Female children as a vulnerable part of Afghan society extremely influencing by the lack of education facilities and poverty. Child marriage as a human right violation, destroying the child’s future and affecting the health of society. Despite; implementation of several programs in the level of nation and international to decrease the female child marriage, still Afghanistan has the highest female child marriage in the region. In this research, the data from 2015 Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey (2015AfDHS) has extracted to gauge the impact of poverty and education on female child marriage in Afghanistan. To examine the effect of poverty and education on female child marriage binary logistic regression was applied. The result shows, poverty and education strongly influencing the female child marriage. Girls who live in poor households 1.18 times more likely to marry and who ever not attended to school 1.16 times more likely to marry in the age of 10-19 years. Similarly; female child illiteracy, living in rural area, ethnicity and region also significantly increasing the female child marriage in Afghanistan. In conclusion, poverty is directly affecting the household status and increasing the female child marriage in Afghanistan. By creating the job opportunities to job seekers, improving the households condition and providing the equal accessible qualified education facilities to all female children the probability of female child marriage significantly will decrease.

Due to the inaccessibility of households to improved drinking water and safe sanitation, Afghan children die at the early age of childhood. This study provides empirical evidence to examine the causal effect of unsafe drinking water and poor sanitation on children under 5-year mortality in Afghanistan. To testify the relationship between household’s sanitation environment and drinking water sources on children under five-year mortality, the children under five-year categorized into the neonatal, infant, and under five-year ages. The binary logistic regression and marginal effect model have been used to discover the impact of water and sanitation on children under-five year mortality. The result revealed that children born in unimproved environments such as unclean drinking water sources and poor sanitation facilities are more likely to die in infancy age. The risk of poor sanitation facilities is significantly higher than unsafe water supply on child mortality at the age of less than 5. In conclusion, an unprotected environment is statistically more likely to increase the risk of children under five-year mortality in Afghanistan. The result recommended to the government to provide a safe water supply, increase the awareness of household members about sanitation, and improve the quality of public healthcare services to decrease the casual effect of water and poor sanitation on children under five-year mortalities.