Metallic nanoparticles (NPs) manufactured by ecofriendly strategies have also received much interest because of their elastic scattering properties and performance in nanomaterials. Aluminium oxide nanomaterials stand out among nanomaterials due to their tremendous uses in ceramic products, fabrics, therapeutic agents, catalyst supports, sewage sludge, and biosensors. The current paper investigates the effect of the nanoparticle composition and layer sequential on the mechanical characteristics of jute (J)-hemp (H) incorporated with an aluminium oxide polymer composite. NaOH is used to change the physical aspects of both plant fibres. A total of 20 specimens were tested with varying stacking sequences and padding weight ratios. Mechanical properties like a nanocomposites tension, bending, and ILSS was measured. Stacked series and flowability substantially impact the nanocomposite. The Group 3 nanocomposite with 2 Al₂O₃ has the highest tensile strength, 54.28 of the Group 1 and 2 combinations. The stack series significantly influences the material properties of nanomaterials. Because of the alternating layers of natural fabrics, Group 4 specimens have the maximum flexural strength. Group 3 composite materials have the highest ILSS because they have hemp on the outermost surface. It has been discovered that Group 4 material with a 2 Al₂O₃ concentration is possibly the most substantial material. The existence of Al₂O₃ nanoparticles in the green synthesis was confirmed by XRD analysis.

The contamination of water by organic substances poses a significant global challenge. To address these pressing environmental and energy concerns, this study emphasizes the importance of developing effective photocatalysts powered by sunlight. In this research, we achieved the successful synthesis of a novel photocatalyst comprised of polymeric carbon nitride (CN) nanosheets embedded with Co₃O₄ material, denoted as CN-CO. The synthesis process involved subjecting the mixture to 500 °C for 10 h in a muffle furnace. Structural and morphological analyses confirmed the formation of CN-CO nanostructures, which exhibited remarkable enhancements in photocatalytic activity for the removal of methylene blue (MB) pollutants under replicated sunlight. After 90 min of exposure, the degradation rate reached an impressive 98.9%, surpassing the degradation rates of 62.3% for pure CN and 89.32% for pure Co₃O₄ during the same time period. This significant improvement can be attributed to the exceptional light captivation capabilities and efficient charge separation abilities of the CN-CO nanostructures. Furthermore, the CN-CO nanostructures demonstrated impressive photocurrent density-time (j-t) activity under sunlight, with a photocurrent density of 2.51 μA/cm² at 0.5 V. The CN-CO nanostructure exhibited excellent methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) activity with the highest current density of 83.71 mA/cm² at an optimal 2 M methanol concentration, benefiting from the synergy effects of CN and CO in the nanostructure. Overall, this study presents a straightforward and effective method for producing CN-based photocatalysts decorated with semiconductor nanosized materials. The outcomes of this research shed light on the design of nanostructures for energy-related applications, while also providing insights into the development of efficient photocatalytic materials for addressing environmental challenges.