings of this examination verified the correlation between the vitamin C content and the specific characteristics of the hydrogels. It was determined from these results that the samples displayed both sorptive and antioxidative capabilities, enabling their potential application in wound dressings or other biomedical uses. A notable benefit of these hydrogels is their adaptability, allowing for modifications to achieve desired attributes tailored to particular applications.

Hydrogels are three-dimensional polymeric matrices capable of absorbing significant amounts of water or biological fluids, making them promising candidates for biomedical applications such as drug delivery and wound healing. In this study, novel hydrogels were synthesized using a photopolymerization method and modified with cisplatin-loaded protein carriers, as well as natural extracts of nettle (Urtica dioica) and chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.). The basic components of the hydrogel were polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyvinyl alcohol, while polyethylene glycol diacrylate was used as a crosslinking agent and 2-methyl-2-hydroxypropiophenone as a photoinitiator. The hydrogels demonstrated high swelling capacities, with values up to 4.5 g/g in distilled water, and lower absorption in Ringer’s solution and simulated body fluid (SBF), influenced by ionic interactions. Wettability measurements indicated water contact angles between 51° and 59°, suggesting balanced hydrophilic properties conducive to biomedical applications. Surface roughness analyses revealed that roughness values decreased after incubation, with Ra values ranging from 6.73 µm before incubation to 5.94 µm after incubation for samples with the highest protein content. Incubation studies confirmed the stability of the hydrogel matrix, with no significant structural degradation observed over 20 days. However, hydrogels containing 2.0 mL of protein suspension exhibited structural damage and were excluded from further testing. The synthesized hydrogels show potential for application as carriers in localized drug delivery systems, offering a platform for future development in areas such as targeted therapy for skin cancer or other localized treatments.

This study investigates the physicochemical properties of hydrogels based on PVA and PVP crosslinked with PEGDA, focusing on their swelling capacity, surface roughness, incubation behavior, and structural modifications upon bioactive component incorporation. Swelling analysis demonstrated that the amount and molecular weight of PEGDA significantly influences the hydrogels’ sorption properties, with the highest swelling coefficient observed for samples with 2 mL PEGDA (575 g/mol) due to a looser network structure, while the lowest was recorded for 2.5 mL PEGDA (700 g/mol), indicating a denser network. Surface roughness analysis revealed that increasing the crosslinker amount led to higher roughness both before and after incubation, with samples containing 575 g/mol PEGDA being more susceptible to structural changes in an incubation environment. FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of characteristic functional groups, providing insight into the chemical stability and hydration properties of the hydrogels. Modification with a bioactive mixture (glucosamine, chondroitin, and MSM) was confirmed by spectral analysis, indicating successful integration without compromising the hydrogel matrix. The modified hydrogels demonstrated potential applications in regenerative medicine, particularly for joint disease treatment and cartilage tissue repair.

Hydrogel materials are used in many fields of science and industry. They are of particular importance in biomedical applications. In this work, hydrogels were obtained that could act as a dressing for wounds, at the same time being a carrier of substances with antioxidant activity. The discussed materials were obtained in the field of UV radiation. The correlation between the amount of photoinitiator used and the physicochemical properties and surface morphology of the obtained materials was investigated. In addition, the hydrogels have been incorporated with wild rose extract, which is characterized by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The analysis of the sorption capacity confirmed that the obtained material is able to absorb significant amounts of incubation fluids, which, in terms of application, will enable the absorption of exudate from the wound. The highest stability of materials was noted for hydrogels obtained with the use of intermediate amounts of photoinitiator, i.e., 50 µL and 70 µL. In the case of using 20 µL or 100 µL, the photopolymerization process did not proceed properly and the obtained material was characterized by a lack of homogeneity and high brittleness. With the increase in the amount of photoinitiator, an increase in the surface roughness of hydrogel materials was confirmed. In turn, spectroscopic analysis ruled out the degradation of materials in incubation fluids, indicating the potential for their use in biomedical applications.

Nanotechnology is a field of science that has been growing rapidly in recent times. The use of this science in medicine makes it possible to develop new innovative therapies and materials with therapeutic effects. The topic of controlled delivery of therapeutic substances using appropriate carriers is extremely important. Such carriers can be, among others, magnetic nanoparticles. In the present study, magnetic nanoparticles coated with nanosilver were obtained. This carrier was then placed in a hydrogel matrix. The study shows that the properties of the obtained materials indicate their high application potential as transdermal systems. In this work, hydrogel materials modified with magnetic nanoparticles with silver were subjected to a physicochemical analysis. The sorption capacity of these materials was determined, and they were subjected to infrared spectroscopy analysis and incubation tests in simulated body fluids. In addition, the surface of these materials was characterized in detail. The results indicated that all the materials exhibit excellent sorption capacities, and their surfaces are characterized with high roughness.