Cancer poses a major threat to human health worldwide. The development of anti-tumor materials provides new modalities for cancer diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the research progress and clinical applications of anti-tumor materials. First, we introduce the etiology and pathogenesis of cancer, and the significance and challenges of anti-tumor materials research. Then, we classify anti-tumor materials and discuss their mechanisms of action. After that, we elaborate the research advances and clinical applications of anti-tumor materials, including those targeting tumor cells and therapeutic instruments. Finally, we discuss the future perspectives and challenges in the field of anti-tumor materials. This review aims to provide an overview of the current status of anti-tumor materials research and application, and to offer insights into future directions in this rapidly evolving field, which holds promise for more precise, efficient and customized treatment of cancer.

Waterborne polyurethane, renowned for its lightweight properties, excellent insulation capabilities, and corrosion resistance, has found extensive application in fields such as construction, automotive, leather, and thermal insulation. Nevertheless, during operational usage, waterborne polyurethane materials, akin to other polymeric substances, are susceptible to oxidative aging manifestations like yellowing, cracking, and diminished mechanical performance, significantly curtailing their utility. Consequently, the synthesis of yellowing-resistant polyurethane assumes pivotal significance. This study integrates dynamic reversible reactions into the synthesis process of polyurethane by introducing the dynamic reversible compound 2-hydroxyethyl disulfide as a chain extender, alongside the incorporation of a UV absorber to enhance the polyurethane’s resistance to yellowing. When the disulfide bonds absorb heat, they undergo cleavage, yielding thiols that spontaneously recombine into disulfide bonds at ambient temperatures, allowing for the continuous breaking and reformation of disulfide bonds to absorb heat. Concurrently, in collaboration with the UV absorber, the detrimental effects of ultraviolet radiation on the polyurethane material are mitigated, thereby augmenting its resistance to yellowing. This study scrutinizes the positioning of UV absorber addition, the quantity of UV absorber, and the molar ratio of 1,4-butanediol to 2-hydroxyethyl disulfide, characterizing the functional groups of polyurethane through infrared and Raman spectroscopy. It is observed that the successful preparation of yellowing-resistant polyurethane is achieved, and evaluations on the modified polyurethane through color difference, tensile, and centrifugal tests reveal that the optimal yellowing resistance is attained by adding a UV absorber at a mass fraction of 1% to 3% prior to chain extension, resulting in a color change grade of 2, denoting slight discoloration. Simultaneously, the other properties of polyurethane exhibit relative stability. Notably, when the molar ratio of 1,4-butanediol to 2-hydroxyethyl disulfide is 3:2, the overall performance of the polyurethane remains stable, with exceptional yellowing resistance capabilities attaining a color change grade of 2.

Pb_3.5GeS₄Br₃ is the first phase-matching thiogermanate halide infrared nonlinear optical material.

The process of suspension polymerization was utilized to create acrylate resin microspheres with mesh numbers of 140–200 μm and particle sizes of 100 μm for implementation in mesh coating technology. The copolymer of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and methyl acrylate (MA) served as the primary polymer, with dibenzoyl peroxide (DBPO) functioning as the initiator, and a mixture of calcium carbonate and deionized water served as the dispersion medium. The surface morphology of the synthesized microspheres was analyzed through Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to confirm successful synthesis. The optimal reaction conditions for the synthesis of these microspheres were determined to be a dispersant dosage of 30 g of calcium carbonate with a monomer ratio of 4:1, a reaction time of 1 h, an initiator dosage of 1.2 g of BPO, and a reaction temperature of approximately 75–80 C, resulting in microspheres with a regular spherical shape and smooth surface.

The promise of electrochemically reducing excess anthropogenic carbon dioxide into useful chemicals and fuels has gained significant interest. Recently, indium–copper (In–Cu) alloys have been recognized as prospective catalysts for the carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO₂RR), although they chiefly yield carbon monoxide. Generating further reduced C₁ species such as methane remains elusive due to a limited understanding of how In–Cu alloying impacts electrocatalysis. In this work, we investigated the effect of alloying In with Cu for CO₂RR to form methane through first-principles simulations. Compared with pure copper, In–Cu alloys suppress the hydrogen evolution reaction while demonstrating superior initial CO₂RR selectivity. Among the alloys studied, In₇Cu₁₀ exhibited the most promising catalytic potential, with a limiting potential of −0.54 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode. Analyses of adsorbed geometries and electronic structures suggest that this decreased overpotential arises primarily from electronic perturbations around copper and indium ions and carbon–oxygen bond stability. This study outlines a rational strategy to modulate metal alloy compositions and design synergistic CO₂RR catalysts possessing appreciable activity and selectivity.